Modification of the industrialization model in Latin America

Esboza los trazos principales de interpretacion del proceso de industrializacion desde la decada de los anos 30 hasta el presente. Aborda el tema central de la transformacion del modelo hasta ahora predominante de industrializacion. Propone una estrategia industrial basada en el crecimiento hacia adentro, mediante la creacion de industrias de bienes de capital y de consumo masivo, la continuacion del proceso de sustitucion selectiva de importaciones, el establecimiento de criterios claros de division del trabajo dentro de la region, y la aplicacion de una politica selectiva y dinamica de insercion en los mercados de los paises centrales.

Elucidation of carbohydrate molecular interaction mechanism of recombinant and native ArtinM

The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique has been applied for monitoring the biorecognition of ArtinM lectins at low horseradish peroxidase glycoprotein (HRP) concentrations, using a simple kinetic model based on Langmuir isotherm in previous work.18 The latter approach was consistent with the data at dilute conditions but it fails to explain the small differences existing in the jArtinM and rArtinM due to ligand binding concentration limit. Here we extend this analysis to differentiate sugar-binding event of recombinant (rArtinM) and native (jArtinM) ArtinM lectins beyond dilute conditions. Equivalently, functionalized quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used as real-time label-free technique but structural-dependent kinetic features of the interaction were detailed by using combined analysis of mass and dissipation factor variation. The stated kinetic model not only was able to predict the diluted conditions but also allowed to differentiate ArtinM avidities. For instance, it was found that rArtinM avidity is higher than jArtinM avidity whereas their conformational flexibility is lower. Additionally, it was possible to monitor the hydration shell of the binding complex with ArtinM lectins under dynamic conditions. Such information is key in understanding and differentiating protein binding avidity, biological functionality, and kinetics. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

Carbohydrate use and reduction in number of balance beam falls: Implications for mental and physical fatigue

Background: Artistic Gymnastics is a sport where athletes are frequently fatigued. One element that might influence this aspect is carbohydrate, an important energy substrate for the muscles and the CNS. Our goal was to investigate the influence of fatigue over artistic gymnastics athlete's performance and the effects of a carbohydrate supplementation on their performance. Methods: We evaluated 15 athletes divided in 2 groups (control and fatigue) from 12 to 14 years old in two different experimental days. On the first day (water day), they did 5 sets of exercises on the balance beam (experimental protocol) ingesting only water, CG (control group) warmed up before the experimental protocol and FG (fatigue group) did a fatigue circuit, warm up exercises and then the experimental protocol. On the second day (carbohydrate day), we used the same protocol but CG ingested a sugar free flavored juice and FG ingested a 20% concentration maltodextrin solution before the protocol on the balance beam. Results: We observed a greater number of falls from the balance beam from the FG on the first day (5.40 ± 1.14 FG vs 3.33 ± 1.37 CG; p = 0.024) and a decrease in the number of falls on the second day (2.29 ± 1.25 FG water day vs 5.40 ± 1.14 FG carbohydrate day; p = 0.0013). Carbohydrate solution was able to supply muscle demands and improve the athlete's focus showed by the reduced number of falls. © 2013 Batatinha et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Extraoral alar base cinch. A modification for the technique

The alar base widening is directly related to the Le Fort I osteotomy which could lead to an undesirable facial change if not adequately controlled transoperatively. Several surgical techniques to control the lateralization and widening of the nasal base have been described in the literature. The extraoral technique, first described by Shams and Motamedi in 2002 seems to make this procedure more predictable and reliable. The authors preset a modification for that technique. © 2013 Asian AOMS, ASOMP, JSOP, JSOMS, JSOM, and JAMI.

Improvements of plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) and deposition (PIII&D) processing for materials surface modification

Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) process is a three dimensional surface modification method that is quite mature and well known to the surface engineering community nowadays, especially to those working in the field of plasma-materials interaction, aiming at both industrial and academic applications. More recently, deposition methods have been added to PIII, the PIII&D, opening possibilities of broader range of applications of these techniques. So, PIII&D is becoming a routine method of surface modification, with the advantage of pushing up the retained dose levels limited by the sputtering due to ion implantation. Therefore, well adherent, thick, three-dimensional films without stress are possible to be achieved, at relatively low cost, using PIII&D. In this paper, we will discuss about a few PIII and PIII&D experiments that have been performed recently to achieve surface improvements in different materials: 1 - high temperature nitrogen PIII in Ti6Al4V alloy in which a deep nitrogen rich treated layer resulted in surface improvements as increase of hardness, corrosion resistance and resistance to wear of the Ti alloy; 2 - nanostructures in ZnO films, obtained by PIII&D of vaporized & ionized Zn source; 3 - combined implantation and deposition of calcium for biomaterial activity of Ti alloy (PIII&D), allowing the growth of hydroxyapatite in a body solution; 4 - magnetron sputtering deposition of Cr that was enhanced by the glow discharge Ar plasma to allow implantation and deposition of Cr on SAE 1070 steel (PIII&D) resulting in surfaces with high resistance to corrosion; and 5 - implantation of nitrogen by ordinary PIII into this Cr film, which improved resistance to corrosion, while keeping the tribological properties as good as for the SAE 1070 steel surface. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

ZnO nanostructures directly grown on paper and bacterial cellulose substrates without any surface modification layer

In this report, hierarchical ZnO nano- and microstructures were directly grown for the first time on a bacterial cellulose substrate and on two additional different papers by hydrothermal synthesis without any surface modification layer. Compactness and smoothness of the substrates are two important parameters that allow the growth of oriented structures. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Equine Perineal and Vulvar Conformation Correction Using a Modification of Pouret's Technique

An incompetent vulvar seal leads to reproductive failure, and a surgical intervention might be required. The present paper describes modifications to Pouret's surgery. We suggest the use of a simple interrupted vertical mattress suture, which avoids seroma. Eighteen Brazilian Jumping Horse mares, older than 20 years and barren for 3-5 consecutive years, underwent modified Pouret's surgery. A horizontal skin incision of 3-4 cm was made half way between the anus and upper commissure of the vulva. The submucosal and connective tissue were dissected, and the rectovaginal shelf was split horizontally by sectioning the muscular and ligamentous connections between the anus, vulva, caudal portion of the rectum, and vagina until the vulva was oriented vertically. The wound was changed from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane by placing the suture vertically using approximately eight interrupted U sutures distributed in two layers with polyamide thread. The modified Pouret's surgical technique provided a perfect coaptation of the vulvar lips and a correct perineal position. Those mares that presented with horizontally tipped vulvar lips due to advanced age and stretching of the pelvic tissues by multiple foaling had their vulvas replaced. Also, the surgical procedure was easy to perform. As to fertility, of the 18 initial mares, 14 were inseminated, and all became pregnant. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the anatomical changes performed throughout the surgical procedure predisposed to a better vulvar coaptation, correcting the pneumovagina. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Interlacing of zeros of orthogonal polynomials under modification of the measure

We investigate the mutual location of the zeros of two families of orthogonal polynomials. One of the families is orthogonal with respect to the measure dμ (x), supported on the interval (a, b) and the other with respect to the measure |x -c|τ|x -d|γdμ (x), where c and d are outside (a, b) We prove that the zeros of these polynomials, if they are of equal or consecutive degrees, interlace when either 0 < τ, γ ≤ 1 or γ = 0 and 0 < τ ≤ 2. This result is inspired by an open question of Richard Askey and it generalizes recent results on some families of orthogonal polynomials. Moreover, we obtain further statements on interlacing of zeros of specific orthogonal polynomials, such as the Askey-Wilson ones. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Síntese e caracterização so polímero supramolecular à base de óleo de semente de mamão (Carica papaya L.) maleinizado-meglumina

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Análise proteômica diferencial de Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans em resposta aos sulfetos minerais calcopirita e bornita e efeito de uma proteína recombinante de A. ferrooxidans LR contendo cisteína na oxidação bacteriana da calcopirita

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Chemical modification of the surface of alumina with alkaline earth metal oxides using the polymeric precursor method for catalysis application

In this study, modifications of alumina surface with of alkaline earth metal oxides were studied, using the polymeric precursor method. The modified compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption and scanning electron microscopy. The catalytical properties of these new catalysts were evaluated for the transesterification reaction of babassu oil. It is observed that the transesterification reaction of babassu oil with methanol was successfully carried out using the modified alumina samples.

Effect of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and selenium levels on the performance, carcass yield, and blood changes in broilers

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of thermal modification on the physical properties of juvenile and mature woods of Eucalyptus grandis

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on the physical properties of juvenile and mature woods of Eucalyptus grandis. Boards were taken from 30-year-old E. grandis trees. The boards were thermally modified at 180 °C in the Laboratory of Wood Drying and Preservation at UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The results showed that thermal modification caused: (1) decrease of 6.8% in the density at 0% equilibrium moisture content of mature wood; (2) significant decreases of 14.7% and 35.6% in the maximum volumetric swellings of juvenile and mature woods, respectively; (3) significant decreases of 13.7% and 21.3% in the equilibrium moisture content of juvenile and mature woods, respectively. The influence of thermal modification in juvenile wood was lower than in mature wood and caused greater uniformity in the physical variations between these types of wood in E. grandis.