1000 resultados para Koskinen, Pirkko K.: Tasa-arvolaki
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OBJECTIVE: Studies of major depression in twins and families have shown moderate to high heritability, but extensive molecular studies have failed to identify susceptibility genes convincingly. To detect genetic variants contributing to major depression, the authors performed a genome-wide association study using 1,636 cases of depression ascertained in the U.K. and 1,594 comparison subjects screened negative for psychiatric disorders. METHOD: Cases were collected from 1) a case-control study of recurrent depression (the Depression Case Control [DeCC] study; N=1346), 2) an affected sibling pair linkage study of recurrent depression (probands from the Depression Network [DeNT] study; N=332), and 3) a pharmacogenetic study (the Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression [GENDEP] study; N=88). Depression cases and comparison subjects were genotyped at Centre National de Génotypage on the Illumina Human610-Quad BeadChip. After applying stringent quality control criteria for missing genotypes, departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and low minor allele frequency, the authors tested for association to depression using logistic regression, correcting for population ancestry. RESULTS: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BICC1 achieved suggestive evidence for association, which strengthened after imputation of ungenotyped markers, and in analysis of female depression cases. A meta-analysis of U.K. data with previously published results from studies in Munich and Lausanne showed some evidence for association near neuroligin 1 (NLGN1) on chromosome 3, but did not support findings at BICC1. CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies several signals for association worthy of further investigation but, as in previous genome-wide studies, suggests that individual gene contributions to depression are likely to have only minor effects, and very large pooled analyses will be required to identify them.
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Kirje 5.10.1973
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Kirje 27.11.1956
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The cortical collecting duct (CCD) plays a key role in regulated K(+) secretion, which is mediated mainly through renal outer medullary K(+) (ROMK) channels located in the apical membrane. However, the mechanisms of the regulation of urinary K(+) excretion with regard to K(+) balance are not well known. We took advantage of a recently established mouse CCD cell line (mCCD(cl1)) to investigate the regulation of K(+) secretion by mineralocorticoid and K(+) concentration. We show that this cell line expresses ROMK mRNA and a barium-sensitive K(+) conductance in its apical membrane. As this conductance is sensitive to tertiapin-Q, with an apparent affinity of 6 nM, and to intracellular acidification, it is probably mediated by ROMK. Overnight exposure to 100 nM aldosterone did not significantly change the K(+) conductance, while it increased the amiloride-sensitive Na(+) transport. Overnight exposure to a high K(+) (7 mM) concentration produced a small but significant increase in the apical membrane barium-sensitive K(+) conductance. The mRNA levels of all ROMK isoforms measured by qRT-PCR were not changed by altering the basolateral K(+) concentration but were decreased by 15-45% upon treatment with aldosterone (0.3 or 300 nM for 1 and 3 h). The paradoxical response of ROMK expression to aldosterone could possibly work as a preventative mechanism to avoid excessive K(+) loss which would otherwise result from the increased electrogenic Na(+) transport and associated depolarization of the apical membrane in the CCD. In conclusion, mCCD(cl1) cells demonstrate a significant K(+) secretion, probably mediated by ROMK, which is not stimulated by aldosterone but increased by overnight exposure to a high K(+) concentration.
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Kirje 12.12.1974
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El "cangrejo violáceo", Platyxanthus orbignyi, constituye un recurso marino de aceptación en el mercado y es explotado por los pescadores artesanales. Se realizaron muestreos quincenales, entre febrero 1988 y febrero 1989, utilizando trampas cangrejeras, en cuatro playas de Lambayeque, norte del Perú (San José, Pimentel, Santa Rosa y Eten), a fin de determinar los parámetros de crecimiento y las tasas de mortalidad total (Z) y natural (M). Se capturaron 3711 ejemplares. La talla varió entre 10 y 106 mm de ancho cefalotorácico (Ac). Los estados de muda presentes en la distribución polimodal de frecuencia de talla, fueron separados utilizando una modificación del método de BHATTACHARYA, obteniéndose el Ac de los diferentes estados de muda, que fueron ajustados por la Ley de DYAR. Se determinaron 12 estados de muda para los machos y 11 en las hembras; los incrementos fueron similares entre los estados de muda consecutivos, con un promedio de 8 mm en los machos y 7,7 mm en las hembras. Por muda, esta especie presenta un crecimiento de tipo aritmético y, al ajustar la ecuación de VON BERTALANFFY a la escalonada curva de crecimiento, se determinaron los parámetros de: Loo= 115,46; K = 0276; to = 0,104 en machos; y, Loo= 107,64; K = 0298; to = -0,118 en hembras. La tasa de mortalidad total (Z) se determinó por cinco metodologías cuyos resultados fueron concordantes variando entre 0,90 y 1,23 en machos y de 0,82 a 1,28 en hembras. La tasa de mortalidad natural (M),fue determinada por tres métodos bioanalógicos la cual fluctuó de 0,61 a 0,80 (machos) y de 0,73 a 1,02 (hembras).
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