995 resultados para 301-U1301C


Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Language models (LMs) are often constructed by building multiple individual component models that are combined using context independent interpolation weights. By tuning these weights, using either perplexity or discriminative approaches, it is possible to adapt LMs to a particular task. This paper investigates the use of context dependent weighting in both interpolation and test-time adaptation of language models. Depending on the previous word contexts, a discrete history weighting function is used to adjust the contribution from each component model. As this dramatically increases the number of parameters to estimate, robust weight estimation schemes are required. Several approaches are described in this paper. The first approach is based on MAP estimation where interpolation weights of lower order contexts are used as smoothing priors. The second approach uses training data to ensure robust estimation of LM interpolation weights. This can also serve as a smoothing prior for MAP adaptation. A normalized perplexity metric is proposed to handle the bias of the standard perplexity criterion to corpus size. A range of schemes to combine weight information obtained from training data and test data hypotheses are also proposed to improve robustness during context dependent LM adaptation. In addition, a minimum Bayes' risk (MBR) based discriminative training scheme is also proposed. An efficient weighted finite state transducer (WFST) decoding algorithm for context dependent interpolation is also presented. The proposed technique was evaluated using a state-of-the-art Mandarin Chinese broadcast speech transcription task. Character error rate (CER) reductions up to 7.3 relative were obtained as well as consistent perplexity improvements. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

表达序列标签(Expressed sequencetag,EST)是鉴定基因表达规律和发现新基因的一种有效的分子生物学手段。为了能在中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis Gray)中发现与生长和生殖内分泌调控相关的基因,我们构建了中华鲟垂体的SMARTcDNA质粒文库。垂体是调节生长和生殖内分泌的重要器官。在本研究中,通过测序筛选得到了944个EST克隆,将所得EST与GenBank数据库中的序列进行比对,结果表明,802(84.96%)个克隆可以找到同源序列,共代表461个基因,其中含132个已

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

为大量获得具有生物学活性的草鱼生长激素 ,对草鱼生长激素cDNA在毕赤酵母中的表达进行了研究。将草鱼生长激素cDNA克隆入毕赤酵母表达载体pGAPZ α B ,构建表达载体pGAPZ α B GH。在三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶 (GAP)启动子的调控作用下 ,一个类似于天然生长激素大小、分子量约 2 2kD的蛋白获得表达 ,其表达量约 5 0mg L。Western杂交表明 :表达的蛋白与兔抗草鱼生长激素的多克隆抗体特异结合 ,证实该表达蛋白为草鱼生长激素 ;受体夹心式ELISA检测表明 :表达的草鱼生长激素具生

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

利用光镜和扫描电镜研究了雌性褶纹冠蚌外瓣鳃的组织学和形态。结果表明,雌性褶纹冠蚌具一对外瓣鳃。每个外瓣鳃都由内、外二鳃小瓣构成。每片鳃小瓣又由许多纵行排列的鳃丝组成。鳃丝表面具前纤毛、前侧纤毛和侧纤毛,其壁主要由角质层、上皮和基膜组成,内含几丁质棒、鳃腺和血管。相邻鳃丝之间由丝间隔相连。鳃小瓣内的空腔被瓣间隔分隔成许多鳃水管。丝间隔和瓣间隔的壁主要由单层柱状上皮和基膜组成,其内均有血管分布。在繁殖期间辩间隔形态发生变化,将鳃水管分隔成许多小室,形成胚胎发育的孵化室。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

国家自然科学基金 3 9670 1 0 1、4 983 2 0 1 0资助

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

在患暴发流行性发病鳜鱼的脾、肾、肝、鳃组织细胞的超薄切片中观察到直径为 12 0 150nm的二十面体病毒粒子 ,其截面呈六角形 ,有囊膜。将病鱼内脏与 10倍体积的PBS缓冲液制成组织匀浆液 ,过滤除菌后感染对数生长期的草鱼肾细胞。结果表明 ,该感染液在 2 8℃条件下 ,培养 36 4 8h ,生长旺盛的草鱼肾细胞开始出现CPE ,5 7d感染的单层细胞逐渐脱落死亡。该细胞病毒悬液具有感染性 ,可持续稳定地进行传代培养。感染细胞的病毒培养液 ,经差异离心纯化 ,负染制片 ,电镜下观察到大量的病毒粒子

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

自1984 年第一例转基因鱼在我国诞生以来,转基因鱼研究取得长足进步。研究表明外源基因可以整合、表达,并能遗传给后代,然而外源基因整合位点难以控制,遗传不稳定等问题仍未解决。所幸我国鱼类核移植技术较为成熟,结合细胞基因转移、基因打靶和核移植技术,有望在不久将来获得稳定整合的纯化转基因鱼。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

记述了南鳅属鱼类一新种———异颌南鳅Schisturaheterognathossp.nov.。用作新种描述的模式标本共7尾,其中正模标本1尾,体长800mm,编号8810240;副模标本6尾,体长950~1050mm,编号8810241、8810242、8810150~8810153。1988年采自云南省勐腊县的那着和曼庄,属澜沧江下游支流南腊河。所有模式标本均保存于中国科学院水生生物研究所鱼类标本馆。该新种上下颌厚而强壮,宽阔,无角质;上颌无齿状突起,下颌中部有一细小缺刻或无缺刻;口横列,口宽约等于吻

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

在优化RAPD检测条件的基础上,采用40对随机引物,比较分析了银鲫复合种、异育银鲫和兴国红鲤相互间扩增DNA片段的异同性。总的来说,银鲫复合种和异育银鲫具有基本一致的扩增产物,而与兴国红鲤的扩增产物多数不同。相似率分析表明,银鲫复合种与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为31.6%,异育银鲫与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为28.6%。在分析中,除发现银鲫复合种、异育银鲫与兴国红鲤间共有的扩增片段外,还发现了银鲫复合种与兴国红鲤间共有的扩增片段以及银鲫复合种所特有的DNA扩增带。本研究不但为银鲫复合种异源遗传成分的整人提供了新的

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

中国绿球藻目的新记录属、种、变种和变型(下)胡征宇,凌元洁,梁良弼,毕列爵(中国科学院水生生物研究所武汉430072)(山西大学太原030006)(福建师范大学福州350007)(湖北大学武汉430062)关键词中国,绿球藻目25.日内瓦顶棘藻(图2...

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本文报道了鳜鱼[Sinipercachuatsi(Basilewsky)]鳃上寄生的河鲈锚首吸虫[Ancyrocephalusmogurndae(Gussev)]的食物组成及其能量储存的形式。联苯胺—过氧化物酶染色显示河鲈锚首吸虫摄食宿主的血液,过碘酸Schiff氏反应显示其也摄食宿主的粘液。尽管在河鲈锚首吸虫的肠腔发现残余的细胞,但这些细胞是否为宿主的鳃组织细胞尚待进一步的研究证实。河鲈锚首吸虫体内储存有大量的脂肪,表明有氧代谢的存在并可能是能量供给的主要形式,尽管在虫体的实质中也有糖原的存在。