Entre la autonomía y la voluntad de poder : El proyecto de intervención a la provincia de Buenos Aires y la ruptura del Partido Socialista en 1927

Este artículo analiza el proceso que, en 1927, desemboca en la ruptura del Partido Socialista (PS) y el nacimiento del Partido Socialista Independiente. Subraya que el contraste entre la importancia numérica de la representación socialista y su escasa incidencia política fue uno de los factores que alentaron tal ruptura. El trabajo describe el surgimiento de una tendencia disidente en torno a la figura de Antonio de Tomaso, y reconstruye las posiciones que el PS sostuvo en torno a las intervenciones provinciales. Aborda luego la propuesta de intervención a la Provincia de Buenos Aires de 1927, y explica cómo el retiro de esta propuesta desencadenó la ruptura de quienes insistían con mantener un proyecto que parecía colocar al Partido Socialista en el centro de la escena política. Finalmente plantea algunas hipótesis acerca del lugar que el PS ocupó en la política argentina de los años 20'

Las huelgas de los estibadores portuarios en el sur santafesino en 1928

El 2 de mayo de 1928 se inicia una huelga de estibadores portuarios en Rosario después de años de tibia actividad sindical. Días más tarde, varios hechos de sangre provocaron la solidaridad obrera con dos paros generales que conmovieron a la ciudad por su agitación y violencia. Los portuarios villenses también se solidarizaron y, un mes más tarde, encabezaron un violento reclamo laboral. El motivo inicial de las huelgas fue el salarial, pero la cuestión de fondo que hilvana a ambas experiencias es la puja social por el deterioro de las condiciones laborales y las imposiciones empresarias en el control y selección de la fuerza de trabajo.En principio la espontaneidad de la protesta tomó por sorpresa a las organizaciones sindicales de izquierda que durante la década del 20 habían mostraban varias fracturas, no obstante será la oportunidad que explica la reorganización y difusión del movimiento obrero con posterioridad. En otro sentido, los conflictos en Rosario y Villa Constitución reflejan la compleja trama de la política santafesina y su conexión con el ámbito laboral. Asimismo, creemos que los sucesos de 1928 tienen una repercusión mayor que la estrictamente local engarzándose en un ciclo de conflictividad que involucra a buena parte de la economía agroexportadora

Entre la autonomía y la voluntad de poder : El proyecto de intervención a la provincia de Buenos Aires y la ruptura del Partido Socialista en 1927

Este artículo analiza el proceso que, en 1927, desemboca en la ruptura del Partido Socialista (PS) y el nacimiento del Partido Socialista Independiente. Subraya que el contraste entre la importancia numérica de la representación socialista y su escasa incidencia política fue uno de los factores que alentaron tal ruptura. El trabajo describe el surgimiento de una tendencia disidente en torno a la figura de Antonio de Tomaso, y reconstruye las posiciones que el PS sostuvo en torno a las intervenciones provinciales. Aborda luego la propuesta de intervención a la Provincia de Buenos Aires de 1927, y explica cómo el retiro de esta propuesta desencadenó la ruptura de quienes insistían con mantener un proyecto que parecía colocar al Partido Socialista en el centro de la escena política. Finalmente plantea algunas hipótesis acerca del lugar que el PS ocupó en la política argentina de los años 20'

Entre la autonomía y la voluntad de poder : El proyecto de intervención a la provincia de Buenos Aires y la ruptura del Partido Socialista en 1927

Este artículo analiza el proceso que, en 1927, desemboca en la ruptura del Partido Socialista (PS) y el nacimiento del Partido Socialista Independiente. Subraya que el contraste entre la importancia numérica de la representación socialista y su escasa incidencia política fue uno de los factores que alentaron tal ruptura. El trabajo describe el surgimiento de una tendencia disidente en torno a la figura de Antonio de Tomaso, y reconstruye las posiciones que el PS sostuvo en torno a las intervenciones provinciales. Aborda luego la propuesta de intervención a la Provincia de Buenos Aires de 1927, y explica cómo el retiro de esta propuesta desencadenó la ruptura de quienes insistían con mantener un proyecto que parecía colocar al Partido Socialista en el centro de la escena política. Finalmente plantea algunas hipótesis acerca del lugar que el PS ocupó en la política argentina de los años 20'

Las huelgas de los estibadores portuarios en el sur santafesino en 1928

El 2 de mayo de 1928 se inicia una huelga de estibadores portuarios en Rosario después de años de tibia actividad sindical. Días más tarde, varios hechos de sangre provocaron la solidaridad obrera con dos paros generales que conmovieron a la ciudad por su agitación y violencia. Los portuarios villenses también se solidarizaron y, un mes más tarde, encabezaron un violento reclamo laboral. El motivo inicial de las huelgas fue el salarial, pero la cuestión de fondo que hilvana a ambas experiencias es la puja social por el deterioro de las condiciones laborales y las imposiciones empresarias en el control y selección de la fuerza de trabajo.En principio la espontaneidad de la protesta tomó por sorpresa a las organizaciones sindicales de izquierda que durante la década del 20 habían mostraban varias fracturas, no obstante será la oportunidad que explica la reorganización y difusión del movimiento obrero con posterioridad. En otro sentido, los conflictos en Rosario y Villa Constitución reflejan la compleja trama de la política santafesina y su conexión con el ámbito laboral. Asimismo, creemos que los sucesos de 1928 tienen una repercusión mayor que la estrictamente local engarzándose en un ciclo de conflictividad que involucra a buena parte de la economía agroexportadora

Organic geochemistry of ODP Leg 135 sediment samples

The average total organic carbon (TOC) content obtained after Rock-Eval/TOC analysis of 156 sediment samples from the eight sites cored during Leg 135 is 0.05%. Hence, the TOC content of Leg 135 sediments is extremely low. The organic matter that is present in these samples is probably mostly reworked and oxidized material. Ten sediment samples were selected for extraction and analysis by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Very low amounts of extractable hydrocarbons were obtained and some aspects of the biomarker distributions suggest that these hydrocarbons are not representative of the organic matter indigenous to the samples. A sample of an oil seep from Pili, Tongatapu was also analyzed. The seep is a biodegraded, mature oil that shows many characteristics in common with previously published analyses of oil seeps from Tongatapu. Biomarker evidence indicates that its source is a mature, marine carbonate of probable Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary age. The source rock responsible for the Tongatapu oil seeps remains unknown.

Organic geochemistry of sediment samples from Prydz Bay

High molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbons were extracted from sediments at two sites (741 and 742) drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 119 in Prydz Bay, a major embayment on the continental shelf of East Antarctica. The distributions of n-alkanes and triterpenoid and steroid hydrocarbons suggest that the n-alkanes and steranes are mainly of terrestrial origin and that the hydrocarbons are immature to slightly mature in the Lower Cretaceous sediments and immature to mature in the Tertiary sediments. At Site 741, the Lower Cretaceous depositional sequence, which is generally characterized by immature hydrocarbons, is interrupted by sediment having more mature components, suggesting a change of source during part of Early Cretaceous time. At Site 742, the mature geochemical parameters of a Pliocene sample correlate with results reported elsewhere for Site 739. In all but one of the other Tertiary samples, the geochemical parameters indicate intermediate maturity. The Lower Cretaceous and Pliocene sediments average about 1.9% organic carbon, a value of interest from the point of view of potential sources of petroleum offshore from Antarctica.

Grain-size distributions and bulk chemistry of sediment core MD00-2361

The terrigenous fraction of sediments from a deep-sea sediment core recovered from the northwestern Western Australian continental slope offshore North West Cape, SE Indian Ocean, reveals a history of Western Australian climate throughout the last 550 ka. End-member modelling of a data set of grain-size distributions (n = 438) of the terrigenous sediment fraction allows to interpret the record in terms of aeolian and fluvial sediment deposition, both related to palaeo-environmental conditions in the North West Cape area. The data set can be best described by two aeolian end members and one fluvial one. Changes in the ratio of the two aeolian end members over the fluvial one are interpreted as aridity variations in northwestern Western Australia. These grain-size data are compared with bulk geochemical data obtained by XRF scans of the core. Log-ratios of the elements Zr/Fe and Ti/Ca, which indicate a terrigenous origin, corroborate the grain-size data. We postulate that the mid- to late Quaternary near North West Cape climate was relatively arid during the glacial and relatively humid during the interglacial stages, owing to meridional shifts in the atmospheric circulation system. Opposite to published palaeo-environmental records from the same latitude (20°S) offshore Chile and offshore Namibia, the Australian aridity record does not show the typical southern hemisphere climate variability of humid glacials and dry interglacials, which we interpret to be the result of the relatively large land mass of the Australian continent, which emphasises a strong monsoonal climatic system.

Chemical and physical oceanography on 131 CTD casts from METEOR cruise M59/2

The oceans absorb and store a significant portion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but large uncertainties remain in the quantification of this sink. An improved assessment of the present and future oceanic carbon sink is therefore necessary to provide recommendations for long-term global carbon cycle and climate policies. The formation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a unique fast track for transporting anthropogenic CO2 into the ocean's interior, making the deep waters rich in anthropogenic carbon. Thus the Atlantic is presently estimated to hold 38% of the oceanic anthropogenic CO2 inventory, although its volume makes up only 25% of the world ocean. Here we analyze the inventory change of anthropogenic CO2 in the Atlantic between 1997 and 2003 and its relationship to NADW formation. For the whole region between 20°S and 65°N the inventory amounts to 32.5 ± 9.5 Petagram carbon (Pg C) in 1997 and increases up to 36.0 ± 10.5 Pg C in 2003. This result is quite similar to earlier studies. Moreover, the overall increase of anthropogenic carbon is in close agreement with the expected change due to rising atmospheric CO2 levels of 1.69% a?1. On the other hand, when considering the subpolar region only, the results demonstrate that the recent weakening in the formation of Labrador Sea Water, a component of NADW, has already led to a decrease of the anthropogenic carbon inventory in this water mass. As a consequence, the overall inventory for the total water column in the western subpolar North Atlantic increased only by 2% between 1997 and 2003, much less than the 11% that would be expected from the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels.

Calcareous nannofossils of the Soithern Coral Sea

Leg 90 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project drilled 18 holes at eight sites (Sites 587-594) on several shallow-water platforms in the southern Coral Sea, Tasman Sea, and southwestern Pacific Ocean. The results from an additional hole (Hole 586B) drilled at Site 586 during Leg 89 are included in this report. Together, these sites form a latitudinal traverse which extends from the equator (Site 586) to 45°S (Site 594) and includes all the major water masses from tropical to subantarctic. Samples recovered at these sites range in age from middle Eocene to late Quaternary. The calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy for Leg 90 has divided into two parts: part 1, the Neogene and Quaternary of Sites 586-594. (this chapter); and part 2, the Paleogene of Sites 588, 592, and 593 (Martini, 1986). A slightly modified version of the Martini (1971) standard Tertiary and Quaternary zonation scheme was used to make age determinations on over 700 samples. All of the relevant Neogene and Quaternary zone-defining nannoplankton are present at Sites 586-591 (0°-30°S) but become increasingly rare or are absent at Sites 592-594 (35°-45°S). Species diversity increases southward from the equator (Site 586) and reaches a peak at 20°S (Site 587). A decrease at 25°S (Site 588) and 30°S (Sites 589-591) is followed by an increase in species diversity at 35°S (Site 592). South of 35°S, species diversity again decreases and reaches a low at 45 °S (Site 594). Species diversity for all sites as a group generally increases through the early, middle, and late Miocene, reaches a peak in the early Pliocene, then gradually decreases through the late Pliocene and Quaternary

Ages and sedimentation rates of bottom sediments from the south arid zone of the Pacific Ocean

Radiocarbon datings are used to calculate mean sedimentation rates of metalliferous sediments in the southern arid zone of the Pacific Ocean adjoining the axis of the East Pacific rise (20°S). Owing to low sedimentation rates and intense mixing, only averaged figures could be obtained for ages less than 16 ky. Sedimentation rate varies from 0.3 to about 1 cm/1000 years in the surface layer and is several times higher in the time interval from 20 ky to 45 ky ago. Formulas for calculating mean sedimentation rates with allowance for benthic mixing are presented.

Physical/chemical properties and stable oxygen and carbon isotope records of Holocene to late Pleistocene sediments in the Gela Basin, central Mediterranean Sea

The Holocene Twin Slides form the most recent of recurrent mass wasting events along the NE portion of Gela Basin within the Sicily Channel, central Mediterranean Sea. Here, we present new evidence on the morphological evolution and stratigraphic context of this coeval slide complex based on deepdrilled sediment sequences providing a >100 ka paleo-oceanographic record. Both Northern (NTS) and Southern Twin Slide (STS) involve two failure stages, a debris avalanche and a translational slide, but are strongly affected by distinct preconditioning factors linked to the older and buried Father Slide. Core-acoustic correlations suggest that sliding occurred along sub-horizontal weak layers reflecting abrupt physical changes in lithology or mechanical properties. Our results show further that headwall failure predominantly took place along sub-vertical normal faults, partly through reactivation of buried Father Slide headscarps.

(Table 1) Spacing of diatom abundance index and opal index at ODP Site 175-1084

An important discovery during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 175, when investigating the record of upwelling off Namibia, was the finding of a distinct Late Pliocene diatom maximum spanning the lower half of the Matuyama reversed polarity chron (MDM, Matuyama Diatom Maximum) and centered around 2.6-2.0 Ma. This maximum was observed at all sites off southwestern Africa between 20°S and 30°S, and is most strongly represented in sediments of Site 1084, off Lüderitz, Namibia. The MDM is characterized by high biogenic opal content, high numbers of diatom valves, and a diatom flora rich in Southern Ocean representatives (with Thalassiothrix antarctica forming diatom mats) as well as coastal upwelling components. Before MDM time, diatoms are rare until ca. 3.6 Ma. After the MDM, in the Pleistocene, the composition of the diatom flora points to increased importance of coastal upwelling toward the present, but is accompanied by a general decrease in opal and diatom deposition. Here we present a simple conceptual model as a first step in formalizing a possible forcing mechanism responsible for the record of opal deposition in the upwelling system off Namibia. The model takes into account Southern Ocean oceanography, and a link with deepwater circulation and deepwater nutrient chemistry which, in turn, are coupled to the evolution of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). The model proposes that between the MDM and the Mid-Pleistocene climate revolution, opal deposition off Namibia is not directly tied to glacial-interglacial fluctuations (as seen in the global d18O record), but that, instead, a strong deepwater link exists with increased NADW production (as seen in the deepwater d13C record) accounting for higher supply of silicate to the thermocline waters that feed the upwelling process. The opal record of Site 1084 shows affinity to eccentricity on the 400-kyr scale but not for the 100-kyr scale. This points toward long-term geologic processes for delivery of silica to the ocean.