Dios entre las mónadas : la centralidad del tema de Dios en algunas tesis metafísicas de G. W. Leibniz

Resumen: En el presente trabajo buscaremos introducir ciertas tesis distintivas del pensamiento de Leibniz en lo que respecta a su metafísica subrayando el papel de Dios en cada una de ellas. Fundamentalmente, las tesis a tratar son la teoría de las mónadas y dos teorías que se siguen de ella: la de la armonía preestablecida y la del mejor de los mundos posibles. Además, buscaremos mostrar que las pruebas de la existencia de Dios (o al menos dos de ellas: el denominado “argumento cosmológico” y el denominado “ontológico”), poseen subyacentemente una fundamentación metafísica. En este sentido, no nos centraremos en las pruebas mismas sino en su fundamentación.

Observaciones prácticas del uso del Disyston diez g. en el control de Sogata oryzicola M. en Nicaragua

El Disyston 10 G. es un insecticida sistemico selectivo y actúa por contacto, únicamente sobre plagas que viven en el suelo cuando el producto se ha disuelto. Aunque es muy estable y por lo tanto su residualidad muy prolongada, se puede aplicar en todo cultivo 70 días antes de la cosecha y se evita de esta manera repetir aplicaciones, lo cual significa beneficios económicos. EL buen control obtenido de S. oryzicola, usando este insecticida en el cultivo del arroz, ha proporcionado beneficios económicos dignos de tomarse en cuenta. Así mismo, facilita el aprovechamiento del control biológico natural que para los casos aquí expuestos fue excelente. El control biológico inducido es de esperarse que también se realice. Para el caso especifico del arroz este insecticida debe usarse en los 80 días antes de la cosecha, dependiendo del grado de infestacion de S. oryzicola. Ademas de los insectos chupadores que controla, también resulta efectivo contra insectos que se movilizan en o debajo de la superficie del suelo, manifestando al mismo tiempo un efecto secundario sobre nematodos. Su aplicación tiene la ventaja sobre las formas convencionales, en que por ser granulado y con suficiente peso no es arrastrado por el viento de regular intensidad, los cuales resultarían desastrosos para formulaciones emulsionables y en polvo. Durante se realizaron los recuentos, la S. oryzicola mantuvo niveles reducidos, ayudando en esta forma a mantener los predadores y parásitos, los cuales emigrarían, si la S. oryzicola se eliminara totalmente. Este bajo nivel de población que permaneció en la plantación no fue suficiente para provocar la aparición de síntomas de Hoja Blanca en el cultivo y en el grado necesario para disminuir la producción de grano.

Numerical simulation of g-jitter effects on half floating zone convection under microgravity environment

The g-jitter effects on the thermocapillary convection in liquid bridge of floating half zone were studied by numerical simulation for unsteady and axi-symmetric model in the cylindrical coordinate system. The g-jitter field was given by a steady microgravity field in addition to an oscillatory low-gravity field, and the effects on the flow field, temperature distribution and free surface deformation were analyzed numerically.

G-jitter effects on half floating-zone convection in intermediate-frequency range

The g-jitter influence on thermocapillary convection and critical Marangoni number in a liquid bridge of half-floating rone was discussed in the low frequency range of 0.4 to 1.5 Hz in a previous paper. This paper extended the experiments to the intermediate frequency range of 2 to 18 Hz, which htrs often been recorded as vibration environment of spacecrafts. The experiment was completed on the deck of a vibration machine, which gave a periodical applied acceleration to simulate the effects of g-jitter. The experimental results in the intermediate frequency range are different from that in the low frequency range. The velocity field and the shape of the free surface have periodical fluctuations in response to g-jitter. The amplitude of the periodical varying part of the temperature response decreases obviously with increasing frequency of g-jitter and vanishes almost when the frequency of g-jitter is high enough. The critical Marangoni number is defined to describe the transition from a periodical convection in response to g-jitter to an oscillatory convection due to internal instability, and will increase with increasing g-jitter frequency. According to the spectral analysis, it can be found that the oscillatory part of temperature is a superposition of two harmonic waves if the Marangoni number is larger than a critical value.

Effects of g-jitter on the critical marangoni number

A half floating zone is fixed on a vibrational deck, which supports a periodical applied acceleration to simulate the effect of g-jitter. This paper deals with the effects of g-jitter on the fluid fields and the critical Marangoni number, which describes the transition from a forced oscillation of thermocapillary convection into an instability oscillatory convection in a liquid bridge of half floating zone with top rod heated. The responses of g-jitter field on the temperature profiles and flow pattern in the liquid bridge were obtained experimentally. The results indicated that the critical Marangoni number decreases with the increasing of g-jitter effect and is slightly smaller for higher frequency of g-jitter with fixed strength of applied gravity.

Quantum and variational monte-carlo interaction potentials for li2 (x1-sigma-g+)

Optimized trial functions are used in quantum Monte Carlo and variational Monte Carlo calculations of the Li₂(X ¹&Sigma;⁺_g) potential curve. The trial functions used are a product of a Slater determinant of molecular orbitals multiplied by correlation functions of electron—nuclear and electron—electron separation. The parameters of the determinant and correlation functions are optimized simultaneously by reducing the deviations of the local energy EL (EL  Ψ⁻¹THΨT, where ΨT denotes a trial function) over a fixed sample. At the equilibrium separation, the variational Monte Carlo and quantum Monte Carlo methods recover 68% and 98% of the correlation energy, respectively. At other points on the curves, these methods yield similar accuracies.</sub>

Water quality impacts of mechanical shredding of aquatic macrophytes

We examined the impacts of mechanical shredding (i.e.. shredding plants and leaving biomass in the system) of the water chestnut (Trapa natans) on water quality and nutrient mobilization in a control and experimental site in Lake Champlain (Vermont-New York). A 1-ha plot was mechanically shredded within 1 h on 26 July, 1999. Broken plant material was initially concentrated on the lake surface of the experimental station after shredding, and was noticeable on the lake surface for 19 d. Over a two week period after shredding. concentrations of total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and soluble reactive P increased in the lower water column of the experimental station, coinciding with decomposition of water chestnut. Sediments in the control and experimental stations exhibited vet-v low rates of N and P release and could not account for increases in nutrient concentrations in the water column after mechanical shredding. Shredded plant material deployed in mesh bags at the experimental station lost similar to 70% of their total mass, and 42%, N and 70% P within 14 d. indicating Substantial nutrient mobilization via autolysis and decomposition. Chlorophyll a concentrations increased to 35 g/L at the experimental station on day 7 after shredding, compared to a concentration of 4 g/L at the control station. suggesting uptake of mobilized nutrients by phytoplankton. Disruption Of the Surface canopy of water chestnut by shredding was associated with marked increases in turbidity and dissolved oxygen, suggesting increased mixing at the experimental site.

源于G.I.Taylor工作的现代经典物理学

一位科学家的工作提供了一门完整课程的素材，涉及从流体动力学稳定性、湍流到流体电动力学、微生物的运动．

Starting Nozzle Flow Simulation Using K-G Two-Equation Turbulence Model

The starting process of two-dimensional nozzle flows has been simulated with Euler, laminar and k - g two-equation turbulence Navier-Stokes equations. The flow solver is based on a combination of LUSGS subiteration implicit method and five spatial discretized schemes, which are Roe, HLLE, MHLLE upwind schemes and AUSM+, AUSMPW schemes. In the paper, special attention is for the flow differences of the nozzle starting process obtained from different governing equations and different schemes. Two nozzle flows, previously investigated experimentally and numerically by other researchers, are chosen as our examples. The calculated results indicate the carbuncle phenomenon and unphysical oscillations appear more or less near a wall or behind strong shock wave except using HLLE scheme, and these unphysical phenomena become more seriously with the increase of Mach number. Comparing the turbulence calculation, inviscid solution cannot simulate the wall flow separation and the laminar solution shows some different flow characteristics in the regions of flow separation and near wall.

Notices of Brazil in 1828 and 1929

Contém notas detalhadas da viagem do sacerdote inglês, em meados do Século XIX, às Províncias do Rio de Janeiro e de Minas Gerais, com especial atenção aos fenômenos sociais, enfatizando a situação dos escravos no Brasil, seu tráfico desde o descobrimento até a coroação de D.Pedro I. Reproduz, no apêndice do volume 2, documentos históricos e a partitura do Hino Imperial, composto por D. Pedro I, conforme anotações de Borba de Moraes.