A Pd-24 Pregnant Molecular Nanoball: Self-Templated Stellation by Precise Mapping of Coordination Sites

We found that Pd(II) ion (M) and the smallest 120 bidentate donor pyrimidine (L-a) self-assemble into a mononuclear M(L-a)(4) complex (1a) instead of the expected smallest M-12(L-a)(24) molecular ball (1), presumably due to the weak coordination nature of the pyrimidine. To construct such a pyrimidine bridged nanoball, we employed a new donor tris(4-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl)amine (L); which upon selective complexation with Pd(II) ions resulted in the formation of a pregnant M24L24 molecular nanoball (2) consisting of a pyrimidine-bridged Pd-12 baby-ball supported by a Pd-12 larger mother-ball. The formation of the baby-ball was not successful without the support of the mother-ball. Thus, we created an example of a self-assembly where the inner baby-ball resembling to the predicted M-12(L-a)(24) ball (1) was incarcerated by the giant outer mother-ball by means of geometrical constraints. Facile conversion of the pregnant ball 2 to a smaller M-12(L-b)(24) ball 3 with dipyridyl donor was achieved in a single step.

Microbial community profiling shows dysbiosis in the lesional skin of Vitiligo subjects

Healthy human skin harbours a diverse array of microbes that comprise the skin microbiome. Commensal bacteria constitute an important component of resident microbiome and are intricately linked to skin health. Recent studies describe an association between altered skin microbial community and epidemiology of diseases, like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis etc. In this study, we compare the differences in bacterial community of lesional and non-lesional skin of vitiligo subjects. Our study reveals dysbiosis in the diversity of microbial community structure in lesional skin of vitiligo subjects. Although individual specific signature is dominant over the vitiligo-specific microbiota, a clear decrease in taxonomic richness and evenness can be noted in lesional patches. Investigation of community specific correlation networks reveals distinctive pattern of interactions between resident bacterial populations of the two sites (lesional and non-lesional). While Actinobacterial species constitute the central regulatory nodes (w.r.t. degree of interaction) in non-lesional skin, species belonging to Firmicutes dominate on lesional sites. We propose that the changes in taxonomic characteristics of vitiligo lesions, as revealed by our study, could play a crucial role in altering the maintenance and severity of disease. Future studies would elucidate mechanistic relevance of these microbial dynamics that can provide new avenues for therapeutic interventions.

La Transferencia y La Educación Técnica en Campo en el Instituto Nicaragüense de Tecnología Agropecuaria: Caso Municipio de Niquinohomo departamento de Masaya en el período de Marzo-Agosto 2014

El presente documento refiere a la realización de un proceso de intercambio del egresado de la carrera Licenciatura en Desarrollo Rural de la Facultad de Desarrollo Rural de la Universidad Nacional Agraria al mundo laboral que puede realizarse en cualquier institución pública, en cooperativas, empresas u ONG presentes en los departamentos o municipios de Nicaragua. En los meses de Julio a Agosto de los años dos mil doce y dos mil trece se realizaron practicas pre profesionales en la Delegación INTA ubicada en el departamento de Masaya mediante la experiencia adquirida permitió la oportunidad a otro nivel como lo es la pasantías como requisito de graduación.Por lo cual se logra realizar las pasantías en el Instituto Nicaragüense de Tecnología Agropecuaria INTA Región IV. Durante un periodo de seis meses comprendido de Marzo a Agosto del año dos mil catorce en la oficina de Transferencia y Educación Técnica en Campó (ETC). El Instituto Nicaragüense de Tecnología Agropecuaria tiene la misión de Investigar, generar y adaptar tecnologías agropecuarias en correspondencia con las necesidades de desarrollo del sector agropecuario nacional, fortaleciendo el trabajo de pequeños y medianos productores.El INTA está presente en la Región IV por medio de las delegaciones en los departamentos de Masaya, Granada, Rivas y Carazo. Atendiendo a los municipios y comunidades pertenecientes a los departamentos antes mencionado. La oficina de Transferencia y Educación Técnica en Campo del Instituto Nicaragüense de Tecnología Agropecuaria Región IV. Ubicada en el municipio de Masatepe del departamento de Masaya.Dondese desarrollaron funcionestales como el apoyo a capacitaciones metodológicas y técnicas de los módulos de Madre Tierra, Manejo sostenible de suelo y agua y Manejo sostenible de granos Básicos que se impartieron a Facilitadores del Sistema Nacional de Producción Consumo y Comercio (SNPCC), al igual que a protagonistas productores jóvenes y adultos de la comunidad “Justo Romero” del municipio de Niquinohomo. Dentro de estas mismas actividades se realizaron seguimiento, acompañamiento, elaboración de formatos, presentaciones, informes cualitativos y cuantitativos, elaboración y preparación de materiales didácticoscomo carteles y papelógrafos para la facilitación de talleres y capacitaciones, cabe mencionar que se participó como facilitador del Programa Nacional Educación Técnica en Campo “Augusto Cesar Sandino” que sus siglas conocido como PNETC/ACS en donde al final se graduaron 20 protagonistas como técnicos en campo.Hay que destacar que en el proceso de pasantía se tomaron lecciones aprendidas respecto al trabajo en equipo, a la buena comunicación, la motivación para facilitar un taller o capacitación, a la aplicación de dinámicas participativa y la obtención de conocimientos técnico agropecuario aplicado en el campo.También hay que mencionar que la aplicación de dinámicas participativas es muy importante que los técnicos INTA puedan aplicarlos para que estos puedan tener una mejor comunicación, retroalimentación y convivencia con los productores en la ETC. Y que esto pueda servir como herramienta de motivación a los protagonistas productores.

MAP CAMP Project "Lebanon": final integrated project document

(287 page document)

Use of Sediment Bioassays to Verify Efficacy of Caulerpa taxifolia Eradication Treatments

Infestations of the marine macrophytic alga Caulerpa taxifolia were discovered in Agua Hedionda Lagoon, California in 2000. Rapid response actions included containment under pvc tarps coupled with injection of liquid sodium hypochlorite. To assess the efficacy of these treatments, replicated sediment cores were removed from representative treated sites and transferred to grow-out facilities. Similar cores from uninfested (control) sediments were removed, inoculated with viable explants of C. taxifolia and placed in grow-out facilities. Results from two sampling periods (1 year, 2 years post-treatment) showed that no viable C. taxifolia emerged in cores, and that inoculated “control” sediments supported normal growth. Eelgrass ( Zostera marina L.) seedlings emerged from native seed-banks in “treated” cores, which also supported growth of some invertebrates (annelid worms and hydroids). This study provided essential verification of C. taxifolia eradication efforts, and demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating quality control/quality assurance components in rapid response actions. Results of this study also suggest that seeds of eelgrass are viable for at least two years. (PDF has 9 pages.)

Evaluation of SP1001 (Pelargonic Acid) in Combination with Glyphosate on Cattail and Alligatorweed

Cattail (Typha latifolia L.) is a common and troublesome weed in shallow, freshwater environments throughout the United States. Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.)Griseb.), in spite of the introduction and success of several insects as biological controls, remains a troublesome we4ed in a a number of locations in the Southeast where there are frequent human disturbances (e.g., insecticide spraying, mechaniceal removal, etc.) and/or weather conditions that affect the life cycle of the insects (Kay1992, Vogt et al. 1992). Both of these weeds routinely are managed by foliar applications of the herbicide, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]. Regrowth and reinfestation of previously treated areas usually necessitates additional herbicide application during subsequent years. A new product that could enhance the activity of glyphosate on these weeds would be useful in their management. In 1997, SePRO Corp. initiated t4esting of an experimental compound, SP1001, to determine its efficacy either as a herbicide or as an adjuvant to boost the activity of glyphosate for use in aquatic sites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for using SP1001 as an adjuvant to replace surfactants customarily used during application of glyphosate for control of cattail and alligatorweed.

Seasonal Changes in Chemical Composition of Eurasion Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) and Water Temperature at Two Sites in northern California: implications for Herbivory

We compared seasonal changes in Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) characteristics and water temperature for a shallow poind in Davis, CA, and the Truckee River, near Tahoe City, CA. Tissue C and N were 15% lower in plants from the Truckee River than in plants from the Davis pond. Seasonal fluctuations in tissue N were also different. Mean phenolic acid content of Truckee River palnts (162yM g-1) was less than those from the shallow pond (195 yM g-1). Phenolic acid content was positively related to tissue C for Truckee River and Davis pond plants and, tissue C:N ratio for Truckee River plants. Mean monthly water temperature (1990 to 1998) for the Truckee River site was less than 20 C. Water temperatures were warmer in August and September at this site. However, Eurasian watermilfoil collected during these months was characterized by lower levels of tissue N. During a 29-month period beginning January 1994, mean monthly water temperature for the Davis pond exceeded 20 C, only during July to September 1995. Tissue N was generally greater during summer for watermilfoil growing in the pond. These results imply that Eurasian watermilfoil biological control agents may have different developmental rates in these habitats, and thus different impacts on watermilfoil populations.

Legislação brazileira, ou, Collecção chronologica das leis, decretos, resoluções de consulta, provisões, etc., etc., do Império do Brazil, desde o anno de 1808 até 1831 inclusive, contendo : além do que se acha publicado nas melhores collecções, para mais de duas mil peças ineditas colligidas pelo Conselheiro Jose Paulo de Figueirôa Nabuco Araujo

v. 1. ano de 1808 a 1811. 1836 -- v. 2. ano de 1812 a 1818 -- v. 3. ano de 1819 a 1822. 1837 -- v. 4 ano de 1823 a 1824. 1838 -- v. 5. ano a 1826. 1838 -- v. 6. ano de 1827 a 1828. 1841 -- v. 7. ano de 1829 a 1831 e índice. 1844.

El impacto de las nuevas tecnologías: producción cultural, profesionalización, etc.

Ponencia leída en el Foro de Comunicaciones IkasArt II (BEC Barakaldo, 2010.06.18)

El impacto de las nuevas tecnologías: producción cultural, profesionalización, etc.

Ponencia leída en el Foro de Comunicaciones IkasArt II (BEC Barakaldo, 2010.06.18)