(Table 1) Age determination of sediment core SO136-003GC

We compile and compare data for the last 150,000 years from four deep-sea cores in the midlatitude zone of the Southern Hemisphere. We recalculate sea surface temperature estimates derived from foraminifera and compare these with estimates derived from alkenones and magnesium/calcium ratios in foraminiferal carbonate and with accompanying sedimentological and pollen records on a common absolute timescale. Using a stack of the highest-resolution records, we find that first-order climate change occurs in concert with changes in insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. Glacier extent and inferred vegetation changes in Australia and New Zealand vary in tandem with sea surface temperatures, signifying close links between oceanic and terrestrial temperature. In the Southern Ocean, rapid temperature change of the order of 6°C occurs within a few centuries and appears to have played an important role in midlatitude climate change. Sea surface temperature changes over longer periods closely match proxy temperature records from Antarctic ice cores. Warm events correlate with Antarctic events A1-A4 and appear to occur just before Dansgaard-Oeschger events 8, 12, 14, and 17 in Greenland.

D. Martin Luther's Werke : kritische Gesamtausgabe (Weimarer Ausgabe) : [Ser. 1: Schriften]. --

Some volumes also in revised editions.

GS and depot maintenance manual including repair parts and special tools list : test set, flight control set AN/ASM-330.

"May 1969."

Grewia gum 1:some mechanical and swelling properties of compact and film

Purpose: To study the mechanical and dynamic swelling properties of grewia gum, evaluate its compression behaviour and determine the effect of drying methods on its properties. Methods: Compacts (500 mg) of both freeze-dried and air-dried grewia gum were separately prepared by compression on a potassium bromide (KBr) press at different pressures and subjected to Heckel analysis. Swelling studies were performed using 200 mg compacts of the gum (freeze-dried or air-dried) compressed on a KBr press. The mechanical properties of the films of the gum prepared by casting 1 % dispersions of the gum were evaluated using Hounsfield tensiometer. The mechanical properties of grewia gum films were compared with films of pullulan and guar gum which were similarly prepared. The effect of temperature on the water uptake of the compacts was studied and the data subjected to Schott's analysis. Results: Drying conditions had no effect on the yield pressure of the gum compacts as both air-dried and freeze-dried fractions had a yield pressure of 322.6 MPa. The plots based on Schott's equation for the grewia gum samples showed that both samples (freeze-dried and air-dried) exhibited long swelling times. Grewia gum film had a tensile strength of 19.22±3.61 MPa which was similar to that of pullulan films (p > 0.05). It had an elastic modulus of 2.13±0.12 N/mm2 which was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of pullulan and guar gum with elastic moduli of 3.33±0.00 and 2.86±0.00 N/mm2, respectively. Conclusion: The type of drying method used does not have any effect on the degree of plasticity of grewia gum compacts. Grewia gum obtained by either drying method exhibited extended swelling duration. Matrix tablet formulations of the gum will likely swell slowly and promote sustained release of drug. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City.

Stable isotope ratios on planktonic foraminifer N. pachyderma of surface sediments from the Arctic Ocean (Table 1)

Planktic foraminifers Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) from 87 eastern and central Arctic Ocean surface sediment samples were analyzed for stable oxygen and carbon isotope composition. Additional results from 52 stations were taken from the literature. The lateral distribution of delta18O (18O/16O) values in the Arctic Ocean reveals a pattern of roughly parallel, W-E stretching zones in the Eurasian Basin, each ~0.5 per mil wide on the delta18O scale. The low horizontal and vertical temperature variability in the Arctic halocline waters (0-100 m) suggests only little influence of temperature on the oxygen isotope distribution of N. pachyderma (sin.). The zone of maximum delta18O values of up to 3.8 per mil is situated in the southern Nansen Basin and relates to the tongue of saline (> 33%.) Atlantic waters entering the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Strait. delta18O values decrease both to the Barents Shelf and to the North Pole, in accordance with the decreasing salinities of the halocline waters. In the Nansen Basin, a strong N-S delta18O gradient is in contrast with a relatively low salinity change and suggests contributions from different freshwater sources, i.e. salinity reduction from sea ice meltwater in the south and from light isotope waters (meteoric precipitation and river-runoff) in the northern part of the basin. North of the Gakkel Ridge, delta18O and salinity gradients are in good accordance and suggest less influence of sea ice melting processes. The delta13C (13C/12C) values of N. pachyderma (sin.) from Arctic Ocean surface sediment samples are generally high (0.75-0.95 per mil). Lower values in the southern Eurasian Basin appear to be related to the intrusion of Atlantic waters. The high delta13C values are evidence for well ventilated surface waters. Because the perennial Arctic sea ice cover largely prevents atmosphere-ocean gas exchange, ventilation on the seasonally open shelves must be of major importance. Lack of delta13C gradients along the main routes of the ice drift from the Siberian shelves to the Fram Strait suggests that primary production (i.e. CO2 consumption) does probably not change the CO2 budget of the Arctic Ocean significantly.

(Table 1) Chemical composition of palygorskite and host sediments from Core VITYAZ4599-GC

Palygorskite streak veinlets were studied in the lower part of a sediment core collected at Station VITYAZ4599 in the central (Mid-Indian) basin of the Indian Ocean. It is suggested that this palygorskite is of hydrothermal origin and was formed in pre-Pliocene time.

Thorium and Uranium analyses of sediment core GIK12310-4, NW African continental margin (Table 1,2)

The Th content of the sediment samples from "Meteor" core GIK12310-4 (3080 m water depth, off NW Africa) on a carbonate-free basis lies around the average of 12.4 ppm and is similar to the average content of the earth crust. On the contrary, uranium was found to be up to 3.5-fold enriched in the core section between 60 and 330 cm (within the Wuerm Glacial) where reducing conditions occur, due to deposition of authigenic uranium (9 µg/cm**2 1000 yrs.). The authigenic uranium content is correlated to the organic matter content (U/Corg ratio = 6 * 10**4). On the basis of the uranium content of the oxidized section uranium was split into a detritic and an authigenic component and the amount of supported ionium was calculated. From the profile of the specific Io-cxcess activity (= Io-total - Io-supported) with depth, average sedimentation rates of 3.3 ± 0.6 cm/1000 yrs. for the warmer stages and of 5 ± 1 cm/l000 yrs. for the cooler periods were estimated.

(Table 1) AMS-14C ages determined in pairs of spreiten and directly adjacent host sediment of cores M39029-4 and M29039-8

he downward transport of surface sediment deep into the sediment column by the Zoophycos-producing animal leads not only to large age differences between the Zoophycos structure and surrounding host sediment but also to large differences in age between different foraminifer species found inside the trace fossil. In the late Quaternary material from the southwestern Portuguese continental slope examined in this study, age differences of up to 2590 years were observed between the planktic foraminifer species Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerina bulloides. These differences are caused by the mixing of surface and host material with different abundances of the two species. If there are differences in the abundance of the two species at the surface and/or in the host sediment, plenty of relatively young foraminifers may be mixed with few relatively old ones, or vice versa. The age differences between species caused by the combination of deep-reaching bioturbation by the Zoophycos producer and abundance variations may be considerably larger than the age differences caused by the homogenizing bioturbation in the mixed layer.