Alterações nas queixas subjetivas de memória e na escala de depressão geriátrica em adultos e idosos em Portugal estão associadas a um suplemento alimentar

A perda de memória é uma das principais queixas entre a população idosa. Reivindicada para melhorar a função cognitiva e de fácil obtenção em farmácias e dietéticas, a suplementação com fosfolípidos produziu resultados mistos em vários estudos. Um grupo de adultos e idosos saudáveis (n = 522) com idade 65,84 ± 10,74 anos, e com um nível de escolaridade de 7,90 ± 4,90 anos participaram do estudo. Os participantes foram submetidos a Avaliação Breve do Estado Mental (ABEM), Escala de Queixas de Memória (EQM) e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG). Três indivíduos apresentaram disfunção cognitiva, 505 queixas de memória apresentadas e 257 estavam acima do ponto de corte para a EDG. Subsequentemente, um grupo de mulheres (n = 17) utilizaram a suplementação com fosfolípidos durante 4 semanas. Após o período de suplementação, foi observada uma diminuição nos valores médios de EQM e EDG. A suplementação de fosfolípidos, ao longo de 4 semanas reduziu significativamente os valores EQM (p <0,05) neste grupo de mulheres.

“Alterações nas Queixas Subjetivas de Memória e na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica em adultos e idosos em Portugal estão associadas a um suplemento alimentar”: Revisitado

Para avaliar o efeito da suplementação de fosfatidilserina nos resultados obtidos na Escala de Queixas de Memória (EQM) e na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG), um grupo de adultos e idosos saudáveis (n= 915) com idade 65,65 ± 11,10 anos, e com um nível de scolaridade de 7,56 ± 4,56 anos participaram do estudo. Os participantes foram submetidos a Avaliação Breve do Estado Mental ABEM), Escala de Queixas de Memória (EQM) e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG). Quatro indivíduos apresentaram disfunção cognitiva, 874 queixas de memória apresentadas e 436 estavam acima do ponto de corte para a EDG. Subsequentemente, um grupo de mulheres (n= 48) utilizaram a suplementação de fosfatidilserina durante 4 semanas. A suplementação de fosfatidilserina, ao longo de 4 semanas reduziu significativamente os valores EQM (p=0,000) e de EDG (p=0,009) neste grupo de mulheres.

No todo lo que brilla es oro: conflictos socio ambientales alrededor de dos proyectos de minería a gran escala en el Ecuador

Ecuador está a las puertas de la minería a gran escala, después de seis años de una fase de exploración intensa. Sin haber empezado la etapa de explotación, se han creado varios conflictos socioambientales alrededor de los recursos naturales, entre la sociedad civil, el gobierno y las empresas transnacionales. En este ensayo examinaré dos casos de estudio en detalle. Son los proyectos más cercanos de la fase de exploración y los que han creado mayores conflictos socioambientales alrededor de ellos: 1) El caso de Quimsacocha, es un proyecto minero que busca explotar un yacimiento de oro a través de una mina a nivel subterráneo por parte de la empresa canadiense IAMGOLD, en el páramo, de la Provincia del Azuay. 2) El caso de “El Mirador”, una propuesta de explotación de un yacimiento de cobre, a cielo abierto, de la empresa canadiense “Corriente Resources”, en la Cordillera del Cóndor, en la frontera con el Perú. Este ensayo analiza ambos casos dentro del marco teórico de los conflictos socioambientales, y pregunta si los programas de responsabilidad social corporativos de las empresas mineras son suficientes para reducir los conflictos entre la sociedad civil y las empresas transnacionales por el control de recursos naturales, o si es necesaria una fuerte presencia del gobierno nacional.

Los dilemas del desarrollo: minería a gran escala en la Cordillera del Cóndor

El trabajo que se presenta a continuación indaga sobre la forma en que Ecuador se inserta en la tercera ola de extracción de minerales metálicos tomando el caso de la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, y cómo esta inserción se constituye en un factor catalizador de la conflictualidad social y ambiental reproductor de tensiones al interior de la sociedad y el Estado. El influjo del ecologismo; la histórica aspiración por una sociedad más equitativa resumida en el principio indígena del sumak kawsay; la gravitación de distintos imaginarios dedesarrollo social y territorial;la emergencia de una nueva constitución política que se reafirma en el reconocimiento de los derechos humanos y los derechos de la Naturaleza; así comola permanencia de intereses políticos y comerciales ligados al nuevo boom exportador, confluyen en el debate nacional en torno a la minería metálica a gran escala y cielo abierto: una actividad económica, un proyecto político, un territorio mental y geográfico, una forma específica de expansión del capitalismo contemporáneo que sitúa al país en el dilema de convertirse en el gran abastecedor de cobre para el mercado mundial o ensayar un camino más sustentable de desarrollo basado en la preservación de su principal riqueza: la diversidad natural y cultural.

La criminalización de la protesta social: la escala autoritaria en España

Analiza la relación entre las políticas de ajuste y la escalada autoritaria del gobierno español con su tendencia a criminalizar y judicializar la protesta social orientada a su domesticación, a fin de regular sus movimientos y encauzar sus apariciones, atentando contra las libertades cívicas, incluyendo el derecho a manifestación y reunión. Devela que el aparato represivo franquista nunca fue desmontado. Plantea ante la restructuración del capitalismo la desestructuración de su hegemonía, haciendo visible su violencia cotidiana.

Kernel classifier construction using orthogonal forward selection and boosting with Fisher ratio class separability measure

A greedy technique is proposed to construct parsimonious kernel classifiers using the orthogonal forward selection method and boosting based on Fisher ratio for class separability measure. Unlike most kernel classification methods, which restrict kernel means to the training input data and use a fixed common variance for all the kernel terms, the proposed technique can tune both the mean vector and diagonal covariance matrix of individual kernel by incrementally maximizing Fisher ratio for class separability measure. An efficient weighted optimization method is developed based on boosting to append kernels one by one in an orthogonal forward selection procedure. Experimental results obtained using this construction technique demonstrate that it offers a viable alternative to the existing state-of-the-art kernel modeling methods for constructing sparse Gaussian radial basis function network classifiers. that generalize well.

‘The Making of the Book’: Roy Fisher, the Circle Press and the poetics of book art

Between 1972 and 2001, the English late-modernist poet Roy Fisher provided the text for nine separate artist's books produced by Ron King at the Circle Press. Taken together, as Andrew Lambirth has written, the Fisher-King collaborations represent a sustained investigation of the various ways in which text and image can be integrated, breaking the mould of the codex or folio edition, and turning the book into a sculptural object. From the three-dimensional pop-up designs of Bluebeard's Castle (1973), each representing a part of the edifice (the portcullis, the armoury and so on), to ‘alphabet books’ such as The Half-Year Letters (1983), held in an ingenious french-folded concertina which can be stretched to over a metre long or compacted to a pocketbook, the project of these art books is to complicate their own bibliographic codes, and rethink what a book can be. Their folds and reduplications give a material form to the processes by which meanings are produced: from the discovery, in Top Down, Bottom Up (1990), of how to draw on both sides of the page at the same time, to the developments of The Left-Handed Punch (1987) and Anansi Company (1992), where the book becomes first a four-dimensional theatre space, in which a new version of Punch and Judy is played out by twelve articulated puppets, and then a location for characters that are self-contained and removable, in the form of thirteen hand-made wire and card rod-puppets. Finally, in Tabernacle (2001), a seven-drawer black wooden cabinet that stands foursquare like a sculpture (and sells to galleries and collectors for over three thousand pounds), the conception of the book and the material history of print are fully undone and reconstituted. This paper analyses how the King-Fisher art books work out their radically material poetics of the book; how their emphasis on collaboration, between artist and poet, image and text, and also book and reader – the construction of meaning becoming a co-implicated process – continuously challenges hierarchies and fixities in our conception of authorship; and how they re-think the status of poetic text and the construction of the book as material object.

GHASP: an H alpha kinematic survey of spiral and irregular galaxies - IX. The near-infrared, stellar and baryonic Tully-Fisher relations

We studied, for the first time, the near-infrared, stellar and baryonic Tully-Fisher relations for a sample of field galaxies taken from a homogeneous Fabry-Perot sample of galaxies [the Gassendi HAlpha survey of SPirals (GHASP) survey]. The main advantage of GHASP over other samples is that the maximum rotational velocities were estimated from 2D velocity fields, avoiding assumptions about the inclination and position angle of the galaxies. By combining these data with 2MASS photometry, optical colours, HI masses and different mass-to-light ratio estimators, we found a slope of 4.48 +/- 0.38 and 3.64 +/- 0.28 for the stellar and baryonic Tully-Fisher relation, respectively. We found that these values do not change significantly when different mass-to-light ratio recipes were used. We also point out, for the first time, that the rising rotation curves as well as asymmetric rotation curves show a larger dispersion in the Tully-Fisher relation than the flat ones or the symmetric ones. Using the baryonic mass and the optical radius of galaxies, we found that the surface baryonic mass density is almost constant for all the galaxies of this sample. In this study we also emphasize the presence of a break in the NIR Tully-Fisher relation at M(H,K) similar to -20 and we confirm that late-type galaxies present higher total-to-baryonic mass ratios than early-type spirals, suggesting that supernova feedback is actually an important issue in late-type spirals. Due to the well-defined sample selection criteria and the homogeneity of the data analysis, the Tully-Fisher relation for GHASP galaxies can be used as a reference for the study of this relation in other environments and at higher redshifts.