Redesenho das configurações estruturais na gestão universitária: ações derivadas da inovação e flexibilidade na legislação pós-LDB 1996

This paper is set in a scenario in which higher education institutions suffer from external pressure to increase efficiency. The legislation after the Law of Directives and Bases for Education (LDBE), from 1996, is characterized by the fragmentation in its implementation, raising a concern with flexibility and innovation in several normative devices as well as aspects that must be incorporated to its organizational structure. The policies examined in this thesis are: Distance Education (DE); Law of Innovation and the Program of Support to Restructuring and Expansion of Federal Universities (PSREFU). This thesis aims to observe to what extent the characteristics of innovation and flexibility, which mark the new post- LDBE educational legislation, influence the organizational redesign of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). For being about implementation policies, using contingency approach in order to collect the internal dynamics permeating the redesign of higher education institutions, the thesis focuses on the impacts caused by flexibility and innovation. This is a qualitative research, with case study methods, archive research and semi-structured interviews with members of the university administration. The results don t allow us to confirm the adoption of a more flexible and innovative configuration in the university but it is possible to identify the presence of those elements in the implementation changes, characterizing the hybrid structure. The changes mainly expose the extension of the management of projects to the administrative and academic components related to the institution. In terms of projection, the study found changes in the elements which characterize the current setting and the tendency of the university for adopting a diverse organizational structure. However, if the decentralization of management persists, the academic units may adopt their own structural solutions, but with no evidence of changes in the professional organization in most units. In this perspective, this thesis states that there are difficulties when incorporating innovation and flexibility to their organizational structure, which lead to improvised solutions, superposing skills through the redundancy of structures created with the same purpose or copying exogenous solutions

Reavaliação de critérios estruturais na hidrogeologia de terrenos cristalinos, com ênfase na neotectônica e sensoriamento remoto

Hydrogeological prospecting in Northeast Brazil and in other crystalline terrains has been developed on the basis of structural and regional geology concepts that date back to the 50-60 decades and, as such, demand a natural re-evaluation and update. In this kind of terrain, the percolation and accumulation of ground water are controlled by fractures and other types of discontinuities, such as foliations and geological contacts that, through weathering, impart porosity and permeability to the rocks, allowing water flow and storage. Several factors should be considered in the process of locating water wells, as discussed in the literature. Among these, the kind of structures, fracture geometry (including aperture and connectivity) and their geological and chronological context. It is important to correlate fracture systems with the regional neotectonic framework. Fractures at low angle (sub parallel) with the principal stress axis (s1) are those which tend to open (actually they work as tension joints) and, in principle, would present major hydric potential; in the opposite side, fractures at high angle to s1 would behave as closed by a compressional component. Fractures diagonal to the compression and tension axes correspond to shear fractures and, due to their connectivity with second fractures, are also important in terms of hydric potential. Uplift followed by terrain denudation leads to decompression and a general tendency to open (aided by weathering processes) fractures and other rock discontinuities, at different orientations. Low angle fractures, formed in this context, are equally important to increase connectivity, collection of water and recharge of the aquifer systems. In a general way, an opening component (neotectonic or by terrain decompression) and several models to increase fracture connectivity correlate with a greater hydric potential of these structures. Together with parallel research, this thesis addresses models of ground water occurrence in crystalline terrains, either improving well established concepts like the (Riacho-Fenda model), but also stressing other possibilities, like the role of alluvium and paleo-regoliths (the Calha Elúvio-Aluvionar model) and of strongly altered, permo-porous zones placed at variable depths below the present surface, flanking several types of discontinuities, especially interconnected fracture arrays (the Bolsões de Intemperismo model). Different methodological approaches are also discussed in order to improve success rates in the location of water wells in crystalline terrains. In this methodological review, a number of case studies were selected in the eastern domain of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, involving the localities of Santa Cruz, Santo Antônio, Serrinha, Nova Cruz, Montanhas, Lagoa de Pedras and Lagoa Salgada. Besides the neotectonic analysis of brittle structures, this Thesis addresses the validation of remote sensing as a tool for ground water prospecting. Several techniques were tested in order to detect and select areas with higher potential for ground water accumulation, using Landsat 5-TM and RADARSAT images, besides conventional aerial photos. A number of filters were tested to emphasize lineaments in the images, improving their discrimination, to identify areas with higher overburden humidity, which could reflect subsurface water accumulation, as well as alluvium and other sedimentary covers that might act as recharge zones. The work started with a regional analysis with the orbital images, followed by analysis of aerial photos, up to a detailed structural study of rock exposures in the terrain. This last step involved the analysis of outcrops surrounding wells (in a ray of approximately 10 to 100 m) with distinct productivities, including dry examples. At the level required for detail, it was not possible to accomplish a statistical approach using the available well data catalogs, which lack the desired specific information. The methodology worked out in this Thesis must undergo a testing phase through location of new water wells. An increase in the success rates as desired will led to a further consolidation step with wider divulgation of the methodology to private companies and governmental agencies involved in ground water prospecting in crystalline terrains

Propriedades estruturais e optoeletrônicas dos compostos SrSnO3, SrxBa1-xSnO3 e BaSnO3

In this work we present a study for the structural, electronic and optical properties, at ambient conditions of SrSnO3, SrxBa1

Ergodicidade em cadeias de Markov não-homogêneas e cadeias de Markov com transições raras

The central objective of a study Non-Homogeneous Markov Chains is the concept of weak and strong ergodicity. A chain is weak ergodic if the dependence on the initial distribution vanishes with time, and it is strong ergodic if it is weak ergodic and converges in distribution. Most theoretical results on strong ergodicity assume some knowledge of the limit behavior of the stationary distributions. In this work, we collect some general results on weak and strong ergodicity for chains with space enumerable states, and also study the asymptotic behavior of the stationary distributions of a particular type of Markov Chains with finite state space, called Markov Chains with Rare Transitions

Limites e evolução geodinâmica do Sistema Jaguaribeano, Província Borborema, Nordeste do Brasil

The studied area is geologically located in the Northern Domain of the Borborema Province (Northeast Brazil), limited to the south by the Patos shear zone. Terranes of the Jaguaribeano system are dominant, flanked by the Piranhas (E and S sides) and Central Ceará (NE side) terranes. Its basement comprises gneiss -migmatite terrains of Paleoproterozoic to Archean age (2.6 to 1.9 Ga old), overprinted by neoproterozoic to cambrian tectonotherma l events. Narrow supracrustal belts ( schist belts) display a 1.6 to 1.8 Ga age, as shown by whole - rock Rb-Sr and zircon U-Pb and Pb/Pb dates in acid metavolcanics which dominate in the lower section of these sequences, and in coeval metaplutonics (granitic augen gneisses). From the stratigraphic point of view, three Staterian belts are recognized: 1. Orós Belt - made up by the Orós Group, subdivided in the Santarém (predominantly pure to impure quartzites, micaschists and metacarbonates) and Campo Alegre (metandesites, metabasalts, metarhyolites and metarhyodacites, interlayered with metatuffs and metasediments) formations, and by the Serra do Deserto Magmatic Suite (granitic augen gneisses). 2. Jaguaribe Belt - its lithostratigrahic-lithodemic framework is similar to the one of the Orós Belt, however with a greater expression of the volcano -plutonic components (Campo Alegre Formation and Serra do Deserto Magmatic Suite). The Peixe Gordo Sequence, separately described, is also related to this belt and contain s metasedimentary, metavolcanic (with subordinated volcanoclastics) and metaplutonic units. The first one correlated to the Orós Group and the latter the Serra do Deserto Magmatic Suite. 3. Western Potiguar Belt - represented by the Serra de São José Gro up, subdivided in the Catolezinho (biotite -amphibole gneisses with intercalations of metacarbonates, calcsilicate rocks, amphibolites and quartzite beds to the top) and Minhuins (quartzites, micaschists, metaconglomerates, calcsilicate rocks, acid to the b asic metavolcanics and metatuffs) formations. Its late Paleoproterozoic (Staterian) age was established by a Pb/Pb date on zircons from a granitic orthogneiss of the Catolezinho Formation. The petrographic characteristics and sedimentary structures of the Santarém Formation of the Orós Group point to deltaic to shallow marine depositional systems, overlain by deep water deposits (turbidites). The geodynamic setting of this region encompassed a large depositional basin, probably extending to the east of the Portalegre shear zone and west of the Senador Pompeu shear zone, with possible equivalents in the Jucurutu Formation of the Seridó Belt and in the Ceará Group of central Ceará. The Arneiróz Belt, west Ceará, displays some stratigraphic features and granito ids geochemically akin to the ones of the Orós Belt. The evolutionary setting started with an extensional phase which was more active in the eastern part of this domain (Western Potiguar and part of the Jaguaribe belts), where the rudite and psamite sedime ntation relates to a fluviatile rift environment which evolved to a prograding deltaic system to the west (Orós Group). The basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic volcanics were associated to this extensional phase. During this magmatic event, acid magmas also crystallized at plutonic depths. The Orós Group illustrates the environmental conditions in the western part of this domain. Later on, after a large time gap (1.6 to 1.1 Ga), the region was subjected to an extensional deformational episode marked by 900 Ma old (Sm-Nd data) basic rocks, possibly in connection with the deposition of the Cachoeirinha Group south of the Patos shear zone. In the 800 to 500 Ma age interval, the region was affected by important deformational and metamorphic events coupled with in trusion of granitic rocks of variable size (dykes to batholiths), related to the Brasiliano/Pan -African geotectonic cycle. These events produced structural blocks which differentiate, one from the other, according to the importance of anatectic mobilizatio n, proportion of high-grade supracrustals and the amount of neoproterozoic -cambrian granitoid intrusions. On this basis, a large portion of the Jaguaretama Block/Terrane is relatively well preserved from this late overprint. The border belts of the Jagua retama Block (Western Potiguar and Arneiroz) display kyanite-bearing (medium pressure) mineral associations, while in the inner part of the block there is a north-south metamorphic zoning marked by staurolite or sillimanite peak metamorphic conditions. Regarding the deformations of the Staterian supracrustal rocks, second and third phases were the most important, diagnosed as having developed in a progressive tectonic process. In the general, more vigorous conditions of PT are related to the interval tardi - phase 2 early-phase 3, whose radiometric ages and regional structuring indicators places it in the Brasiliano/Pan-African Cycle. In the Staterian geodynamic setting of Brazilian Platform , these sequences are correlated to the lower Espinhaço Supergroup (p.ex., Rio dos Remédios and Paraguaçu groups, a paleproterozoic rift system in the São Francisco Craton), the Araí and Serra da Mesa groups (north of Goiás, in the so -called Goiás Central Massif), and the Uatumã Group (in the Amazonian Craton). Granitic ( augen gneisses) plutonics are also known from these areas, as for example the A-type granites intrusive in the Araí and Serra da Mesa groups, dated at 1.77 Ga. Gravimetric and geological data place the limits of the Jaguaribeano System (terranes) along the Senador Pompeu Shear Zone (western border) and the Portalegre- Farias Brito shear zone (eastern and southern). However, the same data area not conclusive as regards the interpretation of those structures as suture of the terrane docking process. The main features of those shear zones and of involved lothological associations, appear to favour an intracontinental transpressional -transcurrent regime, during Neoproterozoic-Cambrian times, marking discontinuities along which different crustal blocks were laterally dispersed. Inside of this orogenic system and according to the magnetic data (total field map), the most important terrane boundary appears to be the Jaguaribe shear zone. The geochronological data, on some tectonostratigraphic associations (partly represented by the Ceará and Jucurutu groups), still at a preliminary level, besides the lack of granitic zonation and other petrotectonic criteria, do not allow to propose tectonic terrane assembly diagrams for the studied area

Análises estratigráfica e estrutural da Seção Rifte (Valanginiano ao Barremiano) na área do levantamento sísmico 3D de baixo vermelho, Bacia Potiguar emersa

Baixo Vermelho area, situated on the northern portion of Umbuzeiro Graben (onshore Potiguar Basin), represents a typical example of a rift basin, characterized, in subsurface, by the sedimentary rift sequence, correlated to Pendência Formation (Valanginian-Barremian), and by the Carnaubais fault system. In this context, two main goals, the stratigraphic and the structural analysis, had guided the research. For this purpose, it was used the 3D seismic volume and eight wells located in the study area and adjacencies. The stratigraphic analysis of the Valanginian-Barremian interval was carried through in two distinct phases, 1D and 2D, in which the basic concepts of the sequence stratigraphy had been adapted. In these phases, the individual analysis of each well and the correlation between them, allowed to recognize the main lithofacies, to interpret the effective depositional systems and to identify the genetic units and key-surfaces of chronostratigraphic character. The analyzed lithofacies are represented predominantly by conglomerates, sandstones, siltites and shales, with carbonate rocks and marls occurring subordinately. According to these lithofacies associations, it is possible to interpret the following depositional systems: alluvial fan, fluvio-deltaic and lacustrine depositional systems. The alluvial fan system is mainly composed by conglomerates deposits, which had developed, preferentially in the south portion of the area, being directly associated to Carnaubais fault system. The fluvial-deltaic system, in turn, was mainly developed in the northwest portion of the area, at the flexural edge, being characterized by coarse sandstones with shales and siltites intercalated. On the other hand, the lacustrine system, the most dominant one in the study area, is formed mainly by shales that could occur intercalated with thin layers of fine to very fine sandstones, interpreted as turbidite deposits. The recognized sequence stratigraphy units in the wells are represented by parasequence sets, systems tracts and depositional sequences. The parasequence sets, which are progradational or retrogradational, had been grouped and related to the systems tracts. The predominance of the progradation parasequence sets (general trend with coarsening-upward) characterizes the Regressive Systems Tract, while the occurrence, more frequently, of the retrogradation parasequence sets (general trend with finning-upward) represents the Transgressive System Tract. In the seismic stratigraphic analysis, the lithofacies described in the wells had been related to chaotic, progradational and parallel/subparallel seismic facies, which are associated, frequently, to the alluvial fans, fluvial-deltaic and lacustrine depositional systems, respectively. In this analysis, it was possible to recognize fifteen seismic horizons that correspond to sequence boundaries and to maximum flooding surfaces, which separates Transgressive to Regressive systems tracts. The recognition of transgressive-regressive cycles allowed to identify nine, possibly, 3a order deposicional sequences, related to the tectonic-sedimentary cycles. The structural analysis, in turn, was done at Baixo Vermelho seismic volume, which shows, clearly, the structural complexity printed in the area, mainly related to Carnaubais fault system, acting as an important fault system of the rift edge. This fault system is characterized by a main arrangement of normal faults with trend NE-SO, where Carnaubais Fault represents the maximum expression of these lineations. Carnaubais Fault corresponds to a fault with typically listric geometry, with general trend N70°E, dipping to northwest. It is observed, throughout all the seismic volume, with variations in its surface, which had conditioned, in its evolutive stages, the formation of innumerable structural features that normally are identified in Pendencia Formation. In this unit, part of these features is related to the formation of longitudinal foldings (rollover structures and distentional folding associated), originated by the displacement of the main fault plan, propitiating variations in geometry and thickness of the adjacent layers, which had been deposited at the same time. Other structural features are related to the secondary faultings, which could be synthetic or antithetic to Carnaubais Fault. In a general way, these faults have limited lateral continuity, with listric planar format and, apparently, they play the role of the accomodation of the distentional deformation printed in the area. Thus, the interaction between the stratigraphic and structural analysis, based on an excellent quality of the used data, allowed to get one better agreement on the tectonicsedimentary evolution of the Valanginian-Barremian interval (Pendência Formation) in the studied area

Estimativa da profundidade do embasamento na bacia potiguar usando inversão gravimétrica

The gravity inversion method is a mathematic process that can be used to estimate the basement relief of a sedimentary basin. However, the inverse problem in potential-field methods has neither a unique nor a stable solution, so additional information (other than gravity measurements) must be supplied by the interpreter to transform this problem into a well-posed one. This dissertation presents the application of a gravity inversion method to estimate the basement relief of the onshore Potiguar Basin. The density contrast between sediments and basament is assumed to be known and constant. The proposed methodology consists of discretizing the sedimentary layer into a grid of rectangular juxtaposed prisms whose thicknesses correspond to the depth to basement which is the parameter to be estimated. To stabilize the inversion I introduce constraints in accordance with the known geologic information. The method minimizes an objective function of the model that requires not only the model to be smooth and close to the seismic-derived model, which is used as a reference model, but also to honor well-log constraints. The latter are introduced through the use of logarithmic barrier terms in the objective function. The inversion process was applied in order to simulate different phases during the exploration development of a basin. The methodology consisted in applying the gravity inversion in distinct scenarios: the first one used only gravity data and a plain reference model; the second scenario was divided in two cases, we incorporated either borehole logs information or seismic model into the process. Finally I incorporated the basement depth generated by seismic interpretation into the inversion as a reference model and imposed depth constraint from boreholes using the primal logarithmic barrier method. As a result, the estimation of the basement relief in every scenario has satisfactorily reproduced the basin framework, and the incorporation of the constraints led to improve depth basement definition. The joint use of surface gravity data, seismic imaging and borehole logging information makes the process more robust and allows an improvement in the estimate, providing a result closer to the actual basement relief. In addition, I would like to remark that the result obtained in the first scenario already has provided a very coherent basement relief when compared to the known basin framework. This is significant information, when comparing the differences in the costs and environment impact related to gravimetric and seismic surveys and also the well drillings

Efeito da densidade na gaiola sobre o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais nas fases de cria, recria e produção

Um experimento foi realizado para se avaliar a influência das densidades da gaiola sobre o desempenho de poedeiras semi-pesadas em diferentes fases de criação (cria, recria e produção) e pesquisar seus efeitos sobre o desempenho das aves na fase seguinte. Na fase de cria (0 a 6 semanas), 804 pintinhas da linhagem Isa Brown foram distribuídas em gaiolas medindo 100 x 80 x 35 cm, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (29, 32, 35 e 38 aves por gaiola ou 275,86; 250,00; 228,57 e 210,52 cm²/ave) e quatro repetições por tratamento. Não houve diferenças significativas para ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e uniformidade nas densidades utilizadas na fase de cria. Na fase de recria (6 a 16 semanas), foram utilizadas 720 aves, alojadas em gaiolas medindo 100 x 50 x 50 cm, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 12 tratamentos, distribuídos em esquema fatorial 4 x 3 (densidades na fases de cria e recria), correspondendo a 10, 12 e 14 aves por gaiola, ou seja, 500,00; 416,67 ou 357,14 cm²/ave, com quatro repetições. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas para ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e uniformidade nas densidades utilizadas nesta fase. Na fase de produção, 540 aves foram alojadas em gaiolas com dimensões de 100 x 45 x 45 cm, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com nove tratamentos, distribuídos em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 (densidades na recria e na produção), com 8, 10 e 12 aves por gaiola, correspondendo a 562,15; 450,00 e 375,00 cm²/ ave, com cinco repetições. Observaram-se efeitos significativos da densidade na gaiola apenas para peso dos ovos e consumo de ração. Para as condições de realização desta pesquisa, pode-se afirmar que as densidades utilizadas nas três fases de criação não prejudicaram os parâmetros de produção estudados.

Agrupamentos Sonoros Plenos na Música de Simultaneidades Acústicas e Estruturais

The present article reflects about the concepts of linearity, space and acoustic complexity in the definition of sound grouping as a criticism to the linear concept of phraseology mainly when applied to the music of imitative texture or of complex simultaneities. It takes as examples works by Bach, Josquin des Prez and a fragment of "Lontano" by Ligeti, to study them in two distinct dimensions, simultaneous and interconnected: the acoustic dimension with its entire spectral complexity and the relational dimension which establishes the interaction among the figures in voices and texture layers with some kind of acoustic and structural simultaneity.

Características ultra-estruturais e diferenciativas das espermátides de piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus) durante a espermiogênese

A espermiogênese que ocorre em piracanjuba Brycon orbignyanus pode ser dividida em quatro etapas morfológicas, cujas características principais consistem em reduções dos volumes citoplasmático, nuclear e celular, e compactação da cromatina nuclear das espermátides, sendo que as etapas espermiogenéticas ocorrem simultaneamente. Ao final da espermiogênese, quando as espermátides atingem nível elevado de diferenciação, os núcleos se tornam mais compactos e os citoplasmas se tornam reduzidos. Estas modificações resultam na formação de células altamente diferenciadas, os espermatozóides com cabeça, peça intermediária e flagelo bem definidos. As espermátides e os espermatozóides foram observados em cistos germinativos, mas também podem ser encontrados na luz dos túbulos seminíferos.

Diferenciação de espécies daninhas aquáticas pela análise multivariada de caracteres estruturais foliares

Algumas espécies de plantas aquáticas têm-se tornado problemáticas em reservatórios hidrelétricos no Brasil, devido a sua grande capacidade de reprodução. O objetivo destes trabalho foi diferenciar Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria subquadripara, Panicum repens, Eichhornia crassipes, Heteranthera reniformis, Typha ubulata e Enhydra anagallis, utilizando-se 19 caracteres estruturais quantitativos do limbo foliar, que se relacionassem com a penetração e translocação de herbicidas. Amostras do terço médio do limbo foram fixadas em FAA 50, cortadas transversalmente em micrótomo com 8 mm de espessura e coradas com azul-de-toluidina. Foram quantificados (%) os seguintes caracteres estruturais da nervura central (NC) e da região internervural (IN): epidermes adaxial e abaxial, feixe vascular, bainha do feixe vascular, esclerênquima, parênquima e lacunas do aerênquima, além da espessura da folha, do número de estômatos e do número de tricomas nas faces adaxial e abaxial. Os 19 caracteres estruturais foram submetidos à Análise de Agrupamento e Análise de Componentes Principais. Houve a formação de três grupos principais: grupo 1 B. mutica, B. subquadripara e P. repens (Poaceae); grupo 2 E. crassipes e H. reniformis (Pontederiaceae) e E. anagallis (Asteraceae); e grupo 3 apenas T. subulata (Typhaceae). Os caracteres com maior poder discriminatório foram: porcentagem de epiderme adaxial (IN); porcentagem de epiderme abaxial; feixe vascular; bainha do feixe vascular; esclerênquima e lacunas do aerênquima (NC e IN); espessura da folha e número de estômatos das faces adaxial e abaxial. Concluiu-se que os caracteres estruturais quantitativos permitiram diferenciar essas espécies daninhas aquáticas em fase vegetativa.

Espermiogênese em Eupemphix nattereri (Anura, Leiuperidae): aspectos ultra-estruturais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Resistência à corrosão das fases presentes em amálgamas dentários

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Construção de câmara de luz ultravioleta para fotopolimerização de fases estacionárias monolíticas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Dieta do cascudo Aspidoras fuscoguttatus (Ostariophysi, Callichthyidae) em riachos com diferentes características limnológicas e estruturais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)