Escolas comunitarias: o processo de absorção pelo Municipio do Rio de Janeiro

Trata-se de um trabalho sobre o processo de incorporação pelo Estado das escolas comunitárias no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Após um breve levantamento da história do surgimento destas experiências comunitárias é realizado um estudo mais detalhado do contexto político e econômico desta época, com o intuito de reconstituir as mudanças conjunturais que possibilitaram a criação e o posterior crescimento institucional da Secretaria Municipal de Desenvolvimento Social, órgão da Prefeitura do Município do Rio de Janeiro, responsável pela absorção das escolas comunitárias. A seguir, são descritos os dois projetos da SMOS que deram origem a este processo de incorporação. Finalmente, procura-se relacionar as principais diretrizes políticas dos sucessivos governos estaduais e municipais no período estudado, com o grau de expansão do projeto de creches e escolas comunitárias . Conclui-se apontando que, embora o reconhecimento dessa experiência comunitária Dela Estado tenha servido de alguma forma aos interesses da população envolvida. O quadro atual demonstra que a forma como foi realizada esta incorporação viabilizou praticas autoritárias e conservadoras, obstruindo a construção de um projeto educacional de qualidade voltado para as crianças das camadas mais pobres de nossa população.

Fatores motivacionais da comunicação boca-a-boca eletrônica positiva entre consumidores no Facebook

O estudo objetivou investigar as motivações do comportamento de comunicação boca a boca positiva sobre produtos e marcas no site de redes sociais Facebook. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidas hipóteses de pesquisa e um modelo teórico para se entender as motivações da comunicação boca a boca positiva neste contexto. Para testar a validade do modelo proposto, um estudo de campo foi conduzido com 468 usuários do Facebook no Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados sugerem como motivos a preocupação com outros consumidores e o desejo de interação social, seguidos dos desejos de extravasar emoções positivas e de ajudar a empresa. O teste empírico deu suporte ao papel moderador da força dos laços sociais na relação entre preocupação com outros consumidores e o boca a boca positivo. Ao analisar variações no comportamento de boca a boca positivo em função do perfil demográfico, o estudo sugere que as mulheres são mais engajadas do que os homens e que publicam e compartilham, em média, uma maior variedade de categorias de produtos e marcas. Entretanto, a pesquisa sugere uma associação significativa entre a categoria de produto divulgada e sexo do consumidor. Desta forma, apesar das mulheres divulgarem, em média, uma maior variedade de produtos, os resultados sugerem que homens são mais engajados em algumas categorias específicas, como por exemplo, esporte, carros e motos. Com base nos resultados, são discutidas implicações teóricas e práticas, bem como sugestões para pesquisas futuras.

The promised LAN: the transformative power of information and communications technology in developing countries

Este tese analise as implicações dos investimentos em tecnologia de informação e comunicação (ICT) em países ainda em desenvolvimento, especialmente em termos de educação, para estimular a implementação de uma infra-estrutura mais moderna em vez da continuação do uso de métodos tradicionais. Hoje, como o interesse e os investimentos em ICT estão crescendo rapidamente, os módulos e as idéias que existem para medir o estado de ICT são velhos e inexatos, e não podem ser aplicados às culturas de países em desenvolvimento. Políticos e investidores têm que considerar estes problemas quando estão pensando em investimentos ou socorros para programas em ICT no futuro, e investigadores e professores precisam entender os fatores importantes no desenvolvimento para os ICTs e a educação antes de começar estudos nestes países. Este tese conclue que investimentos em tecnologias móbeis e sem fios ajudarem organizações e governos ultrapassar a infra-estrutura tradicional, estreitando a divisão digital e dando o resulto de educação melhor, alfabetização maior, e soluções sustentáveis pelo desenvolvimento nas comunidades pobres no mundo de países em desenvolvimento.

O uso pedagógico das TIC como expansão das capacidades : o ProInfo Natal/RN

The broad objective of the research The pedagogic use of ICT as development of teaching capacity: the case of ProInfo Natal/RN was to realize an evaluation of this program effectiveness in public schools. Specifically, we ve tried to observe if the program: a) succeeded by promoting the pedagogical use of new ICTs, b) stimulated the improvement of teaching and learning using ICT, and c) performed functionings and expanding its capabilities. The methodology consisted of literature revision; realization of half-structured interviews with administrators and teachers, and leading four focal groups with students in 9th grade of elementary school, were also made observations and analysis about the official documents which regulates the program. Our results showed that ProInfo presents various interferences in its effectiveness, causing a gap between its marks and the actual results of its use in everyday life of schools. We ve concluded that the program needs to challenge these weaknesses in order to contribute to the promotion of functionings and expanding its capabilities

Protagonismo juvenil: uma avaliação do programa agente jovem de desenvolvimento humano na cidade de Natal RN (2006/2007).

This paper presents a critical rescue of the term youth, while simultaneously is presented as the lifetime of between 15 and 24 years. Rescue two features in the literature. The first considers youth as a transition period and the second phase work that from a predisposition to rebellion. Discusses the design plural of that term, youth recital to this social and historical aspects of different societies to which it relates and highlights the importance of realizing the diversity of it. Where the object of investigation, the Young Agent Program, the overall objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the actions of the Young Agent Program for Human Development in Natal-RN. Specifically aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Young Agent Program: a) as an enhancer of the integration of young people in social spaces of family, school and community, b) as to (re) insertion and the incorporation of issues related to health in adolescence, and c ) regarding the work of young people as multipliers of the actions of the program. With regard to the methodological procedures presents a review of the literature on youth, and the categories of human development, leadership and evaluation of youth policies for the construction of theoretical and analytical approach, using documentary data collection in the Municipal Labor and Social Services - SEMT on the Young Agent Program, and interviews with actors involved in the program. Finally, evaluates the effectiveness of the Young Agent Program from the perspective of participants

Da Barra do Rio aos parrachos: duas realidades sociorganizacionais no litoral Norteriograndense

Observing that social capital is considered crucial for the consolidation of an association, this paper analyzes how different groups associative absorb the concept of membership and how to manage routing in their actions to the social interest. The research aimed to evaluate two central forms of association, based on the concept of Pierre Bourdieu (1980) on social capital, stressing that its distribution and perception are uneven and depends on the ability of ownership of different social groups. Accordingly, took up two organizations community based one in - Barra do Rio and another in Maracajaú - whose main activity is the exploitation in the coastal tourist norteriograndense. Once processed the data, it became clear that, despite the purpose for the association has been motivated by exploration in both organizations, each differently appropriates its capital. While one maintains a feelings of togetherness, trust and satisfaction of group work, the other one, feelings are stifled by individualism, mistrust among their members that although they see the association as something important for the growth and strengthening of the group, working individually

Territorialidade e pesca: atualidades e tradições no uso dos recursos pesqueiros na comunidade litorânea da praia da Pipa Rio Grande do Norte

The need for sustainability in the exploitation of natural resources in coastal areas has been out in recent years, as well as the social and cultural sustainability of traditional communities in these regions. Coastal and estuarine wild areas are influenced directly or indirectly by a set of human activities such as artisanal fishing. Therefore, there is a demand for an integrated design of these areas and according to the landing values, a pattern of unsustainable development of national marine fishing activity. The study was conducted in the coastal community of Praia da Pipa, Tibau do Sul municipality, RN, between june 2009 and june 2010 and aimed to characterize the fishery performed, its socio-economic strategies and fishing areas, as well as to identify ichthyofauna, to assess the sustainability of the major resources and to identify cultural traits related to artisanal fisheries, their problems and prospects; linking tradition and the present fishing activity carried out in the community. For this study, a total of 67 structured interviews were collected, including qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 133 fish landings and direct observations were performed. Informants were identified according to one of the following categories: fishermen, vessel masters and members of the local population with offspring. Applications SPSS 10.0, Paint.Ink and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used for tabulation and analysis of results. Local fishermen are, on average, 25 years fishing, have 40 years old and the average monthly income is up to 03 minimum wages. The local fleet consists of 20 vessels, that uses different line sizes and types of networks, operating in 21 fishing grounds and showing a reduction in the vessel numbers by 66% in the last decade. We recorded 76 species of fish, captured by the local fleet and the top 5 were quantitatively analyzed serra spanish mackarel (Scomberomorus brasiliensis), little tunny (Euthynnus alleteratus), yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus), red snapper (Lutjanus analis) and common snook (Centropomus undecimalis), accounting for 46,5% of production in the period. The capture of these species was composed mostly of adults. Data analysis showed a significant decrease of the local fishing activity over the last decade due to the weakness displayed by the political-social category, the devaluation of local knowledge and the emergence of new sources of income through increased tourism. The characteristics of the fishing community suggest it to pass through significant changes as the appreciation of their cultural and traditional aspects. We identified a tendency to sustainability of main species caught, suggesting that public policies to be adopted locally comply with the current characteristics of fishing undertaken in the community and knowledge of fishermen related to the environment, allowing environmental, as well as social and cultural sustainability of the community involved.

Agroindústria canavieira e unidade de conservação: Impactos Sociais na comunidade de pescadores de Baía Formosa (RN)

The conservation unities emerged in response to the environmental damages. In the Atlantic Forest of the Brazilian Northeast, the most of the damages come from the sugar-cane agro-industry, especially by the deforestation for the introduction of sugar-cane fields and installation of the industry structure. Besides the damages over the biodiversity, there are critical social problems that affect the communities which survive using directly or indirectly the biome from the Atlantic Forest. The objective of this research is to analyze the social impacts on the fishermen of Baía Formosa/RN generated by the changes and socio-environmental transformations occurred starting the installation of a sugar-cane factory and the creation of a conservation area in the municipality of Baía Formosa/RN community. The research is based on a qualitative and diachronic perspective, for both approach, it was used the method of oral history in conjunction with the literature search and some technical and research tools such as direct observation, interview, records images and recordings . The results show that social and symbolic practices of the community in the conservation unit Mata Estrela last more strongly presented. Today fewer natural resources are used, due to factors such as limit access to forest and disappearance of some natural resources by deforestation. It is believed that the loss of free access to space for the community is the most significant negative impact, as promoted changes in the relationship of the community with the Star Forest that contributed to the fading of their social and symbolic practices. The loss of free access caused the decline in the practice of agriculture, which resulted in the loss of one of the means of social reproduction of the community

Saúde mental no Programa de Saúde da Família: conceitos dos agentes comunitários sobre o transtorno mental

Este estudo objetivou identificar as representações sociais de agentes comunitários de uma unidade de Programa Saúde da Família sobre o transtorno mental. Optamos pela pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando o estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, recorremos à entrevista semi-estruturada, enriquecida pelo uso de Técnica Projetiva, e à análise temática para analisar o material obtido. Os resultados evidenciam representações sociais ancoradas no paradigma psiquiátrico tradicional. Esse considera a pessoa acometida pelo transtorno mental passiva, sem condições de protagonizar os próprios caminhos que, por sua vez, são marcados pelo preconceito. Desse modo, denota-se a grande necessidade de investimento na capacitação em saúde mental, junto aos atores do cenário da assistência do Programa de Saúde da Família. de acordo com o estudo, tal investimento contribuirá para a efetivação de práticas e construção de novos saberes, contribuindo para a melhoria da assistência em saúde.

Reforma psiquiátrica e transição paradigmática no interior do estado de São Paulo

Este trabalho investiga o aspecto qualitativo da Reforma Psiquiátrica no interior do estado de São Paulo, por meio da análise dos discursos presentes no campo da Saúde Mental. Balizamo-nos no referencial da Atenção Psicossocial enquanto corpo teórico-prático e ético para transformação paradigmática em Saúde Mental. Como método, utilizamos entrevistas semi-dirigidas com coordenadores de CAPS e coordenadores municipais de Saúde Mental, e observações participantes, analisadas por meio do método dialético de análise de discurso. Foram encontradas três matrizes teóricas principais dos discursos (Psiquiatria Tradicional, Psiquiatria Preventivo-Comunitária, Atenção Psicossocial) coexistindo no espaço institucional. A vertente Preventivo-Comunitária mostrou-se bem instalada e superando técnica e teoricamente a Psiquiatria Tradicional, porém dificultando o avanço da Atenção Psicossocial em termos éticos.

A Prática do Professor que Ensina Matemática e a Colaboração: uma reflexão a partir de processos formativos virtuais

This text presents some reflections about the educational and virtual processes of mathematics teachers drawing on research on the theme. Thus, in this text, considering our experiences with the development of online courses, we discuss issues such as collaboration in virtual environments, which contributes to more effective results in collaborative learning and reduces the potential of isolation of student/teacher that can occur in virtual environments. Through collaborative learning in a virtual community, students/teachers have the opportunity to practice and think in-depth about their learning experiences by sharing new ideas with the group and receiving critical and constructive feedback. Moreover, the virtuality formed by the environment of online courses supports educational spaces for teachers who teach mathematics. Thus, collaboration emerges as an essential element for construction of meanings and for sharing experiences on the practice of teaching.

Educação a distância e formação continuada do professor

Distance Education has had a significant role in further teacher development. The aim of this study was to collect and analyze data related to distance education for the further teacher development related to the inclusion process of people with disability. One hundred and eighty two students from the Distance Training course from Unesp - Bauru / SP participated in the research, constructing and applying a semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicate that scheduling flexibility and attendance of a great number of students in different geographical areas stand out as positive points of this modality, however, for it to be a success, tutors must be adequately prepared to use new tools in the teaching-learning process. It is essential that the students feel they are being assisted in every moment, contributing to the construction of a virtual community and effecting quality development in distance education.