Mancha de ramularia do algodoeiro: agente etiológico, produção de inóculo, resistência de genótipos e controle integrado

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Discussão da utilização do controle estatístico de processo: análise bibliométrica e estudo de caso em uma empresa do setor alimentício

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização de argilas usadas para produção de cerâmica vermelha e estudo das alterações nas suas propriedades pela adição de resíduos

Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados de caracterização das principais argilas usadas pela indústria cerâmica vermelha regional e, também, de alguns resíduos sólidos produzidos na região de Presidente Prudente - SP. Os resultados da incorporação destes resíduos em massas cerâmicas são avaliados através do estudo de suas propriedades tecnológicas. Para a caracterização dos materiais foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas: análise textural (concentração das frações areia, silte e argila), difratometria de raios X e análise térmica. As propriedades tecnológicas de corpos de prova cerâmicos foram avaliadas através dos seguintes parâmetros: retração linear (RL), perda de massa ao fogo (PF), massa específica aparente (MEA), porosidade aparente (PA), absorção de água (AA) e resistência mecânica à flexão (RMF). Corpos de prova, com diferentes concentrações de resíduos, foram prensados (prensa uniaxial manual) e queimados em temperaturas que variaram de 800 a 1200 oC, usando um forno tipo mufla com controle de temperatura. As argilas sedimentares foram coletadas nas margens do rio Paraná e em áreas de várzea, próximas as cerâmicas. As amostras estudadas, coletadas nos depósitos das cerâmicas, são usadas para produção de tijolos maciços, blocos furados e telhas. Quatro tipos diferentes de resíduos foram estudados: (1) lodo de estação de tratamento de água ETA, (2) torta de filtro de indústria de re-refino de óleo lubrificante, (3) pó de vidro (soda-cal) de garrafa tipo long neck descartável, e (4) cinza de bagaço de cana. Estes resíduos foram incorporados em massas cerâmicas coletadas nas indústrias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Avaliação da auto-suficiência energética em reatores anaeróbios aplicados ao tratamento de resíduos da indústria de produção do etanol

Ethanol, the main automotive biofuel, has its production based on the fermentation of sugars found in biological materials and on the distillation of the alcoholic media formed during the fermentative process. Stillage is the main residue from ethanol production, containing a high organic loading in addition to acidic and corrosive characteristics. Considering the available technologies to treat stillage, we highlight anaerobic digestion, which allows the reduction of the impacts associated to pollutants loading of this effluent and the generation of energy from the methane gas produced in the process. Based on the high treatment efficiency usually associated to the anaerobic process, this work aimed to assess whether anaerobic systems applied to the treatment of stillage are energetically self-sufficient. First we evaluated the energy recovery capacity in an anaerobic reactor applied to the treatment of stillage resulting from corn-to-ethanol processing. The results indicated the great influence that a correct selection of electrical equipment and their respective operating periods have on the net energy balance of the anaerobic treatment. The high energy consumption of the heater would not allow the system to achieve a positive net energy balance – the maximum energy recovery would reach only 0.68% of the consumption. However, the replacement of the mixture equipment would result in energy gains ranging from 8.5 to 967.9% of the consumption. In this work we also assessed the efficiency of methane yields for a few studies and the correlation between some parameters of the anaerobic process. With respect to the methane yield, we noted that mesophilic systems tend to be more advantageous than the thermophilic ones (efficiency of 76.45 ± 22.51% vs. 69.40 ± 30.36%). Considering the study... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Aplicação dos conceitos de RCM e a ferramenta FMEA no aumento de confiabilidade em equipamentos de uma indústria química

The growing demand for quality at competitive prices and fast production process put to the test function in the industrial Maintenance. The need for equipment with high availability to fit this fierce competitiveness makes maintenance becomes essentially reliable. Despite this current context, many companies still have an old view of maintenance, focused only on corrective services, and proposals for change are often neglected due to the sense of urgency day to day. Thus, this study aims to demonstrate through theoretical applicability of simple tool, but of great value in increasing reliability within the maintenance sector of an industry, applying the concepts of Reliability Centered Maintenance – RCM and Analysis tool Failure Modes and Effects – FMEA in equipment of a chemical company directly involved in the manufacturing process of the brake fluid, which this product is used in vehicles around the country. That way, you can identify the types, occurrence and criticality of each failure and evaluate assertively decision making for each device, avoiding unnecessary downtime and potential failures of the same

Uma revisão sobre a resina uréia-formadeído (RUF) empregada na produção de painéis de madeira reconstituída

According to ABIPA (2009), Brazil is currently among the major producers of reconstituted wood panels, with one of the main factors for this condition, its climate and its large land area, which allows the cultivation of forests, which provide raw materials for these industries. To establish that market as power, Brazil has invested about R$ 1.3 billion in the last 10 years, yet designed an investment of 0.8 billion dollars over the next three years (BNDES, 2008). With the new investments in this segment, we expect a growth of about 66% in the resin consumption of urea-formaldehyde (GPC, 2009) which should also result in major investments by the companies producing this polymer. Currently employees are mainly three types of resins in the production industry panels, as follows: Urea-Formaldehyde Resin (R-UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin (R-MF) and Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin (R-FF). Especially the cost factor, the urea-formaldehyde resin is the most used by companies producing reconstituted wood panels. The UF-R is a polymer obtained by condensation of urea and formaldehyde reactors (usually batch type), characterized by being a thermosetting polymer which makes it very efficient for bonding wood composites. The urea-formaldehyde polymer, to present a quite complex, it becomes very difficult to predict the exact chain resulting in the process of condensation of urea with formaldehyde, so that a greater knowledge of its characteristics and methods for their characterization can result in greater control in industrial processes and subsequent decrease cost and improve the quality of reconstituted wood panels produced in Brazil

Análise da confiabilidade de equipamentos em uma indústria química com aplicações de ferramentas da melhoria contínua

The constant search for improvements and the survival of organizations makes the strategic guidelines are deployed and executed at the operational levels. This work is the approach to critical analysis of the equipment of a chemical industry through a case study based on the classification of each equipment manufactures through qualitative and quantitative analysis on the pillars of maintenance costs, loss of production, MTBF, contribution margin, Health Safety and Environment (SHE). From this study and future data collection, along with the flow diagram show the main equipment that should be special attention. To this can be prepared an action plan with deadlines and responsible. With the results one can measure the maintenance costs, loss of production and technical availability of the plant, with future gains

Gestão de Estoques: análise e melhoria do processo de inventário físico em uma indústria siderúrgica

Accuracy in physical inventory process is essential to develop anefficient inventorycontrol. This ensures the availability of products and ensure that the information contained in the information systems areinaccordancewith the reality of inventories. The inventory management policies of the company aim ofthis study established that all the materials in their inventory must becounted, which is proving a challenge. Therefore, the aim of thiswork is to identify the critical inventories and analyze them, seeking flaws and possible improvements in the inventory count process. For this, we used the tools of quality management, such as Pareto and Cause and Effect Diagrams in an action research. The results show that the stocks of finished products are critical in volume and can be hampered by a lack of training and personnel trained in performing the process, as well as limitations in ERP used. With the actions taken against these problems, we could notice an improvement in the process, because the data collection and processing of data has become easier, besides the occurrence of errors decreased. In addition, there was an acceleration in meeting targets compared to the previous period

Verificação da eficiência da metodologia Seis Sigma na redução da divergência de estoque em uma indústria de condutores de fluídos

This work was developed in order to reduce the discrepancy found between the stock data of an item in the system and the amount found physically in stock in the company presented on this study case. Therefore, this paper makes a study on system of information that can assist in the collection, control and manipulation of data regarding the company's stock. It is very important to do the inventory management, so we can control the level of this sub-product to meet sales orders and production. In the study discussed below, we used the Six Sigma methodology to identify points that had flaws in the process and thus improve their work where the results show grater process control and provide a reliable database to the point where no further problems of lack of components in stock

Estudo de caso: aplicação do método DMAIC-White Belt- na redução de latas amassadas em uma produção de leite em pó

This work consists of the implementation of the steps Define, Measure , Analyze , Improve and Control ( DMAIC ) to develop a Six Sigma project in an industry the food industry. The objective was to demonstrate a potential for reducing the occurrence of crushed cans in potting milk powder industry in a White Belt project. The food industry accounts for about 9 % of Brazil's gross domestic product ( GDP ), generating thousands of jobs . Among the major sectors of the food industry is the manufacturing sector of milk , occupies approximately 10 % of the total turnover of the food industry . Brazil is considered today one of the eight largest producers of milk powder in the world. The milk powder is packed , mostly for aluminum cans that are lined internally with varnishes and other materials to protect the milk of metals from aluminum. When the cans are dented food protection is compromised and may lead ingestion causing dis-eases such as botulism. Aiming to solve the problem of dented cans methodology was used as a case study with a quantitative approach through the DMAIC method. Some quality tools used in each step of the project as brainstorming , cause and effect diagram , flowchart , ef-fort and impact matrix, 5W1H , among other Pareto diagram is presented . A survey about the disposal of cans in the company verifying a mean loss and, from this histor-ical , a goal loss was calculated was performed . With the target set we calculated the annual saving design . During application of DMAIC was found that the highest rate of loss occurred in transportation between the factory and the factory that fills cans milk . Several actions were taken to resolve problems that resulted in dented cans and the first two months of phase control it was found that the smaller losses calculated target resulting in a saving for the company. The short time of implementa-tion of the Improve phase did not allow a more detailed a ...

Controle e estimulação de crescimento folicular em doadoras da raça holandesa para a produção in vitro de embriões

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Decisão making or buying: uma aplicação em células de manufatura de uma indústria de produção mecânica

In order to maintain the competitiveness the companies seek for cost reduction and resource optimization. A product or service price is calculated considering direct and indirect costs involved in its fabrication, which means that if an intern indirect process is optimized, the final price of the product is also reduced and becomes more interesting to the final costumer. Considering this reasoning, the companies must evaluate each of their processes and optimize them. It is common to outsource intern products manufacturing as a cost reduction strategy, nevertheless when there are already resources and capability to produce the own goods, it becomes necessary to evaluate the economic gain that each strategy - make or buy - generates. This paper aims to evaluate the necessary support to take a decision regarding making or buying in a production cell of hoses based in the value of economic cost, system cost and decision process

Desempenho de leveduras obtidas em indústria de Mato Grosso do Sul na produção de etanol em mosto a base de cana de açúcar

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Gerenciamento na construção civil - planejamento e controle: estudo de caso no planejamento físico de um empreendimento imobiliário

Given the high competitiveness in the construction industry, businesses became necessary in a management which reduce costs and delivery times, and is fundamental to running a compatible planning with the magnitude of each work order is the same make feasible the executor. When it comes to planning, one is including both the physical planning of the work, time and duration of the events, as well as the preparation of the cost thereof. There are numerous ways to run the management of works, then it is necessary, in most cases, the planning experience, in previous works, the engineer in charge, because with it he should know what strategy to take the work skirt as planned and designed. For a complete and efficient management, an initial study hard to prepare the physical and financial planning it is necessary, in order to make it real and consistent throughout the execution of the work. It is necessary also a hard monitoring of both the physical and the financial schedule in order to what was initially planned to be completed as close as possible. This paper shows a case study which uses some ways to the management be held with the course of planning, medium and short term, as well as the preparation of the initial budget of the work. Will also be presented as is performed physical planning of a real estate work

O efeito do fim do Acordo sobre Têxteis e Vestuários para a indústria brasileira: uma análise a partir da fronteira de produção estocástica

This article investigates the productivity and production function of thirteen large Brazilian textile and clothing companies before and after the end of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (AVT) that abolished import quotas in 2005. For this purpose, we estimate the stochastic production frontier in panel data between 1997 and 2008 and simultaneously an explanatory equation for the (in)efficiency of firms, as proposed by Battese and Coelli (1995). The results indicated that more efficient firms are the oldest. The total factor productivity of firms tended to fall, even after the end of quotas, increasing productivity only from 2007. Overall, firms from Santa Catarina were more efficient than those of other states.