Sosioekonomisten tekijöiden yhteys terveyteen 75- ja 80-vuotiailla jyväskyläläisillä miehillä ja naisilla

Summary: Socio-economic factors and health among 75- and 80-year-old men and women

Vanhusten sosiaalinen ja kulttuurinen pääoma hyvän vanhenemisen ehtoina

Kirjoitus perustuu Successful Ageing -symposiumissa pidettyyn esitelmään

Onnistunut vanheneminen ja vanhuuden muuttuvat mielikuvat

Kirjoitus on käännetty ja muokattu versio professori Marja Jylhän Successful Ageing -symposiumissa pitämästä englanninkielisestä esitelmästä "Rethinking successful aging : the changing images of old age"

Human inhalation exposure to iron oxide particles

In the past decade, many studies have been conducted to determine the health effects induced by exposure to engineered nanomaterials (NMs). Specifically for exposure via inhalation, numerous in vitro and animal in vivo inhalation toxicity studies on several types of NMs have been published. However, these results are not easily extrapolated to judge the effects of inhaling NMs in humans, and few published studies on the human response to inhalation of NMs exist. Given the emergence of more industries utilizing iron oxide nanoparticles as well as more nanomedicine applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), this review presents an overview of the inhalation studies that have been conducted in humans on iron oxides. Both occupational exposure studies on complex iron oxide dusts and fumes, as well as human clinical studies on aerosolized, micron-size iron oxide particles are discussed. Iron oxide particles have not been described to elicit acute inhalation response nor promote lung disease after chronic exposure. The few human clinical studies comparing inhalation of fine and ultrafine metal oxide particles report no acute changes in the health parameters measured. Taken together existing evidence suggests that controlled human exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles, such as SPIONs, could be conducted safely.

Elinajan piteneminen : onni vai onnettomuus?

Kirjoitus perustuu Successful Ageing -symposiumissa pidettyyn esitelmään

SWIVIT - Swiss video-intubation trial evaluating video-laryngoscopes in a simulated difficult airway scenario: study protocol for a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in Switzerland.

BACKGROUND: Video-laryngoscopes are marketed for intubation in difficult airway management. They provide a better view of the larynx and may facilitate tracheal intubation, but there is no adequately powered study comparing different types of video-laryngoscopes in a difficult airway scenario or in a simulated difficult airway situation. METHODS/DESIGN: The objective of this trial is to evaluate and to compare the clinical performance of three video-laryngoscopes with a guiding channel for intubation (Airtraq?, A. P. Advance?, King Vision?) and three video-laryngoscopes without an integrated tracheal tube guidance (C-MAC?, GlideScope?, McGrath?) in a simulated difficult airway situation in surgical patients. The working hypothesis is that each video-laryngoscope provides at least a 90% first intubation success rate (lower limit of the 95% confidence interval >0.9). It is a prospective, patient-blinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial in 720 patients who are scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia, requiring tracheal intubation at one of the three participating hospitals. A difficult airway will be created using an extrication collar and taping the patients' head on the operating table to substantially reduce mouth opening and to minimize neck movement. Tracheal intubation will be performed with the help of one of the six devices according to randomization. Insertion success, time necessary for intubation, Cormack-Lehane grade and percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score at laryngoscopy, optimization maneuvers required to aid tracheal intubation, adverse events and technical problems will be recorded. Primary outcome is intubation success at first attempt. DISCUSSION: We will simulate the difficult airway and evaluate different video-laryngoscopes in this highly realistic and clinically challenging scenario, independently from manufacturers of the devices. Because of the sufficiently powered multicenter design this study will deliver important and cutting-edge results that will help clinicians decide which device to use for intubation of the expected and unexpected difficult airway. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01692535.

Onnistunut vanheneminen : symposiumi 4.-5. kesäkuuta 1999

Kirjoitus perustuu Successful Ageing -symposiumissa 4.6.1999 pidettyyn avauspuheenvuoroon

Salliiko yhteiskunta arvokkaan vanhuuden?

Pääkirjoitus

Itsenäinen ikääntynyt Amerikan malliin

Promoting Independence and Quality of Life for Older Persons : an international conference on ageing, Arlington, Yhdysvallat 2.-4.12.1999

Eri-ikäisten teollisuustyöntekijöiden arvioita yksilöllisistä kasvuedellytyksistä ja ryhmätyöstä

Summary: Prerequisites for growth and working in groups as assessed by industrial workers of all ages