Building International CSR on Solid Foundations: Location and Network Aspects of Nonmarket Environments in Europe and Non-Europe Markets. ACES Working Papers, 2011

Multinational companies' (MNCs) corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs frequently comprise a portfolio of disconnected country-level programs or, alternatively, consist of blanket corporate policies that apply in the same way across the geographies where the company operates. Yet, the international nonmarket environment in which CSR programs operate is neither a completely fragmented nor a perfectly homogeneous one. Building on the concept of stakeholder-issue-networks, we develop a model that explicitly takes into consideration the role of geography in the characterization of a firm's nonmarket environment. This allows us to develop a taxonomy of nonmarket environments on the basis of their geographic spread and their degree of cross-border connectedness. We then explore the strategic and organizational implications that different ideal types of (cross-border) nonmarket environments have for the development of international CSR policies.

Firmer foundations for a stronger European Banking Union. Bruegel Working Paper 2015/13, November 2015

The move to European Banking Union involving the supervision and resolution of banks at euro-area level was stimulated by the sovereign debt crisis in the euro area in 2012. However, the long-term objective of Banking Union is dealing with intensified cross-border banking.The share of the assets of national banking systems that come from other EU countries was rising before the financial and economic crisis of 2007, but went into decline thereafter in the context of a general retrenchment of international banking. Most recent data, however, suggests the decline has been halted. About 14 percent of the assets of banks in Banking Union come from other EU countries, while about a quarter of the assets of the top 25 banks in the Banking Union are held in other EU countries.While a crisis-prevention framework for the euro area has largely been completed, the crisis-management framework remains incomplete, potentially creating instability. There is no governance mechanism to resolve disputes between different levels of crisis-management agencies, and incentives to promote optimum oversight are lacking. Most importantly, risk-sharing mechanisms do not adequately address the sovereign-bank loop, with a lack of clarity about the divide between bail-in and bail-out.To complete Banking Union, the lender-of-last-resort and deposit insurance functions should move to the euro-area level, breaking the sovereign-bank loop. A fully-fledged single deposit insurance (and resolution) fund should be favoured over a reinsurance scheme for reasons of cost and simplicity.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London.

Mode of access: Internet.

The foundations of belief: being notes introductory to the study of theology,

Mode of access: Internet.

Memoirs and proceedings of the Manchester Literary & Philosophical Society.

Added title Manchester memoirs appears on volume t.p. beginning with vol. 41.

Baruch Spinoza and Western democracy; an interpretation of his philosophical, religious, and political thought.

Mode of access: Internet.

The foundations of social life /

Bibliogr. : p. 279-280.

Foundations of education /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Mathematical biophysics; physicomathematical foundations of biology,

"References" at end of most of the chapters.

Bibliography on the foundations of probability theory,

Mode of access: Internet.

The Bath physicians of former times. A paper read before the Bath Literary and Philosophical Association, October 20th, 1882.

Mode of access: Internet.

Who shall survive? Foundations of sociometry, group psychotherapy and sociodrama.

Mode of access: Internet.

Transactions of the American Philosophical Society.

A 2nd ed. of vol. 1 was issued in 1789.

Philosophical studies.

Mode of access: Internet.