494 resultados para DeLone e McLean


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Reproduction of original from Harvard Law School Library.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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The biology of Paryphanta busbyi watti, an endangered carnivorous land snail, was studied mostly by following large juvenile and adult snails with harmonic radar. The snails are nocturnally active and most (79%) hide during the day under leaf litter or in dense vegetation. Fecal analysis showed that the diet is primarily earthworms, but some cannibalism of smaller snails occurs. Empty shells appear to be an additional source of dietary calcium. Mating occurred most frequently between April and July. Mating snails stayed together for 4-7 days, and each pair reversed their positions at least twice. Four snails were first found mating 151-1240 d after they acquired adult shells, and 7 snails were observed mating a second time after 66-298 d. We found 8 nests and observed 6 snails ovipositing; 5 snails laid eggs in holes they dug and one laid eggs in a crevice between rocks. In 2 instances, oviposition was recorded 52 and 140 d after mating. Snails were estimated to lay on average similar to17.5 eggs per year in 3-5 clutches. Most oviposition was observed in August/September, but some occurred between November and February. Of the snails that died, pigs killed 13.6% and humans inadvertently killed another 13.6%. Other snails died from unknown causes mostly during the drier and warmer months, from November to April. This large land snail survives in the presence of introduced predators, but some life history traits could predispose it to a rapid decline in numbers if new predators arrive.

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Slag composition determines the physical and chemical properties as well as the application performance of molten oxide mixtures. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a routine instrumental technique to produce accurate and precise analytical results for better process and production control. In the present paper, a multi-component analysis technique of powdered metallurgical slag samples by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRFS) has been demonstrated. This technique provides rapid and accurate results, with minimum sample preparation. It eliminates the requirement for a fused disc, using briquetted samples protected by a layer of Borax(R). While the use of theoretical alpha coefficients has allowed accurate calibrations to be made using fewer standard samples, the application of pseudo-Voight function to curve fitting makes it possible to resolve overlapped peaks in X-ray spectra that cannot be physically separated. The analytical results of both certified reference materials and industrial slag samples measured using the present technique are comparable to those of the same samples obtained by conventional fused disc measurements.

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Thousands of self-help organisations (SHOs) exist in Australia but little is known about how they relate to the mainstream health care system. This qualitative study, based in south-east Queensland, aimed to identify examples of collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and SHOs in order to examine the attributes of successful partnerships. Representatives of six SHOs, identified by key informants as having good collaborative links with GPs, and seven GPs with whom they collaborated, completed semi-structured interviews. The interviews focused on evidence of collaboration and perceptions of benefits and barriers experienced. Maximum variation sampling enabled a cross-section of SHOs in terms of size, funding, and health issue. Although GPs readily identified SHO benefits, they referred patients to them only rarely. SHO credibility, evidence of tangible benefits for patients, ease of contacting the SHO, and correspondence between the SHO?s focus and the GP?s personal and professional interests appear to contribute to the success of partnerships. We conclude that mutually beneficial partnerships between GPs and SHOs exist but are under-utilised. A more coordinated effort is needed to strengthen links between the two sectors.

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Objective: Deficits in olfactory identification have been demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia. This study examined the interaction between smoking and olfactory identification in patients with psychotic disorders versus well controls. Method: Olfactory identification was assessed in three groups of subjects using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Sixteen patients with affective psychoses, 22 patients with nonaffective psychoses, and 21 well controls were tested. Results: There was a significant interaction between diagnostic classification (patient or control) and smoking. Patients who were smokers scored higher on the UPSIT than non-smokers, while controls who were smokers scored lower than non-smokers. Conclusions: Smoking may have a 'normalising' effect on olfactory identification in some patients with psychosis. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship between psychosis, olfactory identification and the effects of nicotine.

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In recent years, many sorghum producers in the more marginal (

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Two studies in the context of English-French relations in Québec suggest that individuals who strongly identify with a group derive the individual-level costs and benefits that drive expectancy-value processes (rational decision-making) from group-level costs and benefits. In Study 1, high identifiers linked group- and individual-level outcomes of conflict choices whereas low identifiers did not. Group-level expectancy-value processes, in Study 2, mediated the relationship between social identity and perceptions that collective action benefits the individual actor and between social identity and intentions to act. These findings suggest the rational underpinnings of identity-driven political behavior, a relationship sometimes obscured in intergroup theory that focuses on cognitive processes of self-stereotyping. But the results also challenge the view that individuals' cost-benefit analyses are independent of identity processes. The findings suggest the importance of modeling the relationship of group and individual levels of expectancy-value processes as both hierarchical and contingent on social identity processes

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We previously demonstrated that olfactory cultures front individuals with schizophrenia had increased cell proliferation compared to Cultures from healthy controls. The aims of this study were to (a) replicate this observation in a new group Of individuals with schizophrenia, (b) examine the specificity of these findings by including individuals with bipolar I disorder and (c) explore gene expression differences that may underlie cell cycle differences in these diseases. Compared to controls (n = 10), there was significantly more mitosis in schizophrenia patient cultures (it = 8) and significantly more cell death in the bipolar I disorder patient cultures (n=8). Microarray data showed alterations to the cell cycle and phosphatidylinositol signalling pathways in schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, respectively. Whilst caution is required in the interpretation of the array results, the study provides evidence indicating that cell proliferation and cell death in olfactory neuroepithelial cultures is differentially altered in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.