Preservação do patrimônio arqueológico: reflexões através do registro e transferência da informação

O presente trabalho pretende discutir a relação entre informação e arqueologia dentro da esfera do registro e recuperação da informação, em especial relacionada às ações de preservação deste patrimônio em particular. Considerando que a ação de preservação, para sua efetividade, além da instância legal, deve partir da publicização das informações produzidas no meio acadêmico junto às comunidades de entorno deste patrimônio, aproximando estes registros da cotidianidade dos grupos que os cercam, como pode ser visto no Piauí, em função do Parque da Serra da Capivara. Para tanto, deve-se considerar as relações que memória e identidade estabelecem, de um ponto de vista representacional, de base semiótica, através da mediação da cultura material, que é o objeto de estudo da arqueologia.

Title IIIB Legal Assistance Activity Report for SFY 2013, December 30, 2013

This report is prepared from data submitted by the Title IIIB providers and Area Agencies on Aging.

Citizen participation and the Lisbon Treaty : A legal perspective

How to "bring the [European] Union closer to its citizens" is a vexed and vital problem of European integration. Article 11 TEU on participatory democracy, recently introduced by the Lisbon Treaty, is meant to be part of the solution. The EU Economic and Social Committee has gone so far as to define this provision "a milestone on the road to a people's Europe that is real and feasible". This appears to be an overly optimistic assessment - partly because art. 11 relies heavily on the involvement of civil society organisations, which political science literature suggests is conceptually and/or practically irrelevant to citizen involvement; partly because it largely formalizes participatory practices that have been in existence for years without cognizable effects on citizen participation; and partly because even its most innovative element - the European citizens' initiative (ECI) - does not bring significant changes to the Union's constitutional arrangements in terms of redistributing decision-making power. In addition to that, secondary legislation places significant hurdles on the submission of ECIs and might prevent or delay their becoming a standard democratic practice. This is not to say that art. 11 TEU has no potential at all. Its insertion in the Treaty might provide impetus to rethink and develop past participatory practices, such as horizontal civil dialogue. Moreover, the effects of "popular input" in the form of ECIs on EU institutional dynamics is as yet unknown - and perhaps not negligible, to judge from the keen interest that the European Parliament and other bodies have demonstrated in "appropriating" it as a political asset. Finally, art. 11 raises the stakes of the Union's democratic challenge and might pressure EU institutions to make full use of its potential. Or, if eventually proved inadequate, art. 11 might constitute a constitutional experiment on the way to meaningful forms of direct democracy at EU level.

El mapa topográfico del Protectorado de Marruecos en su contexto político e institucional (1923-1940)

Durante los años veinte, tras una profunda reorganización de los servicios cartográficos del Estado, la dictadura de Primo de Rivera encargó al Depósito de la Guerra la formación de un mapa topográfico del Protectorado español de Marruecos a escala 1:50. 000. El levantamiento de la carta marroquí se realizó simultáneamente a otras operaciones cartográficas en las islas Canarias, el norte de África y la Península. Este artículo estudia la formación del mapa de Marruecos, prestando especial atención a su contexto geopolítico e institucional. La carta marroquí abrió una nueva etapa en la militarización de la cartografía topográfica española. La consulta de fuentes archivísticas ha permitido reconstruir la trayectoria profesional de sus artífices.

Iowa Legal Assistance Program Best Practices, 2009

Legal problems faced by older Iowans are often more critical than those problems faced by any other segment of our population. Older Iowans in poverty are less likely to seek the assistance of an attorney. Often, it is either because they do not have cash resources to pay for services or they do not realize that they have a “legal problem.” The Older Americans Act of 1965 (hereafter, OAA) as amended, which primarily funds the Legal Assistance Program, requires that states have the capacity to improve the quality and quantity of legal programs for older individuals. These Legal Assistance Program Best Practices are meant to provide guidance to providers in the area of priority casework, coordination and collaboration to ensure cohesiveness and uniformity throughout the state’s legal assistance programs. Additionally, Congress mandates that states improve the quality of their Title III-B legal programs. One proven way to ensure a quality program is to have in place best practices to define expectations for not only the legal assistance program provider, but for the state unit on aging (the Iowa Department on Aging) and the area agencies on aging as well. These legal assistance program best practices may be amended from time to time to reflect the change in the legal needs of older Iowans as well as the mandates under the OAA, Iowa Department on Aging (hereafter, department) policy and other governing state and federal laws and regulations.

Lo “sobrenatural” se une al debate- las conexiones entre la política y la religiosidad en el caso

En el norte de Brasil, en el Estado de Maranhao, municipio de Codó, las relaciones nacidas en el campo de la religiosidad se ven reflejadas en el ámbito político y económico. Esta región, constituida en su mayoría por la población afrodescendiente, elaboró su manera propia de construir su vida social en el medio que se da a través del contacto con unos seres invisibles, llamados encantados. El nombre de culto practicado en la zona es Terecô y suele ser clasificado com una religiosidad afrobrasileña. Los practicantes de Terecò sufrían represalias por parte de las autoridades hasta la década de los 80 del siglo XX. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas, el Terecô empezó ganar más visibilidad política y cumplir su papel propio en la lucha por los derechos ciudadanos de la población negra del municipio. Al mismo tiempo, las estructuras de poder fueron aprovechándose de esta conyuntura, estableciendo relaciones de proximidad con los principales líderes religiosos. El trabajo de campo se realiza en la zona rural del municipio de Codó, donde sin embargo existe una estrecha relación con el entorno urbano. Pasando desde la problemática de la construcción territorial y del grupo social por el proceso de cambios socioeconómicos, se quiere vislumbrar la importancia de los vínculos entre la religiosidad y la política en mantener el statu quo encontrado.

Las comunicaciones intestatales ante órganos judiciales o cuasi-judiciales de garantía de los derechos humanos: ¿un mecanismo útil en situaciones de crisis?

[spa] Como expresión de la naturaleza erga omnes de las obligaciones jurídicas relativas a la protección de derechos humanos, muchos tratados de derechos humanos que establecen órganos de expertos permiten a los Estados Parte presentar quejas ante dichos órganos contra otras Partes que no observan las obligaciones convencionales. Tales quejas interestatales son un mecanismo híbrido que busca controlar la aplicación del tratado, solucionar las controversias entre Estados Parte y/o prevenir esas controversias. En la práctica, no obstante, las quejas interestatales se interponen en raras ocasiones, principalmente por causa de su alto componente político, que hace que sean vistas como un acto inamistoso. Pese a este escaso uso, llama la atención que la mayoría de quejas interestatales presentadas hasta la fecha se hayan referido a situaciones excepcionales calificables de"crisis", lo que parece poner de manifiesto que este mecanismo podría ser particularmente útil para hacer frente a las violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas en períodos de excepcionalidad.

Los 'Ensayos' de Montaigne como proyecto político en 'La muerte de Montaigne' de Jorge Edwards

Este trabajo estudia cómo La muerte de Montaigne, de Jorge Edwards, puede ser vista como un intento de convertir el escepticismo que caracteriza los Ensayos de Montaigne en un proyecto político de corte democrático. En la primera parte se realiza una breve historia de la recepción de la obra de Montaigne en la literatura y la política latinoamericana, mientras que en la segunda parte se analiza La muerte de Montaigne como un intento de trasplantar literaria y políticamente el escepticismo de los Ensayos a Latinoamérica.

Diseño centrado en el usuario y usabilidad en un entorno web para la iniciación en las TIC's

Elaboración de un prototipo de alto nivel a través del diseño centrado en el usuario (DCU) y la usabilidad de una página web destinada a la iniciación en las nuevas tecnologías.

Economic and legal analysis of mandatory non-recourse mortgages with applications to Spain

“The liquidity crisis of the Spanish banks is largely due to the lack of confidence of foreign investors and, therefore, the changes that occur in the legislation should not affect the credibility, stability, legal certainty, predictability that markets expect”.Sergio Nasarre (2011)In the current situation of economic crisis, many people have found they can no longer pay back the mortgage loans that were granted to them in order to purchase a dwelling. It is for this reason that, in light of the economic, political and social problems this poses, our paper studies the state of the Spanish real-estate system and of foreclosure, paying special attention to the solution that has been proposed recently as the best option for debtors that cannot make their mort-gage payments: non-recourse mortgaging. We analyze this proposal from legal and economic perspectives in order to fully understand the effects that this change could imply. At the same time, this paper will also examine several alternatives we believe would ameliorate the situation of mortgage-holders, among them legal reforms, mortgage insurance, and non-recourse mortgaging itself.

Videojuegos como un entorno de aprendizaje: el caso de "Monturiol el joc"

Video games in a learning environ-ment and their application to the educational world has become a common study between researchers because the use of videogames in the classroom is coherent with a compe-tence-based education theory. A social science approach to video-games allows an exhaustive under-standing of the video games and of the game experience in the classroom. When a video game gives to the user a high level of immersion, all his interest and energy is focused in the game, this fact together with the motivation in the video game is the basis of interest for educators and researchers in the potentiality of the video games as learning environ-ments. In this presentation, we will show and analyze the importance of the video games in an educational context, using a case study: the video game "Monturiol el joc". In the paper, we describe the video game structure, the instructional function, the practice application and the future work. Also, we discuss the impor-tance of the video games as a learning immersive environment, and we conclude our report with a brief analysis of the importance of the study of video games.

Accessing Legal Information in Catalonia. Open Acces to Legislation and Case Law

The article outlines free online legal resources to conduct research on Catalan and Spanish legislation and case-law. Most of these resources are primary sources made public by government bodies. The list shows how the Spanish and Catalan governments, in their attempt to promote equal access to legislation and case-law, cover the different jurisdictions. The text also mentions some resources to conduct historical legal research about legislation and case law, and some free legal private websites.

Molecular autopsy in sudden cardiac death and its implication for families: discussion of the practical, legal and ethical aspects of the multidisciplinary collaboration.

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major cause of premature death in young adults and children in developed countries. Standard forensic autopsy procedures are often unsuccessful in determining the cause of SCD. Post-mortem genetic testing, also called molecular autopsy, has revealed that a non-negligible number of these deaths are a result of inherited cardiac diseases, including arrhythmic disorders such as congenital long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. Due to the heritability of these diseases, the potential implications for living relatives must be taken into consideration. Advanced diagnostic analyses, genetic counselling, and interdisciplinary collaboration should be integral parts of clinical and forensic practice. In this article we present a multidisciplinary collaboration established in Lausanne, with the goal of properly informing families of these pathologies and their implications for surviving family members. In Switzerland, as in many other countries, legal guidelines for genetic testing do not address the use of molecular tools for post-mortem genetic analyses in forensic practice. In this article we present the standard practice guidelines established by our multidisciplinary team.