998 resultados para Multifuncionalidad rural
Resumo:
Low-carbon off-grid electrification for rural areas is becoming increasingly popular in the United Kingdom. However, many developing countries have been electrifying their rural areas in this way for decades. Case study fieldwork in Nepal and findings from United Kingdom based research will be used to examine how developed nations can learn from the experience of developing countries with regard to the institutional environment and delivery approach adopted in renewable energy off-grid rural electrification. A clearer institutional framework and more direct external assistance during project development are advised. External coordinators should also engage the community in a mobilization process a priori to help alleviate internal conflicts of interest that could later impede a project. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Resumo:
Low-carbon off-grid electrification for rural areas is becoming increasingly popular in developed nations such as the United Kingdom. However, many developing countries have been electrifying their rural areas in this way for decades. Case study fieldwork in Nepal and findings from UK-based research will be used to examine how developed nations can learn from the experience of developing countries with regards the institutional environment and delivery approach adopted in renewable energy off-grid rural electrification. A clearer institutional framework and more direct external assistance during project development are advised. External coordinators should also engage the community in a mobilization process a priori to help alleviate internal conflicts of interest that could later impede a project. ©2010 IEEE.
Resumo:
User-value is a determining factor for product acceptance in product design. Research on rural electrification to date, however, does not draw sufficient attention to the importance of user-value with regard to the overall success of a project. This is evident from the analysis of project reports and applicable indicators from agencies active in the sector. Learning from the design, psychology and sociology literatures, it is important that rural electrification projects incorporate the value perception of the end-user and extend their success beyond the commonly used criteria of financial value, the appropriateness of the technology, capacity building and technology uptake. Creating value for the end-user is particularly important for project acceptance and the sustainability of a scheme once it has been handed over to the local community. In this research paper, existing theories and models of value-theory are transposed and applied to community operated rural electrification schemes and a user-value framework is developed. Furthermore, the importance of value to the end-user is clarified. Current literature on product design reveals that user-value has different properties, many of which are applicable to rural electrification. Five value pillars and their sub-categories important for the users of rural electrification projects are identified, namely: functional; social significance; epistemic; emotional; and cultural values. These pillars provide the main structure for the conceptual framework developed in this research paper. It is proposed that by targeting the values of the end-user, the key factors of user-value applicable to rural electrification projects will be identified and the sustainability of the project will be better ensured. © 2014 The Authors.
Resumo:
Rapid urbanization and industrialization in southern Jiangsu Province have consumed a huge amount of arable land. Through comparative analysis of land cover maps derived from TM images in 1990, 2000 and 2006, we identified the trend of arable land loss. It is found that most arable land is lost to urbanization and rural settlements development. Urban settlements, rural settlements, and industrial park-mine-transport land increased, respectively, by 87 997 ha (174.65%), 81 041 ha (104.52%), and 12 692 ha (397.99%) from 1990 to 2006. Most of the source (e.g., change from) land covers are rice paddy fields and dryland. These two covers contributed to newly urbanized areas by 37.12% and 73.52% during 1990-2000, and 46.39% and 38.86% during 2000-2006. However, the loss of arable land is weakly correlated with ecological service value, per capita net income of farmers, but positively with grain yield for some counties. Most areas in the study site have a low arable land depletion rate and a high potential for sustainable development. More attention should be directed at those counties that have a high depletion rate but a low potential for sustainable development. Rural settlements should be controlled and rationalized through legislative measures to achieve harmonious development between urban and rural areas, and sustainable development for rural areas with a minimal impact on the ecoenvironment. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
O trabalho identifica os tipos de sistemas de produção explorado em Machadinho d´Oeste-RO e, relaciona as lógicas de uso destes sistemas com o nível de desenvolvimento em que se encontram os produtores rurais, além de relaciona estratégias e políticas para melhorar o manejo dos recursos naturais. Para isso, o suporte metodológico baseou-se na Análise de Correspondência Múltipla (ACM), estabelecendo todas as possíveis correspondências entre os produtores amostrados e as variáveis selecionadas, seguida da análise de cluster, pelo método de Ward, para relacionar o nível de desenvolvimento dos sistemas de produção com o uso dos recursos naturais. A metodologia mostrou-se adequada e consistente aos estudos propostos para este trabalho e, assim, um interessante caminho metodológico para estudos futuros sobre levantamento dos recursos ambientais, sociais e econômicos da agricultura, estudos da sustentabilidade agrícola e pesquisas sugere um estudo mais abrangente para o grupo total de 450 produtores rurais que a Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite vem pesquisando desde 1986, em Machadinho d´Oeste.
Resumo:
Uma avaliação do desempenho ambiental de atividades rurais representadas pela horticultura orgânica e convencional, pelo agroturismo, e pelos pesque-pagues, foi procedida com o sistema de Avaliação Ponderada de Impacto Ambiental de Atividades do Novo Rural (APOIA-NovoRural). Este sistema consiste de um conjunto de planilhas eletrônicas que integram sessenta e dois indicadores do desempenho ambiental da atividade, no âmbito de um estabelecimento rural. Cinco dimensões de avaliação são consideradas: i. Ecologia da Paisagem, ii. Qualidade dos Compartimentos Ambientais (atmosfera, água e solo), iii. Valores Socioculturais, iv. Valores Econômicos e v. Gestão e Administração. Os resultados indicam que, em relação à horticultura, ao melhorar a conservação dos recursos naturais e as condições de gestão do estabelecimento, o manejo orgânico apresenta melhor desempenho ambiental que o manejo convencional (19% na Ecologia da Paisagem, 13% na Qualidade da Água e 74% na Gestão e Administração). Nos estabelecimentos dedicados a pesque-pague, a recomposiçãoda paisagem e dos habitats naturais, assim como melhores condições de gestão e administração do estabelecimento, são as principais medidas a serem adotadas para melhoria do desempenho ambiental da atividade. Finalmente, com excelente desempenho econômico e em termos de conservação da qualidade da água, o agroturismo carece de atenção nos aspectos de recuperação dos habitats naturais e da paisagem, bem como melhorias na gestão e administração. A aplicação do sistema APOIA-NovoRural permite melhorar a gestão ambiental de atividades no meio rural, indicando os pontos críticos para correção do manejo, bem como os aspectos favoráveis das atividades, contribuindo para o desenvolvimentolocal sustentável.
Resumo:
2010