Haram Enoune Men Aini / Cheik Tahar, chant [acc. voc. et instr.]. Rhilt Menek Ya Khaira (suite) / Cheik Madani, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Algérie]

Koun Men Tahchem ; Ghazali ya Ghazali / David Benarouche, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Haram Enoune Men Aini ; Nesber Lallah / Cheik Tahar, chant [acc. instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Algérie]

Dialt Men Tagua ; Chtoukana / Rais Moulay Moh Soussi et sa troupe, chant [acc. voc. et instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Men Yaati Kalbou ; Gharza Men Dar Abouha / Cheloumou Souiri, chant [acc. voc. et instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome.

The human genome encodes the blueprint of life, but the function of the vast majority of its nearly three billion bases is unknown. The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project has systematically mapped regions of transcription, transcription factor association, chromatin structure and histone modification. These data enabled us to assign biochemical functions for 80% of the genome, in particular outside of the well-studied protein-coding regions. Many discovered candidate regulatory elements are physically associated with one another and with expressed genes, providing new insights into the mechanisms of gene regulation. The newly identified elements also show a statistical correspondence to sequence variants linked to human disease, and can thereby guide interpretation of this variation. Overall, the project provides new insights into the organization and regulation of our genes and genome, and is an expansive resource of functional annotations for biomedical research.

Postprandial thermogenesis at rest and during exercise in elderly men ingesting two levels of protein.

Seven elderly male subjects (69 +/- 3 yr, 67.8 +/- 9.2 kg, 24.5 +/- 3.6% body fat) lived for 12 consecutive weeks in a metabolic unit and maintained their weight with two different diets fed for 6 weeks each: Diet A, consisted of their habitual protein intake as determined on the outside by a dietary record (mean +/- SD, 1.12 +/- 0.22 g/kg d). Diet B was an isocaloric diet with reduced protein intake (70 mgN/kg d, i.e., 0.44 g protein/kg d) at the level of physiological protein requirement [7]. After 3 weeks on each diet, the thermogenic response to single meals A and B containing 38% of weight maintenance energy for each subject (731-994 kcal) was studied by indirect calorimetry under two situations: (1) at rest over a 4 hr period and (2) during graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer at four stepwise workloads (0,80, 200, and 300 kg/min). A postabsorptive control exercise was also performed in order to assess the net effect of the meal during exercise. Eating alone increased the energy expenditure by +0.18 +/- 0.07 kcal/min with meal A and +0.13 +/- 0.06 kcal/min with meal B. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.84, p less than 0.01) between the % energy derived from protein and the thermogenic response expressed as % of the energy content of test meal. Exercise failed to influence the thermogenic response to meals since the overall net increase in energy expenditure induced by the meals while exercising was not different from that obtained at rest: +0.22 +/- 0.17 kcal/min and +0.15 +/- 0.13 kcal/min with meal A and meal B, respectively. This study failed to show any interaction between exercise and postprandial thermogenesis in elderly individuals.

Ya Kalbi men Youridue ; Amoudkerene / Cheloumou Souiri, chant [acc. voc. et instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Men Yakoulle ; Moual El Bidhaoui / Cheloumou Souiri, chant [acc. voc. et instr.]

[Traditions. Afrique du Nord. Maroc]

Which change talk dimensions are associated with subsequent drinking among young men receiving a brief motivational intervention in a non-clinical setting?

Background: Patient change talk (CT) during brief motivational interventions (BMI) has been linked with subsequent changes in drinking in clinical settings but this link has not been clearly established among young people in non-clinical populations. Objective: To determine which of several CT dimensions assessed during an effective BMI delivered in a non-clinical setting to 20-year old men are associated with drinking 6 months later. Methods: Of 125 individuals receiving a face-to-face BMI session (15.8 ± 5.4 minutes), we recorded and coded a subsample of 42 sessions using the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code 2.1. Each patient change talk utterance was categorized as `Reason´, `Ability´, `Desire´, `Need´, `Commitment´, `Taking steps´, or `Other´. Each utterance was graded according to its strength (absolute value from 1 to 3) and direction (i.e. towards (positive sign) or away (negative sign) from change/in favor of status quo). `Ability´, `Desire´, and `Need´ to change (`ADN´) were grouped together since these codes were too scarce to conduct analyses. Mean strength scores over the entire session were computed for each dimension and later dichotomized in towards change (i.e. mean core > 0) and away from change/in favor of status quo. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess the relationship between CT dimensions and drinking 6 months later, adjusting for drinking at baseline. Results: Compared to subjects with a `Taking steps´ score away from change/in favor of status quo, subjects with a positive `Taking steps´ score reported significantly less drinking 6 months later (Incidence Rate Ration [IRR] for drinks per week: 0.56, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.31, 1.00). IRR (95%CI) for subjects with a positive `ADN´ score was 0.58, (0.32, 1.03). For subjects with a positive `Reason´, `Commitment´, and `Other´ scores, IRR (95%CI) were 1.28 (0.77; 2.12) 1.63 (0.85; 3.14) and 1.03 (0.61; 1.72), respectively. Conclusion: A change talk dimension reflecting steps taken towards change (`Taking steps´) is associated with less drinking 6 months later among young men receiving a BMI in a non-clinical setting. Encouraging patients to take steps towa change may be a worthy objective for clinicians and may explain BMI efficacy.

Coffee consumption attenuates short-term fructose-induced liver insulin resistance in healthy men.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic and experimental data have suggested that chlorogenic acid, which is a polyphenol contained in green coffee beans, prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether the consumption of chlorogenic acid-rich coffee attenuates the effects of short-term fructose overfeeding, dietary conditions known to increase intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs), and blood triglyceride concentrations and to decrease hepatic insulin sensitivity in healthy humans. DESIGN: Effects of 3 different coffees were assessed in 10 healthy volunteers in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. IHCLs, hepatic glucose production (HGP) (by 6,6-d2 glucose dilution), and fasting lipid oxidation were measured after 14 d of consumption of caffeinated coffee high in chlorogenic acid (C-HCA), decaffeinated coffee high in chlorogenic acid, or decaffeinated coffee with regular amounts of chlorogenic acid (D-RCA); during the last 6 d of the study, the weight-maintenance diet of subjects was supplemented with 4 g fructose · kg(-1) · d(-1) (total energy intake ± SD: 143 ± 1% of weight-maintenance requirements). All participants were also studied without coffee supplementation, either with 4 g fructose · kg(-1) · d(-1) (high fructose only) or without high fructose (control). RESULTS: Compared with the control diet, the high-fructose diet significantly increased IHCLs by 102 ± 36% and HGP by 16 ± 3% and decreased fasting lipid oxidation by 100 ± 29% (all P < 0.05). All 3 coffees significantly decreased HGP. Fasting lipid oxidation increased with C-HCA and D-RCA (P < 0.05). None of the 3 coffees significantly altered IHCLs. CONCLUSIONS: Coffee consumption attenuates hepatic insulin resistance but not the increase of IHCLs induced by fructose overfeeding. This effect does not appear to be mediated by differences in the caffeine or chlorogenic acid content. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00827450.

Correlation Studies BPR Type Roughometer vs. PCE Type Road Meter, MLR-68-2, 1968

The BPR type Roughometer has been used by the Iowa State Highway Commission since 1955 for the evaluation of the relative roughness of the various Iowa road surfaces. Since the commencement of this program, standardized information about the roughness of the various Iowa roads with respect to their type, construction, location and usage has been obtained. The Roughometer has also served to improve the economics and quality of road construction by making the roughness results of various practices available to all who are interested. In 1965, the Portland Cement Association developed a device known as the PCA Road Meter for measuring road roughness. Mounted in a regular passenger car, the Road Meter is a simple electromechanical device of durable construction which can perform consistently with extremely low maintenance. In 1967, the Iowa State Highway Commission's Laboratory constructed a P.C.A. type Road Meter in order to provide an efficient and reliable method for measuring the Present Serviceability Index for the state's highways. Another possibility was that after considerable testing the Road Meter might eventually replace the Roughometer. Some advantages of the Road Meter over the Roughometer are: (1) Road Meter tests are made by the automobile driver and one assistant without the need of traffic protection. The Roughometer has a crew of four men; two operating the roughometer and two driving safety vehicles. (2) The Road Meter is able to do more miles of testing because of its faster testing speed and the fa.ct that it is the only vehicle involved in the testing. (3) Because of the faster testing speed, the Road Meter gives a better indication of how the road actually rides to the average highway traveler. (4) The cost of operating a Road Meter is less than that of a Roughometer because of the fewer number of vehicles and men needed in testing.