Comportamiento y salud en la vejez

Determinados comportamientos pueden ser factores protectores y promotores de salud, o actuar como variables de riesgo de mortalidad prematura, de morbilidad y de discapacidad funcional. Frente a las enfermedades ligadas a la cronología, el comportamiento pasaría a constituir una variable crucial de las enfermedades de biografía. En este artículo se presenta una sucinta revisión de trabajos epidemiológicos que han analizado la relación comportamiento y salud en gerontología. Se presenta también una breve síntesis en relación al estado actual de algunos comportamientos de elección personal implicados en la salud del anciano o de interés para un envejecimiento satisfactorio: fumar, alcohol, ejercicio físico, comportamiento alimentario, hábitos de sueño, y sexo seguro. Finalmente, se sugieren algunas implicaciones prácticas de la revisión, destacando la necesidad de incorporar a las personas de edad en los programas de promoción de comportamientos de salud y de prevención de enfermedad, y de valorar la evidencia científica disponible ala hora de aconsejar cambios en determinados comportamientos de riesgo, sobre todo en aquellos ancianos sin problemas de salud para los que ciertos comportamientos se asocian a un hedonismo ponderado y a disfrute de la vida.

What do older people understand by mobility-related difficulties?

Despite the centrality of the difficulty concept in the study of disability, there has been little research on its significance from the point of view of people with functional limitations. The main objective of this study was to describe what older people understand when asked about difficulty in undertaking mobility activities. As a secondary objective, we considered whether there are any differences depending on the type of activities, according to the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) mobility domains. Methods: Seventeen community-dwelling men and women aged 70 years old or over were interviewed by means of a questionnaire containing 55 items covering the ICF mobility domains. The participants responded to the items while thinking aloud, saying what led them to give a specific answer about their level of difficulty. Inductive content analysis was conducted and categories, subthemes and themes were identified. Results: Causes of difficulty (pathologies, impairments, symptoms) and accommodations (task modifications and use of aids) were the two themes identified; and their importance (and that of the subthemes included) varied across the types of activity. All the participants said that they had no difficulty in at least one task, despite mentioning changes in the way they performed them. Conclusions: Older people's opinions were consistent with theoretical models of disability and with the standard practice of measuring functional limitations by asking about the degree of difficulty; however, the design of these measures needs to be improved in order to detect perceptions of no difficulty in the presence of task modification.

Avós e netos: uma relação intergeracional na perspetiva dos avós: uma realidade na freguesia de Alpalhão

Vivemos num país com uma percentagem cada vez maior de pessoas com 65 ou mais anos. Temos cada vez mais avós para tão poucos netos. Desta forma a importância dos avós no quotidiano dos netos têm vindo a ganhar cada vez mais relevo, dando origem a cada vez mais estudos sobre a problemática. Os avós dos nossos dias são diferentes dos avós de outros tempos. Preocupam-se em ocupar os seus tempos livres de formas diferentes, de educar os netos e estar presentes na vida deles de forma diferente. Devido às alterações que o conceito de família tem vindo a sofrer, às mudanças sociais e à entrada da mulher no mercado de trabalho os avós têm cada vez mais importância como principais cuidadores dos netos. Esse novo papel desempenhado por muitos avós ajuda, contribui e estimula os avós a manterem uma vida ativa, ou seja, contribui para que muitos continuem a sair de casa todos os dias, que estejam presentes em determinados eventos e atividades sociais, culturais e de lazer e que estimulem a atividade cerebral. Nesta dissertação é apresentado um estudo sobre o tema das relações intergeracionais, sobretudo entre avós e netos, e como estas contribuem para a manutenção, influência e promoção de uma vida ativa. É um estudo qualitativo e como instrumento de recolha de dados foram utilizadas entrevistas semidirigidas. O estudo foi desenvolvido na freguesia de Alpalhão e foram estudadas sete avós que se encontram reformadas e estão presentes diariamente na vida dos seus netos. Nas páginas seguintes estão descritas as formas como essas pessoas ocupam os seus tempos livres, que atividades desenvolvem com os netos, que tipo de avós são, as atividades que os netos as incentivam a fazer e a importância da pessoa estudada para a sua família e particularmente, para os seus netos.

Transportation for older Americans - issues and options for the decade of the 1980's. Final report.

Transportation Department, Washington, D.C.

To understand the aging process : the Baltimore longitudinal study of the National Institute on Aging.

Mode of access: Internet.

Age words : a glossary on health and aging.

Mode of access: Internet.

Changes : research on aging and the aged.

Mode of access: Internet.

[SCAN microfiche collection].

This microfiche collection consists of full text documents on aging distributed by the National Clearinghouse on Aging's Service Center for Aging Information (SCAN). This will include SCAN's monthly journal of abstracts, special bibliographies on issues in gerontology, the inventory of federally-funded research on aging, the quarterly and annual inventory of AoA grants and contracts, user guides, the newsletter "SCANNER", and all microfiche produced by the system.

To understand the aging process : the Baltimore longitudinal study of the National Institute on Aging /

Originally published in 1978 by the U.S. Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare, and issued as DHEW publication no. (NIH) 78-134.

Never too old / New York State Joint Legislative Committee on the Problems of Aging.

Cover title.

Transportation, the diverse aged.

Prepared by Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California under Grant No. APR 75-21178.

The Niagara Falls preparation for retirement program.

Mode of access: Internet.

Extending the human life span : social policy and social ethics /

"NSF/RA 770123."

Implications of non-response of older women to a short form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale

The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is frequently used in epidemiological surveys to screen for depression, especially among older adults. This article addresses the problem of non-completion of a short form of the CES-D (CESD-10) in a mailed survey of 73- to 78-year-old women enrolled in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Completers of the CESD-10 had more education, found it easier to manage on available income and reported better physical and mental health. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores for non-completers were intermediate between those for women classified as depressed and not depressed using the CESD-10. Indicators of depression had an inverted U-shaped relationship with the number of missing CESD- 10 items and were most frequent for women with two to seven items missing. Future research should pay particular attention to the level of missing data in depression scales and report its potential impact on estimates of depression.