Características de liderazgo de los gerentes de la generación “baby boomers” y propuesta de plan de mejora de toma de decisiones estratégicas y eficacia, caso de estudio Global Engineering S.A.

El presente documento analiza las características de liderazgo de los gerentes “baby boomers” de la empresa transnacional Global Engineering S.A., que tiene oficinas en España, Cuba, Venezuela y Ecuador. Esta investigación se realiza sobre la premisa que los Gerentes de las cuatro oficinas pertenecen a la generación de los baby boomers, por lo se presenta la hipótesis de que, al pertenecer a una misma generación las características de liderazgo son similares. Los objetivos de la presente investigación, fueron el identificar las características de liderazgo de los gerentes, analizarlas, verificar si son eficaces, identificar las oportunidades de mejora y presentar un plan de mejora para la organización. Al presente estudio se lo define como exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional, se utiliza como herramienta principal para la investigación el MLQ 5X versión corta creado por Bass y Avolio y adaptado por Vega y Zabala, se lo aplica a las cuatro oficinas de la empresa tanto a los gerentes como a los seguidores. Para la comprobación de la hipótesis, se utilizó la prueba t de Student, para establecer valores máximos y mínimos de los promedios de las características de liderazgo, para de esa manera conocer si los Gerentes de cada oficina tienen las mismas características, también se promediaron los valores resultantes de cada estilo de liderazgo para conocer si son eficaces para la realidad de la organización. Como herramienta para la mejora de toma de decisiones estratégica, se presenta el Cuadro de Mando integral, se establecen los objetivos principales para las perspectivas y se señalan los pasos de cómo debe ser el proceso de implementación del plan de coaching gerencial para la organización. De la investigación realizada se concluye que las características de liderazgo de los gerentes de la organización no se relacionan directamente con la generación a la que pertenecen, sino, dependen más del entorno, la situación y de los seguidores. Se recomienda la implementación del Cuadro de Mando Integral para mejorar la toma de decisiones estratégicas, haciendo énfasis en la propuesta de valor de implementar un plan de coaching gerencial para los gerentes de las distintas oficinas para así mejorar la eficacia de la organización.

An ontological approach to competency management

Competency management is a very important part of a well-functioning organisation. Unfortunately competency descriptions are not uniformly specified nor defined across borders: National, sectorial or organisational, leading to an opaque competency description market with a multitude of competency frameworks and competency benchmarks. An ontology is a formalised description of a domain, which enables automated reasoning engines to be built which by utilising the interrelations between entities can make “intelligent” choices in different situations within the domain. Introducing formalised competency ontologies automated tools, such as skill gap analysis, training suggestion generation, job search and recruitment, can be developed, which compare and contrast different competency descriptions on the semantic level. The major problem with defining a common formalised ontology for competencies is that there are so many viewpoints of competencies and competency frameworks. Work within the TRACE project has focused on finding common trends within different competency frameworks in order to allow an intermediate competency description to be made, which other frameworks can reference. This research has shown that competencies can be divided up into “knowledge”, “skills” and what we call “others”. An ontology has been created based on this with a simple structure of different “kinds” of “knowledges” and “skills” using semantic interrelations to define the basic semantic structure of the ontology. A prototype tool for analysing a skill gap analysis has been developed. Personal profiles can be produced using the tool and a skill gap analysis is performed on a desired competency profile by using an ontologically based inference engine, which is able to list closest fit and possible proficiency gaps

Case-based analysis in user requirements modelling for knowledge construction

Context: Learning can be regarded as knowledge construction in which prior knowledge and experience serve as basis for the learners to expand their knowledge base. Such a process of knowledge construction has to take place continuously in order to enhance the learners’ competence in a competitive working environment. As the information consumers, the individual users demand personalised information provision which meets their own specific purposes, goals, and expectations. Objectives: The current methods in requirements engineering are capable of modelling the common user’s behaviour in the domain of knowledge construction. The users’ requirements can be represented as a case in the defined structure which can be reasoned to enable the requirements analysis. Such analysis needs to be enhanced so that personalised information provision can be tackled and modelled. However, there is a lack of suitable modelling methods to achieve this end. This paper presents a new ontological method for capturing individual user’s requirements and transforming the requirements onto personalised information provision specifications. Hence the right information can be provided to the right user for the right purpose. Method: An experiment was conducted based on the qualitative method. A medium size of group of users participated to validate the method and its techniques, i.e. articulates, maps, configures, and learning content. The results were used as the feedback for the improvement. Result: The research work has produced an ontology model with a set of techniques which support the functions for profiling user’s requirements, reasoning requirements patterns, generating workflow from norms, and formulating information provision specifications. Conclusion: The current requirements engineering approaches provide the methodical capability for developing solutions. Our research outcome, i.e. the ontology model with the techniques, can further enhance the RE approaches for modelling the individual user’s needs and discovering the user’s requirements.

Goal sketching: towards agile requirements engineering

This paper describes a technique that can be used as part of a simple and practical agile method for requirements engineering. The technique can be used together with Agile Programming to develop software in internet time. We illustrate the technique and introduce lazy refinement, responsibility composition and context sketching. Goal sketching has been used in a number of real-world development projects, one of which is described here.

Engineering of a monodisperse core-shell magnetic Ti-O-Si oxidation nanocatalyst

There has been limited development in catalyst carriers for magnetic separations where superparamagnetic nanoparticles of a high saturation magnetization with no coercivity are required to isolate expensive catalyst reagent that are subjected to repeated magnetic cycles. By using simple stepwise layer-by-layer nanochemistry techniques, we show that an fee FePt nanomagnet can be created inside each silica particle with tailored dimensions to great precision. Subsequent engineering of the external surface with Ti-O-Si species in an optimum structure to create a unique interface gives high activity and excellent selectivity of the composite material for the trans-stilbene oxidation to the corresponding epoxide in the presence of tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Thus, a new magnetic separable epoxidation catalyst is described. This work clearly demonstrates the significance of nanoengineering of a single catalyst particle by a bottom-up construction approach in modern catalyst design, which could lead to new catalytic. properties.

Engineering Pt in ceria for a maximum metal-support interaction in catalysis

Conventional supported metal catalysts are metal nanoparticles deposited on high surface area oxide supports with a poorly defined metal−support interface. Typically, the traditionally prepared Pt/ceria catalyzes both methanation (H2/CO to CH4) and water−gas shift (CO/H2O to CO2/H2) reactions. By using simple nanochemistry techniques, we show for the first time that Pt or PtAu metal can be created inside each CeO2 particle with tailored dimensions. The encapsulated metal is shown to interact with the thin CeO2 overlayer in each single particle in an optimum geometry to create a unique interface, giving high activity and excellent selectivity for the water−gas shift reaction, but is totally inert for methanation. Thus, this work clearly demonstrates the significance of nanoengineering of a single catalyst particle by a bottom-up construction approach in modern catalyst design which could enable exploitation of catalyst site differentiation, leading to new catalytic properties.