Longe da vista, longe do coração: o design como “âncora” visual e elemento agregador da atividade museológica

To become an open to outer space, the "museum" acquired new forms and new expressions. The complexity of museological activity thus leads to new representations that alter the initial image of the museum as a building with objects. Their 'boundaries' are now less sharp, not only in relation to the spatial relationship, but also to its temporal dimension, creating an additional challenge which is the recognition of the museum itself. The design, while transdisciplinary activity, thereby assumes a key role in the communication of the museums in its visual representation and recognition of their action. The present study results from a survey conducted in 2010 to 364 Portuguese museums (from a universe of 849 museums), presenting an analysis to its base elements of visual expression of identity (name, logo, symbol, and color).

Determination of ochratoxin A in bread: evaluation of microwave-assisted extraction using an orthogonal composite design coupled with response surface methodology

An analytical method using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence detection (FD) for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in bread samples is described. A 24 orthogonal composite design coupled with response surface methodology was used to study the influence of MAE parameters (extraction time, temperature, solvent volume, and stirring speed) in order to maximize OTA recovery. The optimized MAE conditions were the following: 25 mL of acetonitrile, 10 min of extraction, at 80 °C, and maximum stirring speed. Validation of the overall methodology was performed by spiking assays at five levels (0.1–3.00 ng/g). The quantification limit was 0.005 ng/g. The established method was then applied to 64 bread samples (wheat, maize, and wheat/maize bread) collected in Oporto region (Northern Portugal). OTAwas detected in 84 % of the samples with a maximum value of 2.87 ng/g below the European maximum limit established for OTA in cereal products of 3 ng/g.

Mix design process of polyester polymer mortars modified with recycled GFRP waste materials

In this study, the effect of incorporation of recycled glass fibre reinforced plastics (GFRP) waste materials, obtained by means of shredding and milling processes, on mechanical behaviour of polyester polymer mortars (PM) was assessed. For this purpose, different contents of GFRP recyclates, between 4% up to 12% in weight, were incorporated into polyester PM materials as sand aggregates and filler replacements. The effect of the addition of a silane coupling agent to resin binder was also evaluated. Applied waste material was proceeding from the shredding of the leftovers resultant from the cutting and assembly processes of GFRP pultrusion profiles. Currently, these leftovers as well as non-conform products and scrap resulting from pultrusion manufacturing process are landfilled, with additional costs to producers and suppliers. Hence, besides the evident environmental benefits, a viable and feasible solution for these wastes would also conduct to significant economic advantages. Design of experiments and data treatment were accomplish by means of full factorial design approach and analysis of variance ANOVA. Experimental results were promising toward the recyclability of GFRP waste materials as partial replacement of aggregates and reinforcement for PM materials, with significant improvements on mechanical properties of resultant mortars with regards to waste-free formulations.

Um site, um conteúdo e incontáveis dispositivos: as estratégias de design utilizadas para ambientes multiplataformas

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimédia.

A construção da identidade profissional dos professores do ensino secundário: um estudo centrado em professores de Português, Matemática e Economia

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação: área de Educação e Desenvolvimento

Educação e desenvolvimento humano

Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação e Sociedade

Experimental design methodologies for the identification of Michaelis-Menten type kinetics

The main objective of this work was to investigate the application of experimental design techniques for the identification of Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters. More specifically, this study attempts to elucidate the relative advantages/disadvantages of employing complex experimental design techniques in relation to equidistant sampling when applied to different reactor operation modes. All studies were supported by simulation data of a generic enzymatic process that obeys to the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation. Different aspects were investigated, such as the influence of the reactor operation mode (batch, fed-batch with pulse wise feeding and fed-batch with continuous feeding) and the experimental design optimality criteria on the effectiveness of kinetic parameters identification. The following experimental design optimality criteria were investigated: 1) minimization of the sum of the diagonal of the Fisher information matrix (FIM) inverse (A-criterion), 2) maximization of the determinant of the FIM (D-criterion), 3) maximization of the smallest eigenvalue of the FIM (E-criterion) and 4) minimization of the quotient between the largest and the smallest eigenvalue (modified E-criterion). The comparison and assessment of the different methodologies was made on the basis of the Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) error in respect to the parameters vmax and Km of the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation. In what concerns the reactor operation mode, it was concluded that fed-batch (pulses) is better than batch operation for parameter identification. When the former operation mode is adopted, the vmax CRLB error is lowered by 18.6 % while the Km CRLB error is lowered by 26.4 % when compared to the batch operation mode. Regarding the optimality criteria, the best method was the A-criterion, with an average vmax CRLB of 6.34 % and 5.27 %, for batch and fed-batch (pulses), respectively, while presenting a Km’s CRLB of 25.1 % and 18.1 %, for batch and fed-batch (pulses), respectively. As a general conclusion of the present study, it can be stated that experimental design is justified if the starting parameters CRLB errors are inferior to 19.5 % (vmax) and 45% (Km), for batch processes, and inferior to 42 % and to 50% for fed-batch (pulses) process. Otherwise equidistant sampling is a more rational decision. This conclusion clearly supports that, for fed-batch operation, the use of experimental design is likely to largely improve the identification of Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters.

Água de abastecimento público de consumo humano e oviposição de Aedes aegypti

OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito da qualidade da água de reservatórios domésticos de abastecimento público na resposta oviposicional de fêmeas de Aedes aegypti.MÉTODOS: Estudo conduzido em laboratório a partir de imaturos de Ae. aegypti, coletados em caixas d'água do município de Potim, SP, 2009. Foram disponibilizados simultaneamente três tipos de água por gaiola para a deposição dos ovos: ovipositor (A) com água coletada em caixa d'água de Taubaté, SP; ovipositor (B) com água destilada (controle); e ovipositor (C) com água coletada em caixa d'água de Potim. Foram analisados parâmetros fisicoquímicos. O teste de Kruskall-Wallis foi utilizado para analisar a média de ovos nas diferentes amostras de água e nas comparações posteriores, o teste Dwass-Steel-Chritchlow-Flingner. O índice de atividade de oviposição foi adotado para avaliar a resposta oviposicional.RESULTADOS: Foi observada diferença significativa no número de ovos entre as soluções líquidas testadas (H = 45; p < 0,0001). O número de ovos na água de caixas d'água de abastecimento público de captação em poços profundos (C) foi estatisticamente superior a amostras de água de caixas d'água de abastecimento público de superfície (A) (p < 0,0001) e do Controle (B) (p < 0,0001). Não houve diferença significante entre o número de ovos do Controle (B) e água de superfície (A). A primeira postura foi a mais produtiva em todas as soluções testadas nas três gaiolas. A amostra de água (C) produziu índice positivo (0,54), i.e., atrativo para oviposição.CONCLUSÕES: A qualidade da água influiu na oviposição de Ae. aegypti. As elevadas concentrações de nitrogênio amoniacal na água de abastecimento público sugerem que esse componente químico foi o responsável pela atratividade de fêmeas grávidas de Ae. aegypti para a oviposição nesses criadouros.

CoS: a new perspective of operating systems design for the cyber-physical world

Our day-to-day life is dependent on several embedded devices, and in the near future, many more objects will have computation and communication capabilities enabling an Internet of Things. Correspondingly, with an increase in the interaction of these devices around us, developing novel applications is set to become challenging with current software infrastructures. In this paper, we argue that a new paradigm for operating systems needs to be conceptualized to provide aconducive base for application development on Cyber-physical systems. We demonstrate its need and importance using a few use-case scenarios and provide the design principles behind, and an architecture of a co-operating system or CoS that can serve as an example of this new paradigm.

Modeling for control design of a multi-reach water canal

This article addresses the problem of obtaining reduced complexity models of multi-reach water delivery canals that are suitable for robust and linear parameter varying (LPV) control design. In the first stage, by applying a method known from the literature, a finite dimensional rational transfer function of a priori defined order is obtained for each canal reach by linearizing the Saint-Venant equations. Then, by using block diagrams algebra, these different models are combined with linearized gate models in order to obtain the overall canal model. In what concerns the control design objectives, this approach has the advantages of providing a model with prescribed order and to quantify the high frequency uncertainty due to model approximation. A case study with a 3-reach canal is presented, and the resulting model is compared with experimental data. © 2014 IEEE.

Utilização de origens de água com qualidade inferior a A3 na produção de água para consumo humano

A eutrofização das massas hídricas superficiais constitui um dos mais significativos problemas, a nível de planeamento e gestão dos recursos hídricos. Uma das consequências consiste no bloom de organismos fitoplanctónicos, como as cianobactérias, produzindo um risco para a saúde, quando presentes na água para consumo humano. Muitas das tecnologias convencionais utilizadas no tratamento de água têm-se demonstrado pouco eficazes na sua remoção. Estações de tratamento de águas (ETAs) que utilizam águas com presença destes organismos tóxicos, têm que possuir barreiras eficientes para a sua remoção. Assim, torna-se necessário munir as ETAs de tecnologia apropriada à sua eliminação. Deste modo, este trabalho consiste, com base em investigação bibliográfica, avaliar a capacidade de remoção de cianobactérias, e das toxinas a elas associadas, ao longo de um sistema de tratamento e prever a possibilidade de introdução de um processo de separação por membranas, como uma barreira segura e eficaz no tratamento de águas com este tipo de problemas. Para tal, utilizou-se como caso de estudo a ETA de S. Domingos (sistema de tratamento convencional), responsável por parte do abastecimento de água da cidade de Peniche, cuja origem de água, albufeira de S. Domingos, se encontra eutrofizada e, a presença destes organismos é praticamente constante ao longo de todo o ano. Prevê-se que a ETA de S. Domingos consiga alguma remoção de cianobactérias e cianotoxinas intracelulares, mas a principal incerteza prende-se com o desempenho da ETA na remoção de toxinas extra celulares. Concluiu-se então, que desde que o sistema de tratamento já existente seja totalmente optimizado, e por introdução de um sistema de filtração por membranas (Nanofiltração) é possível reter com sucesso estas toxinas.

Assessing usual dietary intake in complex sample design surveys: the National Dietary Survey

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) method allows the distributions of usual intake of nutrients and foods to be estimated. This method can be used in complex surveys. However, the user must perform additional calculations, such as balanced repeated replication (BRR), in order to obtain standard errors and confidence intervals for the percentiles and mean from the distribution of usual intake. The objective is to highlight adaptations of the NCI method using data from the National Dietary Survey. The application of the NCI method was exemplified analyzing the total energy (kcal) and fruit (g) intake, comparing estimations of mean and standard deviation that were based on the complex design of the Brazilian survey with those assuming simple random sample. Although means point estimates were similar, estimates of standard error using the complex design increased by up to 60% compared to simple random sample. Thus, for valid estimates of food and energy intake for the population, all of the sampling characteristics of the surveys should be taken into account because when these characteristics are neglected, statistical analysis may produce underestimated standard errors that would compromise the results and the conclusions of the survey.

An approach for reliability-based robust design optimisation of angle-ply composites

Variations of manufacturing process parameters and environmental aspects may affect the quality and performance of composite materials, which consequently affects their structural behaviour. Reliability-based design optimisation (RBDO) and robust design optimisation (RDO) searches for safe structural systems with minimal variability of response when subjected to uncertainties in material design parameters. An approach that simultaneously considers reliability and robustness is proposed in this paper. Depending on a given reliability index imposed on composite structures, a trade-off is established between the performance targets and robustness. Robustness is expressed in terms of the coefficient of variation of the constrained structural response weighted by its nominal value. The Pareto normed front is built and the nearest point to the origin is estimated as the best solution of the bi-objective optimisation problem.

Uncertainty propagation in inverse reliability-based design of composite structures

An approach for the analysis of uncertainty propagation in reliability-based design optimization of composite laminate structures is presented. Using the Uniform Design Method (UDM), a set of design points is generated over a domain centered on the mean reference values of the random variables. A methodology based on inverse optimal design of composite structures to achieve a specified reliability level is proposed, and the corresponding maximum load is outlined as a function of ply angle. Using the generated UDM design points as input/output patterns, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed based on an evolutionary learning process. Then, a Monte Carlo simulation using ANN development is performed to simulate the behavior of the critical Tsai number, structural reliability index, and their relative sensitivities as a function of the ply angle of laminates. The results are generated for uniformly distributed random variables on a domain centered on mean values. The statistical analysis of the results enables the study of the variability of the reliability index and its sensitivity relative to the ply angle. Numerical examples showing the utility of the approach for robust design of angle-ply laminates are presented.