750 resultados para informal and formal teaching


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En este trabajo investigamos la Metodología de la enseñanza como asignatura y como habilidad del desempeño profesional en la formación inicial de los profesores en la Sección Pedagógica entre 1906 y 1914, y en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación entre 1914 y 1920, ambas en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Dicha formación se gestó y desarrolló en el marco de un proyecto fundacional integral para nuestra Universidad. Estudiamos desde una perspectiva curricular la formación inicial de los profesores, es decir, aquella instancia institucional y formal de preparación para el ejercicio de la docencia. Aparecen en un segundo plano de importancia referencias al ejercicio profesional en tanto algunas prescripciones pedagógicas y didácticas resultaban también recomendadas para los docentes ya recibidos. Recurrimos al análisis de documentos. Tomamos como universo de análisis las Revistas Archivos de Pedagogía y Ciencias Afines y Archivos de Ciencias de la Educación que, en tanto órgano de difusión de las instituciones mencionadas, nos aportaron valiosos elementos para la reconstrucción de los trayectos formativos de los profesorados y para conocer ciertas características generales adjudicadas a la Metodología de la enseñanza. También utilizamos escritos de Víctor Mercante y otros de Joaquín V. González, quienes fueron referentes claves en la concreción de la formación de docentes en nuestra Universidad. Visualizamos la presencia de un sustento positivista tiñendo diferentes dimensiones formativas: la secuencia y organización de las asignaturas del curriculum, en las que predominaría una supremacía de la teoría sobre la práctica; la exigencia de complementar las lecciones teóricas con instancias de observación y experimentación; las constantes y dominantes manifestaciones sobre la principalidad de la ciencia. Además, a partir del estudio de los programas de "Metodología general" y "Metodología especial" como asignaturas del curriculum, y de la concepción de Mercante sobre éstas, pudimos inferir una confianza depositada en que un buen uso de la Metodología de la enseñanza facilitaría un desempeño profesional eficaz. En el interjuego permanente entre el marco conceptual-referencial y el material empírico, construimos dos ejes a partir de los cuales analizar esa Metodología de enseñanza. El primero es de carácter curricular e incluye, por un lado, entenderla como asignatura del curriculum de la formación de profesores y, por el otro, como una habilidad profesional conformando parte de las intencionalidades formativas de éste. El segundo eje se arma entendiendo a la Metodología de enseñanza como una habilidad del profesional docente que facilita el desempeño en el aula, y a esta habilidad como un lugar reservado para la normatividad del saber pedagógico. Esta mirada histórica sobre los orígenes de la formación docente en nuestra Casa de Estudios, pretende aportar elementos para la reflexión curricular actual sobre la formación de formadores. A su vez, en un segundo plano, nos interesa destacar la presencia y características de un espacio de normatividad/prescripción propio del saber pedagógico de la época. En los debates didácticos actuales, cobra relevancia la conformación de ese componente normativo/prescriptivo, por lo que consideramos que la perspectiva de estudio aquí propuesta nos aporta elementos para enriquecer la reflexión.

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En este trabajo investigamos la Metodología de la enseñanza como asignatura y como habilidad del desempeño profesional en la formación inicial de los profesores en la Sección Pedagógica entre 1906 y 1914, y en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación entre 1914 y 1920, ambas en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Dicha formación se gestó y desarrolló en el marco de un proyecto fundacional integral para nuestra Universidad. Estudiamos desde una perspectiva curricular la formación inicial de los profesores, es decir, aquella instancia institucional y formal de preparación para el ejercicio de la docencia. Aparecen en un segundo plano de importancia referencias al ejercicio profesional en tanto algunas prescripciones pedagógicas y didácticas resultaban también recomendadas para los docentes ya recibidos. Recurrimos al análisis de documentos. Tomamos como universo de análisis las Revistas Archivos de Pedagogía y Ciencias Afines y Archivos de Ciencias de la Educación que, en tanto órgano de difusión de las instituciones mencionadas, nos aportaron valiosos elementos para la reconstrucción de los trayectos formativos de los profesorados y para conocer ciertas características generales adjudicadas a la Metodología de la enseñanza. También utilizamos escritos de Víctor Mercante y otros de Joaquín V. González, quienes fueron referentes claves en la concreción de la formación de docentes en nuestra Universidad. Visualizamos la presencia de un sustento positivista tiñendo diferentes dimensiones formativas: la secuencia y organización de las asignaturas del curriculum, en las que predominaría una supremacía de la teoría sobre la práctica; la exigencia de complementar las lecciones teóricas con instancias de observación y experimentación; las constantes y dominantes manifestaciones sobre la principalidad de la ciencia. Además, a partir del estudio de los programas de "Metodología general" y "Metodología especial" como asignaturas del curriculum, y de la concepción de Mercante sobre éstas, pudimos inferir una confianza depositada en que un buen uso de la Metodología de la enseñanza facilitaría un desempeño profesional eficaz. En el interjuego permanente entre el marco conceptual-referencial y el material empírico, construimos dos ejes a partir de los cuales analizar esa Metodología de enseñanza. El primero es de carácter curricular e incluye, por un lado, entenderla como asignatura del curriculum de la formación de profesores y, por el otro, como una habilidad profesional conformando parte de las intencionalidades formativas de éste. El segundo eje se arma entendiendo a la Metodología de enseñanza como una habilidad del profesional docente que facilita el desempeño en el aula, y a esta habilidad como un lugar reservado para la normatividad del saber pedagógico. Esta mirada histórica sobre los orígenes de la formación docente en nuestra Casa de Estudios, pretende aportar elementos para la reflexión curricular actual sobre la formación de formadores. A su vez, en un segundo plano, nos interesa destacar la presencia y características de un espacio de normatividad/prescripción propio del saber pedagógico de la época. En los debates didácticos actuales, cobra relevancia la conformación de ese componente normativo/prescriptivo, por lo que consideramos que la perspectiva de estudio aquí propuesta nos aporta elementos para enriquecer la reflexión.

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La presente investigación se realiza sobre la política pública: la Feria de Emprendedores de la Economía Social de la ciudad de La Plata, implementada a través de la Dirección General de la Economía Social, durante el periodo 2011. En este trabajo se pretende analizar cuales son sus alcances, objetivos, metodología y describir cómo funciona. Pero especialmente, se centra en el curso de formación emprendedora que tuvo como objetivo que los artesanos adquieran las habilidades de la actividad comercial y de esta manera pasen de la actividad informal a la formal. Se realiza una evaluación final, que consiste en analizar la implementación de la misma, sus resultados y formular recomendaciones para ajustar la acción presente y mejorar la acción futura

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En este trabajo investigamos la Metodología de la enseñanza como asignatura y como habilidad del desempeño profesional en la formación inicial de los profesores en la Sección Pedagógica entre 1906 y 1914, y en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación entre 1914 y 1920, ambas en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Dicha formación se gestó y desarrolló en el marco de un proyecto fundacional integral para nuestra Universidad. Estudiamos desde una perspectiva curricular la formación inicial de los profesores, es decir, aquella instancia institucional y formal de preparación para el ejercicio de la docencia. Aparecen en un segundo plano de importancia referencias al ejercicio profesional en tanto algunas prescripciones pedagógicas y didácticas resultaban también recomendadas para los docentes ya recibidos. Recurrimos al análisis de documentos. Tomamos como universo de análisis las Revistas Archivos de Pedagogía y Ciencias Afines y Archivos de Ciencias de la Educación que, en tanto órgano de difusión de las instituciones mencionadas, nos aportaron valiosos elementos para la reconstrucción de los trayectos formativos de los profesorados y para conocer ciertas características generales adjudicadas a la Metodología de la enseñanza. También utilizamos escritos de Víctor Mercante y otros de Joaquín V. González, quienes fueron referentes claves en la concreción de la formación de docentes en nuestra Universidad. Visualizamos la presencia de un sustento positivista tiñendo diferentes dimensiones formativas: la secuencia y organización de las asignaturas del curriculum, en las que predominaría una supremacía de la teoría sobre la práctica; la exigencia de complementar las lecciones teóricas con instancias de observación y experimentación; las constantes y dominantes manifestaciones sobre la principalidad de la ciencia. Además, a partir del estudio de los programas de "Metodología general" y "Metodología especial" como asignaturas del curriculum, y de la concepción de Mercante sobre éstas, pudimos inferir una confianza depositada en que un buen uso de la Metodología de la enseñanza facilitaría un desempeño profesional eficaz. En el interjuego permanente entre el marco conceptual-referencial y el material empírico, construimos dos ejes a partir de los cuales analizar esa Metodología de enseñanza. El primero es de carácter curricular e incluye, por un lado, entenderla como asignatura del curriculum de la formación de profesores y, por el otro, como una habilidad profesional conformando parte de las intencionalidades formativas de éste. El segundo eje se arma entendiendo a la Metodología de enseñanza como una habilidad del profesional docente que facilita el desempeño en el aula, y a esta habilidad como un lugar reservado para la normatividad del saber pedagógico. Esta mirada histórica sobre los orígenes de la formación docente en nuestra Casa de Estudios, pretende aportar elementos para la reflexión curricular actual sobre la formación de formadores. A su vez, en un segundo plano, nos interesa destacar la presencia y características de un espacio de normatividad/prescripción propio del saber pedagógico de la época. En los debates didácticos actuales, cobra relevancia la conformación de ese componente normativo/prescriptivo, por lo que consideramos que la perspectiva de estudio aquí propuesta nos aporta elementos para enriquecer la reflexión.

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La presente investigación se realiza sobre la política pública: la Feria de Emprendedores de la Economía Social de la ciudad de La Plata, implementada a través de la Dirección General de la Economía Social, durante el periodo 2011. En este trabajo se pretende analizar cuales son sus alcances, objetivos, metodología y describir cómo funciona. Pero especialmente, se centra en el curso de formación emprendedora que tuvo como objetivo que los artesanos adquieran las habilidades de la actividad comercial y de esta manera pasen de la actividad informal a la formal. Se realiza una evaluación final, que consiste en analizar la implementación de la misma, sus resultados y formular recomendaciones para ajustar la acción presente y mejorar la acción futura

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Two sites in the Labrador Sea and one site in Baffin Bay were drilled during Leg 105. Radiolarians were recovered at all three sites, although at Site 645 (Baffin Bay), radiolarians were present in useful numbers only in the mudline sample. Radiolarians of late Neogene age were recovered at Site 646 south of Greenland, while early Oligocene and early Miocene radiolarians were recovered from the Labrador Sea at Site 647. In Site 646, radiolarian and other coarse-fraction abundances vary dramatically from sample to sample and may reflect deep-water depositional processes as well as changes in surface-water conditions. Site 647 siliceous microfossils reach their peak abundance and preservation in Core 105-647A-25R and decline gradually upward into the lower Miocene (Cores 105-647A-13R and -14R). Siliceous microfossil abundances in counts of the > 38-µm Carbonate-free coarse fraction from the siliceous interval are correlated to each other, but not to the abundance of nonbiogenic coarse-fraction components. Radiolarian abundances in specimens per gram (but not diatom abundances) are correlated to bulk opal concentration and to the organic carbon content of the sediment. The abundance of radiolarians and other siliceous microfossils within the lower Oligocene to lower Miocene is interpreted as reflecting changes in surface-water productivity. With only a few exceptions, no stratigraphic indicator species were seen in samples from either Site 646 or Site 647. The absence of both tropical/subtropical and Norwegian-Greenland Sea stratigraphic forms is due to the dominance of subarctic North Atlantic taxa in Leg 105 assemblages. The early Oligocene and early Miocene assemblages recovered at Site 647 are of particular interest, as very little material of these ages has previously been recovered from the subarctic North Atlantic region, and virtually no descriptive work has been conducted on the more endemic components of the radiolarian assemblages from these time intervals. Thus, this report concentrates on providing, at least in part, the first comprehensive documentation of early Oligocene and early Miocene radiolarians from the subarctic North Atlantic, with emphasis on basic descriptions, measurements, and photographic documentation. However, synonymic work and formal designation of new species names has been deferred until additional material from other regions can be examined. The sole exception is the emendation of Theocalyptra tetracantha Bjorklund and Kellogg 1972 to Cycladophora tetracantha n. comb.

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Survey Engineering curricula involves the integration of many formal disciplines at a high level of proficiency. The Escuela de Ingenieros en Topografía, Cartografía y Geodesia at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Survey Engineering) has developed an intense and deep teaching on so-called Applied Land Sciences and Technologies or Land Engineering. However, new approaches are encouraged by the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). This fact requires a review of traditional teaching and methods. Furthermore, the new globalization and international approach gives new ways to this discipline to teach and learn about how to bridge gap between cultures and regions. This work is based in two main needs. On one hand, it is based on integration of basic knowledge and disciplines involved in typical Survey Engineering within Land Management. On the other, there is an urgent need to consider territory on a social and ethical basis, as far as a part of the society, culture, idiosyncrasy or economy. The integration of appropriate knowledge of the Land Management is typically dominated by civil engineers and urban planners. It would be very possible to integrate Survey Engineering and Cooperation for Development in the framework of Land Management disciplines. Cooperation for Development is a concept that has changed since beginning of its use until now. Development projects leave an impact on society in response to their beneficiaries and are directed towards self-sustainability. Furthermore, it is the true bridge to reduce gap between societies when differences are immeasurable. The concept of development has also been changing and nowadays it is not a purely economic concept. Education, science and technology are increasingly taking a larger role in what is meant by development. Moreover, it is commonly accepted that Universities should transfer knowledge to society, and the transfer of knowledge should be open to countries most in need for developing. If the importance of the country development is given by education, science and technology, knowledge transfer would be one of the most clear of ways of Cooperation for Development. Therefore, university cooperation is one of the most powerful tools to achieve it, placing universities as agents of development. In Spain, the role of universities as agents of development and cooperation has been largely strengthened. All about this work deals to how to implement both Cooperation for Development and Land Management within Survey Engineering at the EHEA framework.

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We studied the situation in Spanish public universities regarding the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), as an instrument of control and strategic management. Also, we studied its application to the School of Mines and Energy at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. The main advantage of the BSC is that improves the organizational structure of the workplace and the achievement of the objectives that ensure long-term success. First we review the strategy for success used in the Spanish educational system and specifically in the Spanish public universities. Then using the BSC and applying the main strategic lines for the successful management of the School of Mines and Energy at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. The strategic lines affect all the college groups and the success of the BSC tool is to increase communication between the faculties, personal auxiliary, students and society in general that make up the university. First we performed a SWOT analysis (DAFO in Spanish) there are proposed different perspectives that focus the long-term strategic objectives. The BSC is designed based on the strategic objectives that set the direction through using indicators and initiatives, the goals are achieved up to the programmed schedule. In the perspective of teaching, objectives are set to update facilities and increase partnerships with other universities and businesses, encouraging ongoing training of staff and improved coordination and internal communication. The internal process perspective aims at improving the marketing, the promotion of the international dimension of the school through strategic alliances, better mobility for students and professors and improved teaching and research quality results. It continues with improving the image of the school between customer?s perspective, the quality perceived by students and the loyalty of the teaching staff by retaining talent. Finally, the financial perspective which should contain costs without harming the quality, improving the employability of students and achieve relevant jobs at teaching and research through international measurement standards.

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This study explored the connection between social support and self-advocacy in college students with disabilities. The College Students with Disabilities Campus Climate Survey (Lombardi, Gerdes, & Murray, 2011) was used to gather data from undergraduate students at a midsize western private university. Social support was found to be a significant predictor of self-advocacy in college students with disabilities. Peer support, family support, and faculty teaching practices made up the construct of social support. Peer support and faculty teaching practices were found to be significant predictors of student self-advocacy. Family support was not found to be significant. The data was examined for group differences between genders, disability types, and disability status (high incidence disabilities versus low incidence disabilities). No significant group differences were found. These findings suggest helping students build social support will increase their level of self-advocacy, which in turn may increase academic success.

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Virtual and remote laboratories(VRLs) are e-learning resources which enhance the accessibility of experimental setups providing a distance teaching framework which meets the student's hands-on learning needs. In addition, online collaborative communication represents a practical and a constructivist method to transmit the knowledge and experience from the teacher to students, overcoming physical distance and isolation. Thus, the integration of learning environments in the form of VRLs inside collaborative learning spaces is strongly desired. Considering these facts, the authors of this document present an original approach which enables user to share practical experiences while they work collaboratively through the Internet. This practical experimentation is based on VRLs, which have been integrated inside a synchronous collaborative e-learning framework. This article describes the main features of this system and its successful application for science and engineering subjects.

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The subject of Construction of Structures I studies, from a constructive point of view and taking into account current legislation, reinforced concrete structures used in buildings, through the acquisition of knowledge and construction criteria required in the profession of a Technical Architect. The contents acquired in this course are essential for further professional development of technicians and are closely related to many of the subjects taught in the same or other courses of the Degree in Technical Architecture at the University of Alicante. The aim of this paper is to present, analyze and discuss the development of a new methodology proposed in the mentioned subject, as it supposed an important change in the traditional way of teaching Construction and Structures I. In order to incorporate new teaching tools in 2013-2014, the course has been implemented by using a Moodle software tool to promote blended learning with online exercises. Our Moodle community allows collaborative work within an open-source platform where teachers and students share a new and personalized learning environment. Students are easily used to the interface and the platform, value the constant connection with teachers or other fellows and completely agree with the possibility of making questions or share documents 24 hours a day. The proposed methodology consists of lectures and practical classes. In the lectures, the basics of each topic are discussed; class attendance, daily study and conducting scheduled exercises are indispensable. Practical classes allow to consolidate the knowledge gained in theory classes by solving professional exercises and actual construction problems related to structures, that shall be compulsorily delivered online. So, after the correction of the teacher and the subsequent feedback of students, practical exercises ensure lifelong learning of the student, who can download any kind of material at any time (constructive details, practical exercises and even corrected exams). Regarding the general evaluation system, goals achievement is assessed on an ongoing basis (65% of the final mark) along the course through written and graphic evidences in person and online, as well as a individual development of a workbook. In all cases, the acquisition of skills, the ability to synthesize, the capacity of logical and critical thinking are assessed. The other 35 % of the mark is evaluated by a complementary graphic exam. Participation in the computing platform is essential and the student is required to do and present, at least 90% of the practices proposed. Those who do not comply with the practices in each specific date could not be assessed continuously and may only choose the final exam. In conclusion, the subject of Construction of Structures I is essential in the development of the regulated profession of Technical Architect as they are considered, among other professional profiles, as specialists in construction of building structures. The use of a new communication platform and online teaching allows the acquisition of knowledge and constructive approaches in a continuous way, with a more direct and personal monitoring by the teacher that has been highly appreciated by almost 100% of the students. Ultimately, it is important to say that the use of Moodle in this subject is a very interesting tool, which was really well welcome by students in one of the densest and important subjects of the Degree of Technical Architecture.

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The implantation of the new Architecture Degree and the important normative changes in the building sector imply the need to use new teaching methodologies that enhance skills and competences in order to response to the increasing requirements demanded by society to the future architect. The aim of this paper is to present, analyze and discuss the development of multidisciplinary workshops as a new teaching methodology used in several Construction subjects of the Architecture Degree in the University of Alicante. Workshops conceived with the aim to synthesize and complement the technical knowledge acquired by the students during the Degree and to enhance the skills and competencies necessary for the professional practice. With that purpose, we decided to experiment on current subjects of the degree during this academic year, by applying the requirements defined in the future Architecture Degree in a practical way, through workshops between different subjects, superposing the technical knowledge with the resolution of constructive problems in the development of an architectural project. Developing these workshops between subjects we can dissolve the traditional boundaries between different areas of the Degree. This multidisciplinary workshop methodology allows the use of all the global knowledge acquired by students during their studies and at the same time, it enhances students’ ability to communicate and discuss their ideas and solutions in public. It also increases their capacity of self-criticism, and it foments their ability to undertake learning strategies and research in an autonomous way. The used methodology is based on the development of a practical work common to several subjects of different knowledge areas within the "Technology Block" of the future Architecture Degree. Thus, students work approaching the problem in a global way discussing simultaneously with teachers from different areas. By using these new workshops we stimulate an interactive class versus a traditional lecture. Work is evaluated continuously, valuing the participative pupil´s attitude, working in groups in class time, reaching weekly objectives and stimulating the individual responsibility and positive interdependence of the pupil inside the working group. The exercises are designed to improve students’ ability to transmit their ideas and solutions in public, knowing how to discuss and defend their technical resolutions to peers and teachers (Peer Reviewing), their capacity for self-criticism and their capacity to undertake strategies and autonomous learning processes at the same time they develop a personal research into new technologies, systems and materials. Students have shown their majority preference for this teaching methodology by the multidisciplinary workshops offered in the last years, with very satisfactory academic results. In conclusion, it can be verified nowadays the viability of the introduction of new contents and new teaching methodologies necessary for the acquisition of the skills in the future Architecture Degree, through workshops between several subjects that have had a great acceptance in students and positive contrasted academic results.

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En este artículo se analiza el grado de coherencia entre el discurso legal, teórico y formal acerca de la gestión de la diversidad y la realidad de las prácticas pedagógicas en las instituciones educativas formales. Con este fin se aborda una revisión teórica de las distintas leyes educativas, de los discursos del profesorado y de las prácticas pedagógicas a partir de investigaciones precedentes. El principal resultado apunta a la existencia de algunas contradicciones: el concepto de asimilación cultural al mismo tiempo que se desprecia, tanto en la legislación educativa como en el discurso explícito y consciente del profesorado, acaba siendo el adoptado en la mayoría de las prácticas educativas. Este hallazgo conduce a algunas conclusiones respecto a la necesidad de repensar y redefinir el concepto de asimilación cultural desde la perspectiva de la igualdad y de una concepción crítica de la etnicidad y de la identidad.

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The aim of this research paper is to analyse the key political posters made for the campaigns of Irish political party Fianna Fáil framed in the Celtic Tiger (1997-2008) and post-Celtic Tiger years (2009-2012). I will then focus on the four posters of the candidate in the elections that took place in 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2011 with the intention of observing first how the leader is represented, and later on pinpointing the similarities and possible differences between each. This is important in order to observe the main linguistic and visual strategies used to persuade the audience to vote that party and to highlight the power of the politician. Critical discourse analysis tools will be helpful to identify the main discursive strategies employed to persuade the Irish population to vote in a certain direction. Van Leeuwen’s (2008) social actor theory will facilitate the understanding of how participants are represented in the corpus under analysis. Finally, the main tools of Kress and van Leeuwen’s visual grammar (2006) will be applied for the analysis of the images. The study reveals that politicians are represented in a consistently positive way, with status and formal appearance so that people are persuaded to vote for the party they represent because they trust them as political leaders. The study, thus, points out that the poster is a powerful tool used in election campaigns to highlight the power of political parties.