Modelagem e análise das cadeias de suprimentos globais e resilientes baseadas em rede de Petri.

Em um cenário de aumento de competitividade, crescente expectativa por inovações do produto e necessidade de atender diferentes perfis de consumidores, o conceito de gerenciamento de cadeias de suprimentos globais (GSCM) surge como uma estratégia para coordenar mais eficazmente as atividades dispersas geograficamente dos sistemas produtivos. Na adoção do GSCM, as organizações devem lidar com rupturas que impactam no gerenciamento das suas atividades, tais como a interrupção de vias de transporte, pane no fornecimento de energia, desastres naturais e até ataques terroristas. Nesse contexto, o trabalho introduz um procedimento sistematizado para modelagem das cadeias de suprimentos visto como um sistema a eventos discretos e sua análise por simulação das atividades do GSCM baseada em técnicas formais como a rede de Petri (PN) e o Production Flow Schema (PFS). Um exemplo é também apresentado para ilustrar e comprovar as vantagens do método proposto na análise do GSCM.

Verificación de extensiones de Redes de Petri con precios, tiempo y múltiples instancias

Las redes de Petri son un lenguaje formal muy adecuado para la modelizacíon, ańalisis y verificacíon de sistemas concurrentes con infinitos estados. En particular, son muy apropiadas para estudiar las propiedades de seguridad de dichos sistemas, dadas sus buenas propiedades de decidibilidad. Sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones las redes de Petri carecen de la expresividad necesaria para representar algunas caracteŕısticas fundamentales de los sistemas que se manejan hoy en d́ıa, como el manejo de tiempo real, costes reales, o la presencia de varios procesos con un ńumero no acotado de estados ejecut́andose en paralelo. En la literatura se han definido y estudiado algunas extensiones de las redes de Petri para la representaci ́on de las caracteŕısticas anteriores. Por ejemplo, las “Redes de Petri Temporizadas” [83, 10](TPN) incluyen el manejo de tiempo real y las ν-redes de Petri [78](ν-PN) son capaces de representar un ńumero no acotado de procesos con infinitos estados ejecut́andose concurrentemente. En esta tesis definimos varias extensiones que réunen estas dos caracteŕısticas y estudiamos sus propiedades de decidibilidad. En primer lugar definimos las “ν-Redes de Petri Temporizadas”, que réunen las caracteŕısticas expresivas de las TPN y las ν-PN. Este nuevo modelo es capaz de representar sistemas con un ńumero no acotado de procesos o instancias, donde cada proceso es representado por un nombre diferente, y tiene un ńumero no acotado de relojes reales. En este modelo un reloj de una instancia debe satisfacer ciertas condiciones (pertenecer a un intervalo dado) para formar parte en el disparo de una transicíon. Desafortunadamente, demostramos que la verificacíon de propiedades de seguridad es indecidible para este modelo...

Mechanical, thermal and colorimetric properties of LLDPE coloured with a blue nanopigment and conventional blue pigments

Purpose – This research deals with a new kind of nanopigment, obtained from the combination of organic dyes and layered nanoclays, that the authors call nanoclay-colorant pigment (NCP). Whilst they have already been employed in inks and coatings, to date these nanopigments have not been used as pigments for polymers. The existing lack of knowledge surrounding them must be redressed in order to bridge the gap between current academic studies and commercial exploitation. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to examine the hitherto unknown aspects of the NCP, which relate specifically to their applicability as a new type of colorant for polymers. Design/methodology/approach – A blue NCP has been prepared at the laboratory according to the patented method of synthesis (patent WO0104216), using methylene blue and montmorillonite nanoclay. It has then been applied to a thermoplastic polymer (linear low-density polyethylene – LLDPE) to obtain a coloured sample. Furthermore, samples with the same polymer but using conventional blue colorants have been prepared under the same processing conditions. The mechanical, thermal and colorimetric properties of these materials have been compared. Findings – The thermal stability of the sample coloured with NCP is reduced to some extent, while the mechanical strength is slightly increased. Moreover, this sample has better colour performance than the conventionally pigmented samples. Originality/value – In this paper, a blue NCP has been synthesised and successfully employed with polyethylene and the obtained sample shows better colour performance than polyethylene with conventional pigments.

Petri Artedi renovati pars I. et II. [III-V] : i.e. bibliotheca et philosophia ichthyologica / cura Iohannis Iulii Walbaumii.

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Petri Artedi renovati pars I. et II. [III-V] : i.e. bibliotheca et philosophia ichthyologica / cura Iohannis Iulii Walbaumii.

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Nova ac verissima Maris Caspii ante hac maximam fere partem nobis incogniti ac regionum adjacentium delineatio: jussu invictissimi principis Petri Alexii fil. magni Russorum imperatoris

immenso labore et maximis sumptibus facta, atque ex autographo in lucem edita per Reinerum Ottens geographum Amstelaedam ; Iacob Keyser sculp.

Global and regional financial safety nets: lessons from Europe and Asia. Bruegel Working Paper 2013/06 [07?], November 2013

The Asian financial crisis (1997) and the European crisis (2009) have both contributed to the development and deepening of regional safety net arrangements. This paper analyses the relationships between global and regional financial safety nets, and uncovers the potential tensions and operational challenges associated with the involvement of several institutional players with potentially different interests, analytical biases and governance. The G20 has acknowledged the importance of these new players for the international monetary system, but the principles for cooperation between the IMF and regional financing arrangements are far too broad and ad hoc to contribute to a coherent and effective architecture. This paper tries to establish some lessons learned from the Asian financial crisis in 1997 and the current European crisis in order to enhance the effectiveness, efficiency, equity and governance of these arrangements. In particular, it proposes changes to the IMF articles of agreement to allow for lending or guarantees to regional arrangements directly and it establishes some key desirable features and practices of regional mechanisms that should be adopted everywhere to ensure some global consistency, particularly in the field of macroeconomic surveillance, programme design and conditionality.