860 resultados para Cixi, Empress dowager of China, 1835-1908


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Includes bibliography

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Document prepared on the occasion of the visit of President Barack Obama to Brazil, Chile and El Salvador in March 2011

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China has become a major player in world trade. Although it has not signed any trade agreements with the countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), China has been gaining ground as a supplier of goods, making vigorous inroads into this area. One of the dominant trends in economic integration has been the development of intra-industry trade, which has flourished in the nafta signatory countries. This paper focuses on the analysis of intra-industry trade in the context of this free trade area, where the production structure of the countries involved has changed significantly since trade liberalization, revealing the internationalization of production chains. Lastly, changes in the trade structure induced by the growing presence of China in the nafta region are captured. Trade within this area works like a radiated wheel, with the United States acting as the axis, while China, Canada and Mexico operate as the spokes.

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

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Foreword by Alicia Bárcena

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Paisagens Urbanas: fotografia e modernidade na cidade de Belém (1846-1908) propõe uma discussão sobre os documentos fotográficos que serviam de instrumentos de propaganda dos governantes na última década do século XIX e no início do século XX. A linguagem visual desta dissertação permite mostrar a forma como os indivíduos se fizeram representar nos cenários urbanos, dando visibilidade aos tipos sociais que foram flagrados sutilmente pelas câmeras fotográficas a serviço da propaganda do governo que tinha por objetivo divulgar uma cidade moderna, revelando a intensidade e a rapidez com que desejava alcançar a modernidade, ao mesmo tempo em que traz a luz uma cidade de acordo com os modelos provenientes da Europa, percebe-se o registro de uma outra cidade que nos remete a espaços de convivência de diferentes realidades. A imagem fotográfica, assim como outras fontes e objetos visuais, constitui-se em importantes instrumentos de investigação histórica para identificar novos objetos e novos problemas. A contribuição deste estudo se ancora no uso da fotografia como principal documento de análise para produção historiográfica, entendendo que a fotografia representa um testemunho que “fala” do passado na intensidade que o historiador a questiona. Este estudo busca analisar a relação entre fotografia e cidade a partir da narrativa visual dos álbuns e relatórios de Belém que foram produzidos no período de 1898 a 1908. A interpretação dos álbuns, enquanto narrativa que visualiza uma cidade moderna, constituí-se em uma das estratégias metodológicas para abordagem do uso da fotografia como documento para o historiador, considerando que nesse tipo de documentação pode mostrar dados dispersos ou mesmo silenciados por outras fontes de pesquisas.

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The restructuring of the state productive sector of the central government of China is a phenomenon that has occurred since 1978, and is not yet complete. In a centrally planned economy, China's government introduced a series of economic and social transformations in order to modernize the country's economic structure. The flagship of these reforms was the reintroduction of a market economy, living side by side with a strong state control over key economic variables of the country. In this process, there was a restructuring of ownership of enterprises by means of collectivization, the creation of joint stock companies, establishing joint ventures with foreign companies or privatization. The result of this process was the creation of a set of holding companies that operate in strategic sectors of China's economy such as energy, transport, telecom, capital goods and defense. Within this brief article we will focus on the process of opening up and modernization as the expression of a national project that sought to understand the changes in the international economy and sought to adapt the demographic characteristics of China and productive so you get the best out of globalization.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Two-particle azimuthal (Delta phi) and pseudorapidity (Delta eta) correlations using a trigger particle with large transverse momentum (p(T)) in d+Au, Cu+Cu, and Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider are presented. The near-side correlation is separated into a jet-like component, narrow in both Delta phi and Delta eta, and the ridge, narrow in Delta phi but broad in Delta eta. Both components are studied as a function of collision centrality, and the jet-like correlation is studied as a function of the trigger and associated p(T). The behavior of the jet-like component is remarkably consistent for different collision systems, suggesting it is produced by fragmentation. The width of the jet-like correlation is found to increase with the system size. The ridge, previously observed in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, is also found in Cu+Cu collisions and in collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV, but is found to be substantially smaller at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV than at root s(NN) = 200 GeV for the same average number of participants (< N-part >). Measurements of the ridge are compared to models.

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This paper reports results for directed flow v(1) and elliptic flow v(2) of charged particles in Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 22.4 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements are for the 0-60% most central collisions, using charged particles observed in the STAR detector. Our measurements extend to 22.4-GeV Cu + Cu collisions the prior observation that v1 is independent of the system size at 62.4 and 200 GeV and also extend the scaling of v(1) with eta/y(beam) to this system. The measured v(2)(p(T)) in Cu + Cu collisions is similar for root s(NN) throughout the range 22.4 to 200 GeV. We also report a comparison with results from transport model (ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics and multiphase transport model) calculations. The model results do not agree quantitatively with the measured v(1)(eta), v(2)(p(T)), and v(2)(eta).