El levantamiento del mapa topográfico a escala 1:50.000 en Cataluña (1912-1932)

El primer levantamiento topográfico a gran escala del territorio catalán, efectuado con carácter sistemático, completo y uniforme, fue realizado entre 1912 y 1932. Este artículo estudia la organización del citado levantamiento, que formaba parte de la ejecución del Mapa topográfico de España a escala 1:50.000, y que en Cataluña fue llevado a término por el Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico y el Depósito de la Guerra. Se analiza el desarrollo de las labores topográficas, y se describe el personal y el instrumental empleado en las mismas. Una de las novedades de los trabajos topográficos conducidos en Cataluña fue la introducción de la fotogrametría terrestre en las zonas de montaña.

Dosimetria dos cones radiocirúrgicos Radionics de diâmetros de 5 mm a 50 mm para um feixe de 6 MV de um acelerador linear Mevatron MD digital

Os parâmetros dosimétricos de um feixe de raios X de pequeno diâmetro para um sistema de radiocirurgia comercial foram medidos em água com um detector de diodo de Si do tipo p. As razões tecido-máximo, o fator de espalhamento total e os perfis dos feixes a profundidades de 5 e 10 cm foram medidos para 17 feixes de diâmetros circulares de 5 mm a 50 mm, em incrementos de 2,5 mm. Os fatores de espalhamento totais caíram lentamente, de 0,947 para 0,888 entre os cones de 50 mm e 12,5 mm de diâmetro (variação de 7%); para os cones entre 10 mm e 5 mm de diâmetro, esta queda foi bem maior, de 0,854 para 0,666 (variação de 28%). Os valores obtidos para a relação tecido-máximo são consistentes com dados publicados. Os perfis dos feixes foram medidos nas direções x e y, e estão dentro de 0,2 mm para todos os cones entre as duas direções. A medida da largura à meia-altura se encontra dentro de 1 mm com o diâmetro nominal dos cones.

Kymmen vuotta kehittämistyötä : Euroopan unionin työllistymistä tukevien hankkeiden kansallisen perinnön arviointia

Abstract: Ten years development work - the legacy of the European Union's projects of supporting employment

Estudo de 50 casos por tomografia computadorizada de lesões hipodensas hepáticas fundamentais na infância

OBJETIVO: Relatar os diferentes aspectos tomográficos das lesões hepáticas hipodensas na infância, orientando às diferentes possibilidades diagnósticas. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram realizados estudos tomográficos de lesões hipodensas hepáticas previamente diagnosticadas à ultra-sonografia em 50 pacientes pediátricos (0-16 anos). As imagens foram obtidas antes e após a administração de contraste venoso. Os aspectos de imagem foram analisados e correlacionados posteriormente com o diagnóstico anatomopatológico. RESULTADOS: Dos 50 casos estudados, 47 foram confirmados, 30 destes por estudo anatomopatológico. A maioria das lesões era benigna, sendo o hemangioma o mais freqüente (20% dos casos). Tais lesões apresentaram captação homogênea do meio de contraste, principalmente na fase tardia, diferenciando assim das malignas. As lesões malignas mais freqüentes foram as metástases (18%). CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo constatou que o exame tomográfico, antes e após a administração do contraste venoso, dinâmico e/ou helicoidal, foi de grande valia para a complementação da hipótese diagnóstica nas lesões hipodensas hepáticas na infância, devendo ser rotina após diagnóstico ultra-sonográfico.

Optimizing Mobile Java Location-Based Services in Symbian OS

This thesis evaluates methods for obtaining high performance in applications running on the mobile Java platform. Based on the evaluated methods, an optimization was done to a Java extension API running on top the Symbian operating system. The API provides location-based services for mobile Java applications. As a part of this thesis, the JNI implementation in Symbian OS was also benchmarked. A benchmarking tool was implemented in the analysis phase in order to implement extensive performance test set. Based on the benchmark results, it was noted that the landmarks implementation of the API was performing very slowly with large amounts of data. The existing implementation proved to be very inconvenient for optimization because the early implementers did not take performance and design issues into consideration. A completely new architecture was implemented for the API in order to provide scalable landmark initialization and data extraction by using lazy initialization methods. Additionally, runtime memory consumption was also an important part of the optimization. The improvement proved to be very efficient based on the measurements after the optimization. Most of the common API use cases performed extremely well compared to the old implementation. Performance optimization is an important quality attribute of any piece of software especially in embedded mobile devices. Typically, projects get into trouble with performance because there are no clear performance targets and knowledge how to achieve them. Well-known guidelines and performance models help to achieve good overall performance in Java applications and programming interfaces.

Biomechanical Changes During a 50-minute Run in Different Footwear and on Various Slopes.

The effects of footwear and inclination on running biomechanics over short intervals are well documented. Although recognized that exercise duration can impact running biomechanics, it remains unclear how biomechanics change over time when running in minimalist shoes and on slopes. Our aims were to describe these biomechanical changes during a 50-minute run and compare them to those observed in standard shoes. Thirteen trained recreational male runners ran 50 minutes at 65% of their maximal aerobic velocity on a treadmill, once in minimalist shoes and once in standard shoes, 1 week apart in a random order. The 50-minute trial was divided into 5-minute segments of running at 0%, +5%, and -5% of treadmill incline sequentially. Data were collected using photocells, high-speed video cameras, and plantar-pressure insoles. At 0% incline, runners exhibited reduced leg stiffness and plantar flexion angles at foot strike and lower plantar pressure at the forefoot and toes in minimalist shoes from minute 34 of the protocol onward. However, only reduced plantar pressure at the toes was observed in standard shoes. Overall, similar biomechanical changes with increased exercise time were observed on the uphill and downhill inclines. The results might be due to the unfamiliarity of subjects to running in minimalist shoes.