Toxoplasma gondii in experimentally infected Bos taurus and Bos indicus semen and tissues

Eighteen young steers were inoculated with Toxoplasma gondii and randomly distributed into three groups of six animals each: GI, 2.5x10(5) "P" strain oocysts, GII, 5.0x10(6) "RH" strain tachyzoites, and GIII (Control). Clinical, serological and parasitemia exams were realized. Parasite investigation by bioassay and PCR was realized on semen and fragments of skeletal musculature, lymph nodes, brain, retina, spleen, liver, lung, testicle, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Blood and semen samples were collected on days -2, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and weekly thereafter, up to postinfection day (PID) 84. The inoculated steers (GI and GII) presented hyperthermia from PID 3 to 16. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected through the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) on PID 5 (1:16) in both inoculated groups (oocysts and tachyzoites), reaching peaks of 1:4096 on PID 7. Parasitemia outbursts occurred in all infected bovines, principally from PID 7 to 28, independent of the strain and inoculate used. Bioassays revealed the presence of parasites in semen samples of animals infected with oocysts (GI) and tachyzoites (GII) on several experimental days between PID 7 and 84. Tissue parasitism by T. gondii was diagnosed by bioassay and the PCR technique in several organ and tissue fragments. These findings suggest the possibility of sexual transmission of T. gondii in the bovine species.

Molecular epidemiology of type 1 and 2 dengue viruses in Brazil from 1988 to 2001

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that in recent decades has become a major international public health concern. Epidemic dengue fever reemerged in Brazil in 1981. Since 1990 more than one dengue virus serotype has been circulating in this tropical country and increasing rates of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome have been detected every year. Some evidence supports the association between the introduction of a new serotype and/or genotype in a region and the appearance of dengue hemorrhagic fever. In order to study the evolutionary relationships and possible detection of the introduction of new dengue virus genotypes in Brazil in the last years, we analyzed partial nucleotide sequences of 52 Brazilian samples of both dengue type 1 and dengue type 2 isolated from 1988 to 2001 from highly endemic regions. A 240-nucleotide-long sequence from the envelope/nonstructural protein 1 gene junction was used for phylogenetic analysis. After comparing the nucleotide sequences originally obtained in this study to those previously studied by others, and analyzing the phylogenetic trees, we conclude that, after the initial introduction of the currently circulating dengue-1 and dengue-2 genotypes in Brazil, there has been no evidence of introduction of new genotypes since 1988. The increasing number of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases seen in Brazil in the last years is probably associated with secondary infections or with the introduction of new serotypes but not with the introduction of new genotypes.

Men's Basketball Team (1988-89)

Coach: Garney Henley Team (Alphabetically): Bruce Adams, Frank Capretta, Kevin Farrow, David Dennis, Rob Demott, Brian Hayden, Peter Kaija, Steve Kolenko, Leacoft Panton, Kevin Rome, Kevin Stevinson, Glen Tone, Moe Willoughby

Frank Reynolds fonds, 1967-1975, 1988-1990, 2007, n.d.

Frank Reynolds graduated from Brock University in 1970. While a student at Brock Mr. Reynolds was active in student life, as editor of the student newspaper and as president of the student union. He also produced other student publications, including yearbooks. In 1970 he organized the Rock at Brock, which brought various rock groups to the university campus.

Proceedings : Grand Lodge, A.F. & A.M. of Canada in the Province of Ontario - 1988

On spine : The Grand Lodge of Canada in the Province of Ontario.