Craniometric diversity of the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) in Central and South America

The common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus Geoffroy, 1810, is a species with an extensive geographical distribution, occurring in a wide variety of habitats. A recent phylogeographical study using molecular markers described a scenario in which this species is formed by 5 distinct geographically circumscribed mitochondrial clacks. Here we studied the craniometric variation of the common vampire bat to assess the amount of subdivision within this species and to test for the possibility of distinct morphological patterns associated with geographical lineages. We used 16 measurements from 1,581 complete skulls of adult D. rotundus representing 226 localities in South America and Mesoamerica. The assessment of morphological diversity between groups was done by the estimation of minimum F-ST values. Overall, the results show that most of the within-species variation is a result of the size component. Both shape data and size data are correlated with geographic distances. Our results favor the origin of biological diversity as the outcome of genetic drift and stepping-stone pattern of gene flow instead of local adaptations to local environmental conditions. The F-ST analyses also support male-biased dispersal. The results give little evidence to support previous suggestions that the common vampire bat may be composed of 2 or more species.

Temporal variation of genetic diversity and differentiation of albacore, Thunnus alalunga, in the Mediterranean Sea

This study is on albacore (Thunnus alalunga, Bonnaterre 1788), an epi- and mesopelagic oceanic tuna species cosmopolitan in the tropical and temperate waters of all oceans including the Mediterranean Sea, extending in a broad band between 40°N and 40°S. What it’s known about albacore population structure is based on different studies that used fisheries data, RFLP, mtDNA control region and nuDNA markers, blood lectins analysis, individual tags and microsatellite. At the moment, for T. alalunga six management units are recognized: the North Pacific, South Pacific, Indian, North Atlantic, South Atlantic and Mediterranean stocks. In this study I have done a temporal and spatial comparison of genetic variability between different Mediterranean populations of Thunnus alalunga matching an historical dataset ca. from 1920s composed of 43 individuals divided in 3 populations (NADR, SPAIN and CMED) with a modern dataset composed of 254 individuals and 7 populations (BAL, CYP, LIG, TYR, TUR, ADR, ALB). The investigation was possible using a panel of 94 nuclear SNPs, built specifically for the target species at the University of Basque Country UPV/EHU. First analysis done was the Hardy-Weinberg, then the number of clusters (K) was determined using STRUCTURE and to assess the genetic variability, allele frequencies, the average number of alleles per locus, expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosis, and the index of polymorphism (P) was used the software Genetix. Historical and modern samples gives different results, showing a clear loss of genetic diversity over time leading to a single cluster in modern albacore instead of the two found in historical samples. What this study reveals is very important for conservation concerns, and additional research endeavours are needed.

A Watershed Approach to Managing the Natural Resources in South Carolina

Environmental degradation from point and non-point source pollution in the past ten years has made it increasingly clear that threats to aquatic resources cannot adequately be addressed without a more integrated watershed approach to the management. Through comprehensive, qualitative interviews of experts in the watershed approach in South Carolina, recommendations will be made to improve this holistic process. Conducting interviews to compile institutional knowledge on the incentives and barriers from professionals working within the watershed approach will show how managing the natural resources in South Carolina could be more effective and efficient. By gathering experiences of lessons learned, best approach techniques, and suggestions for future watershed planning, several recommendations were made to further the use of the watershed approach in South Carolina.

Rules of practice in the District courts of the United States for the Eastern and Western districts of South Carolina in force on and after January 1, 1940.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Negro bishop movement in the Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina /

Cover title.

Views of prominent places in Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A., illustrating the effects of the earthquake shock, August 31st, 1886, and a sketch of the occurrence ...

Disbound Original Held in Oak Street Library Facility.

Our Campbell ancestors, 1742-1937. Traditions and history of the family of five Campbell brothers and sisters; John, James Douglas, Hester, Mary and Samuel: including what is known of them in New Jersey; York county, Pennsylvania; Union county, South Carolina and in Ohio. A genealogy of the known descendants of John Campbell through his son James, and Samuel Campbell through his son Ralph, also brief ancestral notes on families connected by marriage with the foregoing; viz; Parnell, Clark, Spray, Wilson, Haskett, Mendenhall and Underhill,

Bibliographical foot-notes.

The nullification controversy in South Carolina,

Issued also as thesis (Ph.D.) University of Michigan.

A quarter of a century of public health in Charleston, South Carolina; a progress report of a program for the control of communicable diseases and the promotion of the public health, 1920-1945.

Mode of access: Internet.

Lays of the Palmetto : a tribute to the South Carolina regiment, in the war with Mexico /

Photocopy.

Speech of John Thompson Brown (of Petersburg,) in the House of Delegates of Virginia, in Committee of the Whole, on the state of the relations between the United States and South Carolina.

Mode of access: Internet.

The secession movement in South Carolina, 1847-1852,

Mode of access: Internet.

The life of Gen. Francis Marion, a celebrated partisan officer in the Revolutionary War, against the British and Tories in South Carolina and Georgia /

First published in 1809.

A sketch of the Negro in politics, especially in South Carolina and Mississippi /

Photocopy. Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International, 1979.--21 cm.

The duty of executors and administrators ... shewing also who are entitled by law to be the administrators of an intestate person : with full and clear directions to a man's relations how his estate will be distributed among them, according to the laws of South-Carolina. To which are prefixed, all the statutes and acts relative to these subjects, Mr. Blackstone's rules for interpreting wills and deeds, and a table of inheritance, with a concise and easy explanation thereof. To which is added, a variety of precedents of wills, codicils,&c., with instructions for every person to make, alter and republish his will; and likewise, all the forms made use of in the Court of ordinary.

Mode of access: Internet.