Caracter?sticas antropom?tricas y motoras en porteros de f?tbol, categor?a pre-juvenil de la Escuela de F?tbol de la Universidad del Valle

Los porteros de f?tbol son un componente muy importante dentro de un equipo de f?tbol donde se debe tener en cuenta las caracter?sticas de este a la hora de selecci?n deportiva y especificidad del jugador ya que de dicha selecci?n depende del futuro de un talento deportivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las caracter?sticas antropom?tricas y motoras de los porteros de la escuela de f?tbol de la Universidad del Valle categor?a pre-juvenil en un estudio de car?cter descriptivo y de corte transversal. Para lograr este objetivo se evaluaron 10 futbolistas en la posici?n de porteros con edades de 13 y 14 a?os de edad ni?as de 12 y 13 a?os pertenecientes a la escuela de futbol de la universidad del valle. Se midieron variables antropom?tricas como masa corporal, estatura, I.M.C, envergadura; mediciones de per?metros como t?rax, brazo contra?do, brazo relajado, antebrazo, cintura, cadera, muslo, pierna; para la composici?n corporal se midieron los pliegues subescapular, tr?ceps, b?ceps, antebrazo, t?rax, supra-il?aco, abdomen, muslo, pierna y para el componente de desarrollo motor: resistencia, velocidad, fuerza miembro superior e inferior. En general nuestros porteros de 14 y 15 a?os obtuvieron promedios similares en todas las variables, las diferencias observadas en sus promedios son normales durante el crecimiento y desarrollo. Hubo muchas diferencias en los promedios arrojados en el componente de flexibilidad ya que este fue donde sacaron un promedio no favorable y programar trabajar esta cualidad en los entrenamientos.

Astaxanthin profiles and corresponding colour properties in Australian farmed black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) during frozen storage

The colour of commercial cooked black tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon) is a key quality requirement to ensure product is not rejected in wholesale markets. The colour, due to the carotenoid astaxanthin, can be impacted by frozen storage, but changes in colour or astaxanthin profile, during frozen storage, have not been studied in detail. Subsequently in this study, the aims were to define the astaxanthin (as cis, trans, mono-ester and di-ester forms) content, together with the colour properties, in both pleopods (legs) and abdominal segments. Changes in astaxanthin content and colour properties were further determined during frozen storage (−20°C). Total astaxanthin content was seen to decrease in all samples over time, with the rate of degradation being significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pleopods than abdomen. In both pleopods and abdomen, rate of degradation of esterified forms was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than non-esterified forms. Hue angle (increase), a* value (decrease) and L value (increase) were all seen to significantly change (P < 0.05) during storage, with changes being more prevalent in the pleopods. The pleopods are the key indicator of astaxanthin and colour loss in cooked black tiger prawns and preservation strategies are required to preserve astaxanthin and colour during frozen storage.

Determinación de la eficacia del score diagnóstico de apendicitis en el departamento de emergencia del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de Cuenca en el período febrero - julio 2007

Se realizó un estudio trasversal en una población de 306 pacientes con diagnóstico de abdomen agudo no traumático, validación de la prueba diagnóstica y factores asociados en 129 con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda; el grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por pacientes de edad comprendida entre los 16 y 75 años. Los datos fueron recolectados, por los autores, en un formulario estructurado y analizados con el software SPSS. Resultados: la prevalencia de apendicitis aguda, en la población de 306 pacientes, fue del 42(IC 9533.5-50.5). En los 129 con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda, el Score dio positivo en el 92.2de los casos comparado con el resultado de anatomía patológica. La asociación entre apendicitis aguda con el sexo dio una razón de prevalencia (PR) de 0.98 IC 950.89-1.08), p=1.00; con el antecedente familiar de apendicitis una RP 0.94 (IC 950.78-1.14) p=0.36 y con alimentación de frutas con semilla RP 1.088 (IC 951.03-1.15) p=1.000 (test exacto de Fisher). La sensibilidad para la prueba diagnóstica, score para apendicitis, fue del 94.96, la especificidad del 60, el valor predictivo positivo del 96.6, el valor predictivo negativo del 50y el índice de Kappa del 0.5 con una p=0.000. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de apendicitis fue del 42; se encontró asociación significativa con alimentación con frutas con semilla. La sensibilidad del score para apendicitis fue del 94.96y la especificidad del 60

Experimental demonstration of possible cryptic female choice on male tsetse fly genitalia

artículo -- Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, 2009. Este documento es privado debido a restricciones de derechos de autor del publicador.

Lavado peritoneal como método diagnóstico de lesión intraabdominal. Estudio en pacientes politraumatizados con sospecha de trauma abdominal cerrado y con herida penetrante abdominal por arma blanca, en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, octubre de 1998 a julio de 1999. Cuenca-Ecuador

Analizamos en base a nuestra experiencia apoyados por bibliografía reciente, la importancia, validez, precisión y actualidad del Lavado Peritoneal como método diagnóstico de lesión intraabdominal en pacientes con trauma contuso y penetrante por arma blanca hemodinámicamente estables que cumplían los criterios de inclusión predeterminados para el caso. Durante un período de 10 meses desde Octubre de 1998 a Julio de 1999, tomando como Universo a los pacientes politraumatizados de la sala de emergencia del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de Cuenca - Ecuador, se obtuvo una muestra de 50 casos con sospecha de lesión intraabdominal por trauma abdominal contuso o herida penetrante por objeto corto punzante, en quienes se efectuó un estudio cuasi experimental descriptivo al ser sometido a lavado peritoneal diangóstico para determinar casos positivos, negativos, falsos positivos y falsos negativos. Se utilizó la técnica abierta de Fisher por considerarla la más segura y con menos complicaciones. Se decidió laparotomía de urgencia en los casos positivos registrándose los hallazgos transoperatorios. Se obtuvieron 27 lavados positivos, 20 negativos, un falso positivo que al ser laparotomizado se comprobó que la sangre en cavidad provenía de la pared del abdomen y dos falsos negativos que se desestabilizaron hemodinámicamente, presentaron reacción peritoneal y también fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Por lo tanto, se realizaron 30 laparotomías, justificándose 27, dos resultaron ser los casos falsos negativos y una sola laparotomía fue innecesaria. Las complicaciones por el procedimiento estuvieron ausentes. En este estudio, el Lavado Peritoneal Diagnosticó demostró una sensibilidad del 93.1 por ciento especificidad del 95.2 por ciento, un valor predictivo positivo del 96.4 por ciento, un valor predictivo negativo del 90.9 por ciento; datos que se equiparan con otros estudios. De acuerdo a la experiencia realizada concluimos que el Lavado Peritoneal Diagnóstico constituye una prueba efectiva, precisa, rápida, económica para la manejor evaluación clínica en centros de baja complejidad o faltos de otros métodos complementarios diagnósticos como ultrasonido o T.A.C. y que ante su existencia, el Lavado Peritoneal Diagnóstico es coadyuvante, por tanto, debe formar parte de los protocolos de valoración de traumatismo abdominal en nuestros hospitales

A Case of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia imitating Crohn's disease

Objectives: We present an atypical case of chronic mesenteric ischemia with weight loss as only clinical manifestation and endoscopic findings imitating Crohn´s disease. Materials and Methods: A CT Angiography of abdomen confirmed the diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia after total occlusion of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. Results: The patient died due to severe sepsis, as a result of extended bowel infarction. Conclusions: The diagnosis of chronic mesenteric ischemia requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and can be life-saving if early conducted.

Perfuração espontânea de colédoco em adolescente

Spontaneous perforation of the common bile duct is rare. It happens predominantly in children and it is related to obstructive disease of the biliary tract. We present a case of an 18 year-old male patient, with ulcerative rectocolitis associated with malignant tumor of the head of pancreas. The patient developed an acute abdomen syndrome and laparotomy, a spontaneous perforation of common bile duct was evidenced. The authors make a revision of the clinical aspects of that pathology

Just Another Pelvic Mass?

Objectives: To describe the case of a patient presenting with weight loss and a pelvic mass. Materials and methods: We performed an advanced search in MEDLINE using the key words "wasting syndrome", "actinomycosis" and "pelvic mass". Results: A 63-year-old woman had a well-delimited and tender pelvic mass and was found to be anaemic. Before scans were performed, clinicians considered malignancy and other diagnoses. Conclusion: Actinomycosis is a chronic infection that usually affects the abdomen. Because of the lack of specificity of clinical and radiological findings, a multidisciplinary approach is the keypoint for making an accurate diagnosis.

An assessment to pathogenicity of Streptococcus iniae obtained from rainbow trout fish in Fars Province

In order to evaluating Streptoccocus iniae pathogenicity recovered from trout in Fars province a total number of 400 healthy (15-20g) fingerling fish specimens which were kept in 1000 liters ponds and after spending compatibility (adaptation) period in new environment and desired condition as aspect of temperature, pH, food and density relative to accomplish disease experiments in interamusclar injection method with 3 × 10 3 , 3 × 10 4, 3 × 10 5, 3 × 10 6 ,3 × 10 7 bacterium cell dilutions per each fish, interaperitonal method with 2 × 10 3 , 2 × 10 4, 2 × 10 5, 2 × 10 6 ,2 × 10 7 dilutions of bacterium cell and in water bath method with 2 × 10 3 , 2 × 10 4, 2 × 10 5, 2 × 10 6 2 × 107 dilutions in 20 degree centigrade temperature were used. Control groups according to above (mentioned) method with 0.1cc sterile physiological serum per each fish were injected. Clinical and autopsy signs that observed in injected groups were includes: body darkness, swelling of abdomen, exophthalmy sometime with eye ocular haemorrhagy, anal (rectal) prolaps, blood congestion and petechia in muscles and congestion and haemorrhagy in intestines. Infectious results in interamusclar injection shown that, mortality 22 hours after injection begans and in 3 × 107 cells dilution per each fish 30 hours pass the injection was reached above 50 percent, so that the amount of LD50/ 30h in 3 × 10 7 cells per each fish was estimated. In interaperitonal injection method was shown those 20 hours after injection mortality begins and up to maximum 80 hours after continued and 32 hours after injection in 2 × 10 7 cells dilution mortality was reached above 50 percent, so that LD50 /32 hour in 2 × 10 7 cell dilution per each fish estimated. In water bath method even after sparing 15 days mortality had been too low which indicating long process of disease. By microscopic study of tissues, dilatation of bowman capsule, shrinkage of glomerols, increasing of melano macrophage centers, degeneration, necrosis of urine tubules in kidney tissue, dilatation of sinusoids, congestion of hepatic vessels, increasing of melanoma macrophages and hepatocite vacuolization in liver tissue, spleen congestion, heart pericardit, ocular haemorrhagy, congestion, edema and separating of basement membrane from gill secondary lamellae can be referred.

A Fatal Case of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome After Paralytic Bowel in a Patient Taking Antiparkinson Medication

Objectives: We report a fatal case of neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome, which occurred as a consequence of paralytic bowel in a 72-year-old woman on treatment with antiparkinson medication. Case description: Contrast enhanced computerized tomography of the chest and abdomen demonstrated the presence of paralytic bowel. Results: The patient died. Conclusions: Physicians involved in the treatment of patients affected by Parkinson’s disease should take into consideration the possibility of dopaminergic drug malabsorption due to paralytic bowel as a possible cause of neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome.

Prevalence and associations of Trypanosoma spp. and Sodalis glossinidius with intrinsic factors of tsetse flies

Trypanosomiasis has been identified as a neglected tropical disease in both humans and animals in many regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Whilst assessments of the biology of trypanosomes, vectors, vertebrate hosts and the environment have provided useful information about life cycles, transmission, and pathogenesis of the parasites that could be used for treatment and control, less information is available about the effects of interactions among multiple intrinsic factors on trypanosome presence in tsetse flies from different sites. It is known that multiple species of tsetse flies can transmit trypanosomes but differences in their vector competence has normally been studied in relation to individual factors in isolation, such as: intrinsic factors of the flies (e.g. age, sex); habitat characteristics; presence of endosymbionts (e.g. Wigglesworthia glossinidia, Sodalis glossinidius); feeding pattern; host communities that the flies feed on; and which species of trypanosomes are transmitted. The purpose of this study was to take a more integrated approach to investigate trypanosome prevalence in tsetse flies. In chapter 2, techniques were optimised for using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to identify species of trypanosomes (Trypanosoma vivax, T. congolense, T. brucei, T. simiae, and T. godfreyi) present in four species of tsetse flies (Glossina austeni, G. brevipalpis, G. longipennis and G. pallidipes) from two regions of eastern Kenya (the Shimba Hills and Nguruman). Based on universal primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 region (ITS-1), T. vivax was the predominant pathogenic species detected in flies, both singly and in combination with other species of trypanosomes. Using Generalised Linear Models (GLMs) and likelihood ratio tests to choose the best-fitting models, presence of T. vivax was significantly associated with an interaction between subpopulation (a combination between collection sites and species of Glossina) and sex of the flies (X2 = 7.52, df = 21, P-value = 0.0061); prevalence in females overall was higher than in males but this was not consistent across subpopulations. Similarly, T. congolense was significantly associated only with subpopulation (X2 = 18.77, df = 1, P-value = 0.0046); prevalence was higher overall in the Shimba Hills than in Nguruman but this pattern varied by species of tsetse fly. When associations were analysed in individual species of tsetse flies, there were no consistent associations between trypanosome prevalence and any single factor (site, sex, age) and different combinations of interactions were found to be significant for each. The results thus demonstrated complex interactions between vectors and trypanosome prevalence related to both the distribution and intrinsic factors of tsetse flies. The potential influence of the presence of S. glossinidius on trypanosome presence in tsetse flies was studied in chapter 3. A high number of Sodalis positive flies was found in the Shimba Hills, while there were only two positive flies from Nguruman. Presence or absence of Sodalis was significantly associated with subpopulation while trypanosome presence showed a significant association with age (X2 = 4.65, df = 14, P-value = 0.0310) and an interaction between subpopulation and sex (X2 = 18.94, df = 10, P-value = 0.0043). However, the specific associations that were significant varied across species of trypanosomes, with T. congolense and T. brucei but not T. vivax showing significant interactions involving Sodalis. Although it has previously been concluded that presence of Sodalis increases susceptibility to trypanosomes, the results presented here suggest a more complicated relationship, which may be biased by differences in the distribution and intrinsic factors of tsetse flies, as well as which trypanosome species are considered. In chapter 4 trypanosome status was studied in relation to blood meal sources, feeding status and feeding patterns of G. pallidipes (which was the predominant fly species collected for this study) as determined by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome B gene using DNA extracted from abdomen samples. African buffalo and African elephants were the main sources of blood meals but antelopes, warthogs, humans, giraffes and hyenas were also identified. Feeding on multiple hosts was common in flies sampled from the Shimba Hills but most flies from Nguruman had fed on single host species. Based on Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), host-feeding patterns showed a correlation with site of sample collection and Sodalis status, while trypanosome status was correlated with sex and age of the flies, suggesting that recent host-feeding patterns from blood meal analysis cannot predict trypanosome status. In conclusion, the complexity of interactions found suggests that strategies of tsetse fly control should be specific to particular epidemic areas. Future studies should include laboratory experiments that use local colonies of tsetse flies, local strains of trypanosomes and local S. glossinidius under controlled environmental conditions to tease out the factors that affect vector competence and the relative influence of external environmental factors on the dynamics of these interactions.

Principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad secundario a trauma craneoencefálico severo, en niños menores de 12 años en el Hospital Nacional de Niños “Benjamin Bloom”,ingresados en el periodo de Enero a Diciembre de 2012

El trauma craneoencefálico constituye actualmente la primera causa de muerte en niños por encima de un año de edad y en los casos graves o severos representa una mortalidad elevada para unos y para otros, los sobrevivientes, secuelas incapacitantes permanentes. Nuestro país al momento no cuenta con datos amparados en estudios serios para la población general, mucho menos para la edad pediátrica, infiriendo tener un perfil epidemiológico similar al de otros países más desarrollados; por lo cual el presente trabajo pretende mediante una investigación tipo descriptiva, transversal y retrospectiva, identificar algunas características epidemiológicas, y las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas al trauma craneoencefálico severo en pacientes pediátricos menores de doce años que ingresaron al Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamín Bloom durante el año 2012. Para dicho cometido se hizo uso de un método de investigación relativamente sencillo, realizando la recolección de datos primarios directamente de los expedientes de la totalidad de los pacientes en cuestión durante dicho año, aplicando un cuestionario en base a objetivos. Los datos así obtenidos se procesaron mediante una base de datos usando el software EpiInfo 3.5.1. Posteriormente se analizaron utilizando medidas de estadística descriptiva, mediante lo que se concluyó, que en el Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamín Bloom, se atienden pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico severo procedentes de toda la geografía del país, teniendo como principales causas las caídas por accidentes en el hogar y sitios públicos, seguidos por los accidentes de tránsito y los golpes o traumas contusos; predominantemente hay una mayor incidencia en la edad escolar y el sexo masculino. Más del 50% de los pacientes atendidos por esta causa presenta lesiones concomitantes asociadas principalmente en tórax y abdomen.

Resultado perinatal de embarazos a término con oligohidramnios de moderado a severo que consultan en el Hospital Nacional de Maternidad “Dr. Raúl Arguello Escolán” entre el período de Enero a Diciembre de 2013

La disminución del líquido amniótico se asocia con un incremento de la morbimortalidad del recién nacido. La principal consecuencia descrita por la literatura es una mayor compresión sobre el abdomen fetal, lo que conlleva a una disminución en el movimiento del diafragma fetal, que puede desencadenar una limitación en el desarrollo del tejido funcional pulmonar conllevando problemas en la transición respiratoria en la vida extrauterina del infante. El oligohidramnios como condición que complica el embarazo se observa en el 3 al 5 % del total de los embarazos. El líquido amniótico es esencial para el crecimiento y desarrollo del feto. El líquido protege al feto de infecciones, traumatismos, compresión del cordón umbilical y facilita los movimientos fetales. El volúmen de líquido amniótico es un indicador importante utilizado frecuentemente en el control prenatal debido a que ciertas alteraciones de líquido amniótico se asocian con un pobre pronóstico del embarazo, ya que pueden mostrarnos defectos anatómicos en el riñón fetal que pueden conllevar múltiples malformaciones. En la actualidad, en la mayoría de centros perinatales de América se utiliza el índice de líquido amniótico como parte de una de las pruebas de bienestar fetal. En el Hospital de Maternidad el oligohidramnios es una patología muy frecuente de causa de consulta en unidad de emergencia y consulta externa, así como de ingreso hospitalario. Con el presente trabajo se dio a conocer el resultado perinatal de las pacientes que presentaron oligohidramnios durante el embarazo que consultaron el Hospital Nacional de Maternidad, así como también se describe la presencia de factores de riesgo socioeconómicos como la edad, escolaridad y estado civil que puedan presentarse en ésta patología. También se describe cual ha sido la vía de evacuación más frecuente en éstos casos, así como también el resultado perinatal de los recién nacidos con ésta patología la cual se presentó durante el embarazo.

Lower limb and associated injuries in frontal-impact road traffic collisions.

Objectives: To study the relationship between severity of injury of the lower limb and severity of injury of the head, thoracic, and abdominal regions in frontal-impact road traffic collisions. Methods: Consecutive hospitalised trauma patients who were involved in a frontal road traffic collision were prospectively studied over 18 months. Patients with at least one Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) ≥3 or AIS 2 injuries within two AIS body regions were included. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the severity of injury to the head, chest or abdomen. Low severity group had an AIS < 2 and high severity group had an AIS ≥ 2. Backward likelihood logistic regression models were used to define significant factors affecting the severity of head, chest or abdominal injuries. Results: Eighty-five patients were studied. The backward likelihood logistic regression model defining independent factors affecting severity of head injuries was highly significant (p=0.01, nagelkerke r square = 0.1) severity of lower limb injuries was the only significant factor (p=0.013) having a negative correlation with head injury (Odds ratio of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.45-0.91). Conclusion: Occupants who sustain a greater severity of injury to the lower limb in a frontal-impact collision are likely to be spared from a greater severity of head injury.

Polissacarídeos sulfatados de interesse farmacológico no camarão litopenaeus schimitti

Sulfated Polysaccharides with unique chemical structures and important biological activities has been found in a diversity of sea invertebrates. For that, to exist a huger interest on the biotechnology field in the research theses sulfated compounds isolated from sea organisms. Despite the privileged brazilian position for these compounds attainment, there are still a few scientific informations about the isolated substances and their biological activities. A head the displayed, the present work has for objectives, to evaluate the pharmacological properties of the glycosaminoglycans isolated from the sea shrimp Litopenaeus schimitti on homeostasis, blood coagulation, leukocytes migration and platelet/leukocyte adhesion. For this, yhe glycosaminoglycans were extracted from crustacean tissues by proteolysis, fractionation with acetone and later submitted to pharmacological assays. The crustacean tissues showed compounds heparin-like, with anticoagulant activity of 45 IU/mg and 90 IU/mg, respectively. These molecules showed low residual hemorrhagic effects in the tested concentration (100 µg/mL), when compared to unfractionated commercial heparin (UFH). Another dermatan sulfate-like compound, predominately constituted for disulfated disaccharides, was isolated from crustacean abdomen. This compound showed an efficient effect on leukocytes migration inhibition, in the concentration of 15 µg/mL, reducing the cellular infiltration in 65% when compared to the controlled animals. In this same concentration, the DS reduced in 60% the protein concentration of the peritoneal exudates. In the concentration, this compound of 0.5 mg/mL, it was capable to reduce in 40% platelet/leukocytes adhesion. Our data demonstrate that these sulfated polysaccharides isolated from the shrimp L. schimitti will can be used as bioactive compounds, appearing as active principles for pharmacological development, anticoagulants and inflammatory response regulators