Travelling opinions and sketches in Russia and Poland.

Mode of access: Internet.

Travels through part of the Russian Empire and the country of Poland; along the southern shores of the Baltic.

Shaw and Shoemaker 37960.

The correspondence of Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, and his brother Laurence Hyde, Earl of Rochester; with the diary of Lord Clarendon from 1687 to 1690, containing minute particulars of the events attending the revolution and the diary of Lord Rochester during his embassy to Poland in 1676.

Mode of access: Internet.

The history of Poland /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

An account of the Turks wars with Poland, Muscovy and Hungary ...

Translation of Guerres des Turcs avec la Pologne, la Moscovie et la Hongrie, par le Sr. de La Croix. 1689.

A descriptive catalogue (with remarks and anecdotes never before published in English) of some pictures, of the different schools, purchased for His Majesty the late King of Poland, which will be exhibited early in 1802, at the Great Room, No. 3, in Berners-Street, the third door on the right, from Oxford-Street /

Mode of access: Internet.

Marysieńka Marie de la Grange D'Arquien, queen of Poland, and wife of Sobieski. 1641-1716,

"List of authorities consulted": p. [xiii]-xvi.

Poland, her glory, her sufferings, her overthrow /

Lectures originally delivered in Polish in the summer of 1880.

American Poland-China record.

Brief history of the breed given in v. 3, p.[vii]-xi.

Ohio Poland-China record.

V. 21-23 published at Hamilton, Ohio.

Standard Poland-China record,

The origin and development of the Poland-China hog: v. 1, p. [22]-23.

The National Poland-China record /

Vols. 28-30, 34-35, 37, 41-43 contain indexes of owners, breeders and animals; vols. 31, 33, 39-40 contain general indexes; v. 32 contains index of breeders and also index of animals and owners; v. 44 contains index of animals.

Poland in the British Parliament, 1939-1945,

Vols.2-3 lack series note.

Social inequalities in male mortality, and in male mortality from smoking: indirect estimation from national death rates in England and Wales, Poland, and North America

Background There are substantial social inequalities in adult male mortality in many countries. Smoking is often more prevalent among men of lower social class, education, or income. The contribution of smoking to these social inequalities in mortality remains uncertain. Methods The contribution of smoking to adult mortality in a population can be estimated indirectly from disease-specific death rates in that population (using absolute lung cancer rates to indicate proportions due to smoking of mortality from certain other diseases). We applied these methods to 1996 death rates at ages 35-69 years in men in three different social strata in four countries, based on a total of 0.6 million deaths. The highest and lowest social strata were based on social class (professional vs unskilled manual) in England and Wales, neighbourhood income (top vs bottom quintile) in urban Canada, and completed years of education (more than vs less than 12 years) in the USA and Poland. Results In each country, there was about a two-fold difference between the highest and the lowest social strata in overall risks of dying among men aged 35-69 years (England and Wales 21% vs 43%, USA 20% vs 37%, Canada 21% vs 34%, Poland 26% vs 50%: four-country mean 22% vs 41%, four-country mean absolute difference 19%). More than half of this difference in mortality between the top and bottom social strata involved differences in risks of being killed at age 35-69 years by smoking (England and Wales 4% vs 19%, USA 4% vs 15%, Canada 6% vs 13%, Poland 5% vs 22%: four-country mean 5% vs 17%, four-country mean absolute difference 12%). Smoking-attributed mortality accounted for nearly half of total male mortality in the lowest social stratum of each country. Conclusion In these populations, most, but not all, of the substantial social inequalities in adult male mortality during the 1990s were due to the effects of smoking. Widespread cessation of smoking could eventually halve the absolute differences between these social strata in the risk of premature death.