纳米硬度测量中接触面积及压头曲率半径效应的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学(MD)模拟了单晶铜的纳米压痕。提出“接触原子”方法来计算接触面积,并和实验上采用的方法进行比较,发现此方法无论是对“挤出”还是“沉陷”情况都能更准确地计算接触面积。同时也模拟了压头曲率半径对纳米压痕的影响,发现在同一压痕深度下材料纳米硬度的测量值随着压头半径的增大而变大。

胜利油区化学驱油技术面临的矛盾及对策

在化学驱技术水平现状分析、化学驱资源评价和实施效果跟踪的基础上,深入分析了制约胜利油区化学驱发展的主要矛盾。在长期室内试验研究和矿场实践中总结出“P+N”聚合物驱加合增效理论,针对制约化学驱发展的主要矛盾,开展了耐温抗盐聚合物、有机复合交联体系、强化泡沫驱、二元驱等研究工作,为胜利油区化学驱油技术的发展提供了有力的技术支撑,拓宽了化学驱油技术的应用领域。

计算平面Ⅰ、Ⅱ型复合应力强度因子的半权函数法

给出计算一般平面裂纹问题应力强度因子的半权函数方法。该方法引入两个满足裂纹面零应力条件、平衡方程以及裂尖位移具有r- 1 2 奇异性的虚拟位移与应力函数的解析表达式 ,即半权函数。从功能互等定理出发 ,结合从裂纹下缘到上缘绕裂尖任意路径的位移与应力的近似值 ,得到Ⅰ、Ⅱ复合型应力强度因子KⅠ 和KⅡ 积分形式的表达式。由于在积分中避开了裂尖的奇异性 ,因此即使采用较粗糙的模型或方法得到的近似值 ,也可以得到精度较高的KⅠ 、KⅡ 。相对于权函数法 ,本方法的限制条件较少 ,半权函数易于获得 ,实用性强 ;相对于有限元法计算量小 ,模型建立简便。

激光熔凝和熔敷在热轧辊强化中的应用

为提高热轧辊寿命对球墨铸铁、白口铸铁热轧辊进行了激光熔凝、熔敷实验研究,并对激光处理效果进行了现场轧制实时寿命评估.研究确认:球墨铸铁、白口铸铁激光熔凝小样的硬度随扫描速度的降低和激光功率的增大而提高.分别按轧钢量、磨损量计算,球墨铸铁、白口铸铁激光熔凝热轧辊寿命分别比原来延长50%和15.6%～23.4%.利用激光熔敷技术在白口铸铁热轧辊上可以成功制备无宏观裂纹、气孔和夹杂存在的镍基合金涂层.现场轧制后表面也无宏观缺陷存在,寿命延长18.7%～37.4%.

多裂纹导电薄板电热温度场和应力场的计算

讨论了对带有n个共线裂纹的薄板，在无穷远处加载电流实施止裂时板内的温度场和应力场。文中利用了复变函数的方法计算得到了电流场、温度场和应力场的分布状态。计算中考虑了材料热传导系数、线胀系数、弹性模量随温度的变化。作为算例，以带有两个共线裂纹、牌号为GH2132的高温合金制成的薄板进行了计算，给出了应力、温度与加载的电流密度及裂纹尺寸的关系；分析了导热系数随温度的变化对温度场数值的影响。

女大学生立定跳远成绩与形态、机能和身体素质指标的相关性分析

利用聚类和回归分析方法讨论了女大学生身体的6类指标(身高、围度、心脏功能、柔韧性、体脂成分和腿部腹部肌力及灵活性)对立定跳远成绩(未经过任何专门训练)的影响,并用PEARSON相关系数和偏相关系数分析了各类指标之间的相关性。给出了学生身体的6类指标对立定跳远成绩的不同贡献值,确定与立定跳远相关性较大的可控性指标,为提高立定跳远成绩提供依据。

复合材料空心飞轮多环套装整体变形及应力简化精细分析

采用多环过盈装配是解决复合材料飞轮径向强度过低的有效途径之一。本文作者采用平面应力简化模型，提出了计及过盈配合后变形导致实际过盈量增大计算飞轮套装后的初终应力分布的方法；提出了基于叠加原理计算多环过盈装配旋转飞轮应力的方法；提出了保证飞轮旋转时配合界面不脱离的相关临界转速的概念和计算方法。算例分析表明；过盈配合后的变形对初终应力的影响不能忽略；过盈量和套装环数与飞轮的初终应力和相关临界转速有密切的关系。

杜仲抗真菌蛋白晶体生长的原子力显微成像研究——快速生长与晶面生长速率

杜仲抗真菌蛋白(Eucommiaantifungalprotein,EAFP)的单晶体具有在几小时内就可长大的快速生长特性.用原子力显微成像(atomicforcemicroscope,AFM)技术,原位实时观测了EAFP单斜晶体生长过程中的｛10 0｝表面形貌动态变化,并分别在不同的过饱和度下测量了其生长速率.结果表明,EAFP晶体生长的速率与蛋白质溶液的过饱和度相关,在过饱和度高时(σ =1 78)晶面生长极快;在中等过饱和度(σ =1 5)下,其晶面台阶的生长速率沿b,c方向分别为 12nm/s和 2 4 2nm/s,比溶菌酶生长速率(6～ 7nm/s)快很多;在蛋白质浓度很低的情况下,其生长速率仍与其他蛋白质相当.EAFP晶体快速生长可能与该分子尺寸较小,内部结构紧凑,分子骨架呈刚性和分子表面性质等其固有特性密切相关.沉淀剂浓度对EAFP晶体生长也有影响.过饱和度很低时,提高沉淀剂浓度会干扰晶体生长.

The Characteristics of Semi-Cokes --The Solid Residues from Coal Partial Gasification

In this paper the proximate analysis and ultimate analysis of sulfur in different semi-cokes generated from Rizhao bituminous coal and Beijing anthracite under different temperatures is done. Also the tendency of the contents of volatile, ash, fixed carbon and sulfur in different semi-cokes along with the different preparation temperatures is studied. Then the combustion experiment of semi-cokes in the drop-tube furnace system was carried out, and the kinetic parameters of different semi-cokes ware calculated.

Investigation of High-Speed Combustible Gas Ignited by a Hot Gas Jet Produced in the Shock Tube

The high-speed combustible gas ignited by a hot gas jet, which is induced by shock focusing, was experimentally investigated. By use of the separation mode of shock tube, the test section of a single shock tube is split into two parts, which provide the high-speed flow of combustible gas and pilot flame of hot gas jet, respectively. In the interface of two parts of test sections the flame of jet was formed and spread to the high-speed combustible gas. Two kinds of the ignitions, 3-D "line-flame ignition" and 2-D "plane-flame ignition", were investigated. In the condition of 3-D "line-flame ignition" of combustion, thicker hot gas jet than pure air jet, was observed in schlieren photos. In the condition of 2-D "plane-flame ignition" of combustion, the delay time of ignition and the angle of flame front in schlieren photos were measured, from which the velocity of flame propagation in the high-speed combustible gas is estimated in the range of 30-90m/s and the delay time of ignition is estimated in the range of 0.12-0.29ms.

Propagation of Explosion Wave in Hard-Soft-Hard Layered Media

The paper presents a reasonable analysis for dynamic response and failure process of a plane multi-layered media, which are subjected to a blast loading. This blast loading is induced by a cylindric explosive put on the center of top surface of the layered media. With the help of numerical simulation technique provided by LS-DYNA software, the whole process of explosion wave propagation and attenuation can be revealed. The feature of local failure around the blasting site is also discussed in some detail. Our focus will be on the explosion wave attenuation for the hard-soft-hard sandwich layers. As seen in the paper, the computational results are delivered in a feasible way by comparing with experimental data.

Serrated Plastic Flow During Nanoindentation in Nd-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

The microstructure of Nd_{60}Al_{10}Ni_{10}Cu_{20-x}Fex (x = 0, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20) alloys can change from homogeneous phase to a composite structure consisting of amorphous phase plus clusters or nanocrystals by adjusting the Fe content. The effect of microstructure on the plastic deformation behavior in this alloy system is studied by using nanoindentation. The alloys with homogeneous amorphous structure exhibit pronounced flow serrations during the loading process of nanoindentation. The addition of Fe changes the plastic deformation behavior remarkablely. No flow serration is observed in the alloys with high Fe content for the indentation depth of 500 nm. The mechanism for the change of plastic serrated flow behavior is discussed.