Aplicação da tecnologia eletroquímica para a remoção e monitoramento de metais pesados em efluentes aquosos

Heavy metals are present in industrial waste. These metals can generate a large environmental impact contaminating water, soil and plants. The chemical action of heavy metals has attracted environmental interest. In this context, this study aimed to test t he performance of electrochemical technologies for removing and quantifying heavy metals. First ly , the electroanalytical technique of stripping voltammetry with glassy carbon electrode (GC) was standardized in order to use this method for the quantificatio n of metals during their removal by electrocoagulation process (EC). A nalytical curves were evaluated to obtain reliability of the determin ation and quantification of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ separately or in a mixture. Meanwhile , EC process was developed using an el ectrochemical cell in a continuous flow (EFC) for removing Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ . The se experiments were performed using Al parallel plates with 10 cm of diameter (  63.5 cm 2 ) . The optimization of conditions for removing Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ , dissolved in 2 L of solution at 151 L h - 1 , were studied by applying different values of current for 30 min. Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ concentrations were monitored during electrolysis using stripping voltammetry. The results showed that the removal of Pb 2 + was effective when the EC pro cess is used, obtaining removals of 98% in 30 min. This behavior is dependent on the applied current, which implies an increase in power consumption. From the results also verified that the stripping voltammetry technique is quite reliable deter mining Pb 2+ concentration , when compared with the measurements obtained by atomic absorption method (AA). In view of this, t he second objective of this study was to evaluate the removal of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ (mixture solution) by EC . Removal efficiency increasing current was confirmed when 93% and 100% of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ was removed after 30 min . The increase in the current promotes the oxidation of sacrificial electrodes, and consequently increased amount of coagulant, which influences the removal of heavy metals in solution. Adsortive voltammetry is a fast, reliable, economical and simple way to determine Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ during their removal. I t is more economical than those normally used, which require the use of toxic and expensive reagents. Our results demonstrated the potential use of electroanalytical techniques to monitor the course of environmental interventions. Thus, the application of the two techniques associated can be a reliable way to monitor environmental impacts due to the pollution of aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals.

Sistema mecatrônico de tempo real para monitoramento da qualidade da água embarcado em veleiro robótico autônomo

We propose a mechatronic system for monitoring water quality in rivers, lakes, dams and sea, able to perform the acquisition, processing and presentation of data via the web in real time, in order to facilitate analysis quickly and needs by interested communities. The hardware architecture and software monitoring system has been developed so that it can be generic, that is, supporting different applications. Nevertheless, as a validation of the proposed system, we built a prototype that operates embarked on an autonomous robotic sailboat, a responsible platform for collecting the data in multiple predefined points from a ground station with a planning system navigation. This final application combines the advantages of autonomy of a robotic sailboat with the need for fast and accurate monitoring of water quality, in addition to the use of an autonomous robotic sailboat unmanned facilitate the development of other research in this area.

Fuzzy angel: uma arquitetura distribuída de telemedicina para monitoramento de pacientes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica

The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness that leads the patient to death, usually due to respiratory complications. Thus, as the disease progresses the patient will require noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and constant monitoring. This paper presents a distributed architecture for homecare monitoring of nocturnal NIV in patients with ALS. The implementation of this architecture used single board computers and mobile devices placed in patient’s homes, to display alert messages for caregivers and a web server for remote monitoring by the healthcare staff. The architecture used a software based on fuzzy logic and computer vision to capture data from a mechanical ventilator screen and generate alert messages with instructions for caregivers. The monitoring was performed on 29 patients for 7 con-tinuous hours daily during 5 days generating a total of 126000 samples for each variable monitored at a sampling rate of one sample per second. The system was evaluated regarding the rate of hits for character recognition and its correction through an algorithm for the detection and correction of errors. Furthermore, a healthcare team evaluated regarding the time intervals at which the alert messages were generated and the correctness of such messages. Thus, the system showed an average hit rate of 98.72%, and in the worst case 98.39%. As for the message to be generated, the system also agreed 100% to the overall assessment, and there was disagreement in only 2 cases with one of the physician evaluators.

Fuzzy angel: uma arquitetura distribuída de telemedicina para monitoramento de pacientes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica

The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness that leads the patient to death, usually due to respiratory complications. Thus, as the disease progresses the patient will require noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and constant monitoring. This paper presents a distributed architecture for homecare monitoring of nocturnal NIV in patients with ALS. The implementation of this architecture used single board computers and mobile devices placed in patient’s homes, to display alert messages for caregivers and a web server for remote monitoring by the healthcare staff. The architecture used a software based on fuzzy logic and computer vision to capture data from a mechanical ventilator screen and generate alert messages with instructions for caregivers. The monitoring was performed on 29 patients for 7 con-tinuous hours daily during 5 days generating a total of 126000 samples for each variable monitored at a sampling rate of one sample per second. The system was evaluated regarding the rate of hits for character recognition and its correction through an algorithm for the detection and correction of errors. Furthermore, a healthcare team evaluated regarding the time intervals at which the alert messages were generated and the correctness of such messages. Thus, the system showed an average hit rate of 98.72%, and in the worst case 98.39%. As for the message to be generated, the system also agreed 100% to the overall assessment, and there was disagreement in only 2 cases with one of the physician evaluators.

Extensões na arquitetura SDN para o provisionamento de QoS através do monitoramento e uso de múltiplos caminhos

The substantial increase in the number of applications offered through the computer networks, as well as in the volume of traffic forwarded through the network, have hampered to assure adequate service level to users. The Quality of Service (QoS) offer, honoring specified parameters in Service Level Agreements (SLA), established between the service providers and their clients, composes a traditional and extensive computer networks’ research area. Several schemes proposals for the provision of QoS were presented in the last three decades, but the acting scope of these proposals is always limited due to some factors, including the limited development of the network hardware and software, generally belonging to a single manufacturer. The advent of Software Defined Networking (SDN), along with the maturation of its main materialization, the OpenFlow protocol, allowed the decoupling between network hardware and software, through an architecture which provides a control plane and a data plane. This eases the computer networks scenario, allowing that new abstractions are applied in the hardware composing the data plane, through the development of new software pieces which are executed in the control plane. This dissertation investigates the QoS offer through the use and extension of the SDN architecture. Based on the proposal of two new modules, one to perform the data plane monitoring, SDNMon, and the second, MP-ROUTING, developed to determine the use of multiple paths in the forwarding of data referring to a flow, we demonstrated in this work that some QoS metrics specified in the SLAs, such as bandwidth, can be honored. Both modules were implemented and evaluated through a prototype. The evaluation results referring to several aspects of both proposed modules are presented in this dissertation, showing the obtained accuracy of the monitoring module SDNMon and the QoS gains due to the utilization of multiple paths defined by the MP-Routing, when forwarding data flow through the SDN.

Serious Game no tratamento de obesidade infantil: uma proposta de interação natural com monitoramento remoto

The number of overweight people has increased in the last few years. Factors such as attention to diet and changes in lifestyle are crucial in the prevention and control of obesity and diseases related to it. Experts believe that such actions are most effective when initiated during childhood, and that children raised in an environment that encourages physical activity ultimately become healthier adults. However, to arouse and maintain interest in such activities represent a major challenge, which are initially perceived as repetitive and boring, and, thus, soon abandoned. Computer games, traditionally seen as stimulants to a sedentary lifestyle are changing this perception using non-conventional controls that require constant movement of the player. Applications that combine the playfulness of such games to physical activity through devices, like Microsoft Kinect, might become interesting tools in this scenario, by using the familiarity of Natural User Interfaces along with the challenge and the fun of video games, in order to make attractive exercise routines for schoolchildren. The project carried out consists of an exergame composed of several activities designed and implemented with the participation of a Physical Educator, aimed at children between eight and ten years old, whose performance and progress can be remotely monitored by a professional via web interface. The application arising from this work was accompanied by tests with a group of graduating Physical Education students from the University of Rio Verde GO, and subsequently validated through questionnaires whose results are shown on this work.

Pesquisa, desenvolvimento e caracterizacao de materiais dosimetricos para monitoramento em processos de irradiacao com doses altas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos efeitos da radiacao em cristais de KCl com impurezas de Sr

Tese (Doutoramento)

Estudo da distribuição de metais em água, sedimento e organismos aquáticos de rios e reservatórios pertencentes à rede de monitoramento da qualidade dos sedimentos do estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Dissertação (Mestrado)