Foreign investment in Mexico after economic reform

Includes bibliography

Bridging infrastructural gaps in Central America: prospects and potential for maritime transport

Includes bibliography

Is the environmental policies procedures a barrier to development of inland navigation and port management? A case of study in Brazil

The main objective of this article is to discuss the Brazilian environmental legislation and policies towards the development of navigation and port management. The research illustrated some difficulties faced by the country and make suggestions to overcome it. The construction of the environmental legal framework began in the early 1960s and resulted in a very complex system, as a consequence of policies adopted by the country. Nowadays Brazilian environmental policies are developed in democratic and participative way, although with elevated degree of bureaucracy and lack of integration among the several governmental agencies, which makes the approval of environmental certifications demand several years for new port projects or improvements, which delays the economic development of the country. Efforts have been made to simplify the licensing process. As result of this research two flowchart for environmental licenses of ports installation are shown: The first shows the process until 2009 and the second shows the process nowadays. This become an important issue due the fact that inland navigation is one of the less pollutant modes of transportation, and although, the process of environmental certification was simplified, if compare with 2009, it is still complex and time-consuming, delaying the development of the infrastructure. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Port privatization, labour reform and social equity

Includes bibliography

An analysis of maritime transport and its costs for the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Modernización portuaria: una pirámide de desafíos entrelazados

Modernización portuaria: una pirámide de desafíos entrelazados. Así se titula curso presentado por la Unidad de Transporte de la CEPAL en una serie de países en cuatro continentes, con la participación de autoridades ministeriales y portuarias, transportistas, exportadores, importadores y sindicalistas.

El impacto de los cambios estructurales sobre el transporte marítimo en los puertos caribeños

Esta edición del Boletín FAL aborda el transporte marítimo en el Caribe y se concentra en los cambios estructurales en las líneas navieras y su impacto en los puertos y el transbordo en el Caribe.Este artículo ha sido preparado por Gustaaf de Monie de Policy Research Corporation N.V., Amberes, Bélgica, y se basa en el estudio titulado "Caribbean Ports Scan", que próximamente será publicado por Policy Research Corporation (Fax +32-3 286 9496). Las opiniones expresadas en este artículo son del autor y pueden necesariamente no coincidir con las de la CEPAL. El principal propósito de esta edición es estimular un debate constructivo y enriquecedor.

Port-rail integration: challenges and opportunities for Latin America

This issue of FAL Bulletin analyses the role of good modal integration between port facilities and the rail network to ensure port competitiveness.

Integración puerto ferrocarril: Desafíos y oportunidades para América Latina

El presente boletín FAL, analiza el papel que una buena integración modal entre los recintos portuarios y el ferrocarril tiene en la competitividad portuaria.

The Maritime Cycle and Industrial Trends in Latin America

This issue of the FAL Bulletin provides information on trends in current maritime transport and their implications for Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as some consequences for the ports in the region. This article updates some of the information contained in Recursos naturales e infraestructura series, No. 82 (ECLAC). This issue is based on a paper prepared by Ricardo J. Sánchez, Division of Natural Resources and Infrastructure, with the collaboration of Myriam Echeverría, Division of International Trade and Integration.

The economic costs associated with landlocked status

Two Latin American republics, Bolivia and Paraguay, lack sovereign access to ocean ports. Their landlocked status effectively forces them to export and import products through borders with neighbouring countries; for this purpose, they frequently use land transport modes which are intrinsically more costly than ocean transport. However, being distant from ocean ports is an attribute not only of landlocked countries; but also of states or provinces, such as Mato Grosso, in Brazil, or Tucumán, in Argentina, which belong to countries with direct access to the sea. If perfect political and economic integration were to be achieved in the region, the distances and topographic accidents between points such as La Paz, Bolivia, and Arica, Chile, or Asunción, Paraguay and Paranaguá, Brazil, would remain unchanged. What would disappear would be the delays at border crossings and their related costs. For the two landlocked countries, border expenses, although significant, are a relatively small fraction of the cost of the land segments of international transport. More important for these countries, are the dependency of infrastructure services and the institutional framework of the transit countries for the transport of their external trade.

Port state control in the Caribbean

This edition of the FAL Bulletin describes and analyses the control of ships at ports - the so-called "Port State Control" - in the Caribbean. It is based on a text supplied by Mr. Curtis A. Roach, Regional Maritime Safety Advisor, CARICOM.

A hidrovia Tietê-Paraná e a intermodalidade no Estado de São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Concentration in liner shipping

Containerization, telecommunication, globalization and privatization are among the most important recent trends that have affected shipping. Concentration is another trend which is expected to have a major impact. This refers to the increasing control in the hands of a small number of companies who hold an increasing market share. Although at first this process may be associated with dominant positions and abuse of monopoly power, in reality, the advantages for the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean should by far outweigh the disadvantages. This edition of the FAL Bulletin presents some of the findings of a recent study prepared by the ECLAC Transport Unit, entitled, Concentration in liner shipping - its causes and impacts for ports and shipping services in developing regions, LC/G.2027 , August 1998.

Port modernization: a pyramid of interrelated challenges

This is the name of the course presented by ECLAC's Transport Unit in range of countries in four continents for ministerial and port authorities, transport companies, exporters, importers and trade unions.