Transreal proof of the existence of universal possible worlds

Transreal arithmetic is total, in the sense that the fundamental operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division can be applied to any transreal numbers with the result being a transreal number [1]. In particular division by zero is allowed. It is proved, in [3], that transreal arithmetic is consistent and contains real arithmetic. The entire set of transreal numbers is a total semantics that models all of the semantic values, that is truth values, commonly used in logics, such as the classical, dialetheaic, fuzzy and gap values [2]. By virtue of the totality of transreal arithmetic, these logics can be implemented using total, arithmetical functions, specifically operators, whose domain and counterdomain is the entire set of transreal numbers

1930, a Paraíba e o inconsciente político da revolução: a narrativa como ato socialmente simbólico

This work is an attempt to show that the ideological conflict that has been developed by the hegemony of the 1930 Revolution historical events in Paraíba, conceptually turned into an insoluble social contradiction. It ocurred due to imaginary or formal resolutions of the literature that ended up by altering the epistemological rules of the relation between fiction and reality. The present work is based on The unconscious politics: a narrative as a socially symbolic act , book in which all the literary or cultural texts can and should be read as symbolic resolutions to insoluble social contradictions. From string to contemporary literature this phenomenon has been registered by the several ways of textual production turning the 1930 Revolution into one of the main elements which guides the political scene of Paraíba. The ideological groups still centered on the political resentment and committed to a political conflict forged the existence of two historical truths: one which suits the liberais , the winners, and another is of the 1930 conflict. This work argues in favour of the unconscious politics of the 1930 Revolution. This thesis considers necessarily the relation that the Paraibana society maintains with its past and how this past reaches in the present the liberation of a hidden and repressed truth through its narrativization. Beyond that, how the ideological partiality generated the political resentment through the way of thinking of the rivals under the perspective of the good and evil reveals its insoluble social contradiction. Process which comprehends varied narrative forms of the mass culture products and literary production, as in the methodological perspective pointed by Fredric Jameson that all literary or cultural texts can and shall be read as symbolic resolutions of true political and social contradictions. In the case of Paraiba we will have resolutions that search for the reasons which caused the death of João Pessoa: forgery and publicity of love letters, dispute over the official version of suicide commited by João Dantas, the man who assassinated João Pessoa

Um estudo do processo de reconhecimento histórico: o caso de Arthur Cayley

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Arthur Cornwall Papers - Accession 289

The Arthur Cornwall Papers consist of personal, professional, genealogical and reference files of writer, musician, and historian Arthur Cornwall. The collection contains correspondence, radio scripts, feature articles, genealogical research notes, photographs, scrapbooks, and newspaper clippings. Of particular value are the genealogical files which contain exhaustive research relating to the Cornwall-Cornwell and Colvin families of Chester County. The collection includes genealogical research on many other Chester County families, such as Bennett, Coleman, Feaster, Hardin, Loving, Tims, Wylie, and Yongue. Included are many community histories.

Evaluation of chronic HCV infection in transplanted livers using a modified histological activity index

The majority of histopathological classifications of primary chronic viral hepatitis and recurrence of HCV infection in liver transplants is based on the histological activity index (HAI) introduced by Knodell et al in 1981; however, correlation between HAI and clinical/laboratory data is poor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present a modification of HAI (mHAI) adapted to distinct features of graft infection, and to evaluate its usefulness in the description of disease activity.

The Beneficiation of Montana Silver Star Chromite Ore

It is known that there are large deposits of chromium ore in Stillwater and Carbon Counties in South-Central Montana. The late James F. Kemp of Columbia University, stated in 1928, that these were the largest chromium deposits in the United States and probably in the world, although they were not considered of commercial grade as compared with foreign ores.

Stimulation of MMP-1 and CCL2 by NAMPT in PDL cells

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. Obese individuals have an increased risk of periodontitis, and elevated circulating levels of adipokines, such as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), may be a pathomechanistic link between both diseases. The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the regulation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells by NAMPT and its production under inflammatory and infectious conditions. NAMPT caused a significant upregulation of 9 genes and downregulation of 3 genes, as analyzed by microarray analysis. Eight of these genes could be confirmed by real-time PCR: NAMPT induced a significant upregulation of EGR1, MMP-1, SYT7, ITPKA, CCL2, NTM, IGF2BP3, and NRP1. NAMPT also increased significantly the MMP-1 and CCL2 protein synthesis. NAMPT was significantly induced by interleukin-1 β and the periodontal microorganism P. gingivalis. NAMPT may contribute to periodontitis through upregulation of MMP-1 and CCL2 in PDL cells. Increased NAMPT levels, as found in obesity, may therefore represent a mechanism whereby obesity could confer an increased risk of periodontitis. Furthermore, microbial and inflammatory signals may enhance the NAMPT synthesis in PDL cells and thereby contribute to the increased gingival and serum levels of this adipokine, as found in periodontitis.

Regulation of visfatin by microbial and biomechanical signals in PDL cells

OBJECTIVES This in vitro study was established to examine whether visfatin thought to be a link between periodontitis and obesity is produced by periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and, if so, whether its synthesis is modulated by microbial and/or biomechanical signals. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDL cells seeded on BioFlex® plates were exposed to the oral pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586 and/or subjected to biomechanical strain for up to 3 days. Gene expression of visfatin and toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 was analyzed by RT-PCR, visfatin protein synthesis by ELISA and immunocytochemistry, and NFκB nuclear translocation by immunofluorescence. RESULTS F. nucleatum upregulated the visfatin expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Preincubation with neutralizing antibodies against TLR2 and TLR4 caused a significant inhibition of the F. nucleatum-upregulated visfatin expression at 1 day. F. nucleatum stimulated the NFκB nuclear translocation. Biomechanical loading reduced the stimulatory effects of F. nucleatum on visfatin expression at 1 and 3 days and also abrogated the F. nucleatum-induced NFκB nuclear translocation at 60 min. Biomechanical loading inhibited significantly the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 at 3 days. The regulatory effects of F. nucleatum and/or biomechanical loading on visfatin expression were also observed at protein level. CONCLUSIONS PDL cells produce visfatin, and this production is enhanced by F. nucleatum. Biomechanical loading seems to be protective against the effects of F. nucleatum on visfatin expression. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Visfatin produced by periodontal tissues could play a major role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and the interactions with obesity and other systemic diseases.

The power of emotional valence – from cognitive to affective processes in reading

The comprehension of stories requires the reader to imagine the cognitive and affective states of the characters. The content of many stories is unpleasant, as they often deal with conflict, disturbance or crisis. Nevertheless, unpleasant stories can be liked and enjoyed. In this fMRI study, we used a parametric approach to examine (1) the capacity of increasing negative valence of story contents to activate the mentalizing network (cognitive and affective theory of mind, ToM), and (2) the neural substrate of liking negatively valenced narratives. A set of 80 short narratives was compiled, ranging from neutral to negative emotional valence. For each story mean rating values on valence and liking were obtained from a group of 32 participants in a prestudy, and later included as parametric regressors in the fMRI analysis. Another group of 24 participants passively read the narratives in a three Tesla MRI scanner. Results revealed a stronger engagement of affective ToM-related brain areas with increasingly negative story valence. Stories that were unpleasant, but simultaneously liked, engaged the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which might reflect the moral exploration of the story content. Further analysis showed that the more the mPFC becomes engaged during the reading of negatively valenced stories, the more coactivation can be observed in other brain areas related to the neural processing of affective ToM and empathy.

Regulation of NAMPT in human gingival fibroblasts and biopsies

Adipokines, such as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), are molecules, which are produced in adipose tissue. Recent studies suggest that NAMPT might also be produced in the tooth-supporting tissues, that is, periodontium, which also includes the gingiva. The aim of this study was to examine if and under what conditions NAMPT is produced in gingival fibroblasts and biopsies from healthy and inflamed gingiva. Gingival fibroblasts produced constitutively NAMPT, and this synthesis was significantly increased by interleukin-1β and the oral bacteria P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Inhibition of the MEK1/2 and NFκB pathways abrogated the stimulatory effects of F. nucleatum on NAMPT. Furthermore, the expression and protein levels of NAMPT were significantly enhanced in gingival biopsies from patients with periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory infectious disease of the periodontium, as compared to gingiva from periodontally healthy individuals. In summary, the present study provides original evidence that gingival fibroblasts produce NAMPT and that this synthesis is increased under inflammatory and infectious conditions. Local synthesis of NAMPT in the inflamed gingiva may contribute to the enhanced gingival and serum levels of NAMPT, as observed in periodontitis patients. Moreover, local production of NAMPT by gingival fibroblasts may represent a possible mechanism whereby periodontitis may impact on systemic diseases.

Tabacaleros y acopiadores en la colonización del Alto Paraná Misionero (1930-1946)

Durante la expansión colonizadora de las décadas de 1920-1930 en el Alto Paraná Misionero, el tabaco fue para los colonos alemanes-brasileños un cultivo destinado a la obtención de ingresos monetarios y bienes de consumo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el vínculo entre productores y acopiadores de tabaco, tratando de identificar los elementos conflictivos de esta relación (disputas por la clasificación y el precio del producto). El trabajo heurístico se focalizó en la Compañía Johann, la empresa acopiadora más grande de la colonia Puerto Rico y la única que mantiene los registros desde su creación (1929). El producto que acopió por más tiempo fue el tabaco (1929-1985), y en orden de importancia decreciente también acopiaron tung, almidón de mandioca y grasa de cerdo. A través de los libros de acopio y de venta de tabaco enfardelado se da vida a las dos caras de la producción del tabaco: los productores tabacaleros y los acopiadores. Dicha información ha sido enriquecida con entrevistas a informantes clave.

Tabacaleros y acopiadores en la colonización del Alto Paraná Misionero (1930-1946)

Durante la expansión colonizadora de las décadas de 1920-1930 en el Alto Paraná Misionero, el tabaco fue para los colonos alemanes-brasileños un cultivo destinado a la obtención de ingresos monetarios y bienes de consumo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el vínculo entre productores y acopiadores de tabaco, tratando de identificar los elementos conflictivos de esta relación (disputas por la clasificación y el precio del producto). El trabajo heurístico se focalizó en la Compañía Johann, la empresa acopiadora más grande de la colonia Puerto Rico y la única que mantiene los registros desde su creación (1929). El producto que acopió por más tiempo fue el tabaco (1929-1985), y en orden de importancia decreciente también acopiaron tung, almidón de mandioca y grasa de cerdo. A través de los libros de acopio y de venta de tabaco enfardelado se da vida a las dos caras de la producción del tabaco: los productores tabacaleros y los acopiadores. Dicha información ha sido enriquecida con entrevistas a informantes clave.

Tabacaleros y acopiadores en la colonización del Alto Paraná Misionero (1930-1946)

Durante la expansión colonizadora de las décadas de 1920-1930 en el Alto Paraná Misionero, el tabaco fue para los colonos alemanes-brasileños un cultivo destinado a la obtención de ingresos monetarios y bienes de consumo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el vínculo entre productores y acopiadores de tabaco, tratando de identificar los elementos conflictivos de esta relación (disputas por la clasificación y el precio del producto). El trabajo heurístico se focalizó en la Compañía Johann, la empresa acopiadora más grande de la colonia Puerto Rico y la única que mantiene los registros desde su creación (1929). El producto que acopió por más tiempo fue el tabaco (1929-1985), y en orden de importancia decreciente también acopiaron tung, almidón de mandioca y grasa de cerdo. A través de los libros de acopio y de venta de tabaco enfardelado se da vida a las dos caras de la producción del tabaco: los productores tabacaleros y los acopiadores. Dicha información ha sido enriquecida con entrevistas a informantes clave.