Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of potential antichagasic hydroxymethyinitrofurazone (NFOH-121): A new nitrofurazone prodrug

The synthesis of mutual prodrugs of nitrofurazone with primaquine, using specific and nonspecific spacer groups, has been previously attempted seeking selective antichagasic agents. The intermediate reaction product, hydroxymethylnitrofurazone (NFOH-121), was isolated and tested in LLC-MK2 culture cells infected with trypomastigotes forms of Trypanosoma cruzi showing higher trypanocidal activity than nitrofurazone and benznidazol in all stages. The mutagenicity tests showed that the prodrug was less toxic than the parent drug. Degradation assays were carried out in pH 1.2 and 7.4. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Expressão imunoistoquímica de Glut-1 e marcadores de proliferação e apoptose em anomalias vasculares orais

Vascular anomalies constitute a distinct group of lesions, but they may present similar clinical and histopatological characteristics, which can lead to diagnostic mistakes. This study aimed by histopathology and immunohistochemical expression of human glucose transporter protein (GLUT-1), correctly identify and classify oral vascular anomalies, besides analyzing the immunoexpression of markers proliferation and apoptosis (Ki-67 and Bcl-2). All cases diagnosed as "oral hemangiomas" belonging to the archives of the Service of Pathological Anatomy from the subject of Oral Pathology of the Department of Dentistry (DOD), of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) were reviewed, totalizing 77 cases. Immunohistochemical analysis for GLUT-1 showed that only 26 (33.8%) of the specimens were true infantile hemangiomas (IHs). The 51 (66.2%%) GLUT-1 negative specimens were then reclassified as pyogenic granulomas (PGs) and vascular malformations (VMs) from their histopathologic characteristics,totalizing 26 (33.8%) cases of IHs, 20 (26.0%) of PGs and 31 (40.2) cases of oral VMs. The cases analyzed by the marker Ki-67 showed different median IH (13,85), PG (33,70) and VM (4.55) with statistically significant differences between them (p <0.001). In relation to the protein Bcl-2, the groups also showed different median of the established scores IH (1.00), PG (1.50), VMs (0.0) demonstrating statistically significant differences between them (p<0,001). No statistically significant correlation between the indexes of positivity for Ki-67 and the scores of immunoexpression of Bcl-2 were observed in any group. Thus, we can conclude that it is necessary a careful and parameterized review of cases of vascular anomalies making use of auxiliary tools such as GLUT-1, since the histopathological findings alone, sometimes, are not sufficient to differentiate some anomalies. Furthermore, analysis of the expressions of markers involved in the levels of proliferation of lesions is important for a better understanding of its biological behavior aspect

Pediatric Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Clinical and Immunologic Features of 121 Patients in an International Registry

OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on the association of antiphospholipid antibodies with clinical manifestations in childhood and to enable future studies to determine the impact of treatment and long-term outcome of pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome.PATIENTS and METHODS. A European registry extended internationally of pediatric patients with antiphospholipid syndrome was established as a collaborative project of the European Antiphospholipid Antibodies Forum and Lupus Working Group of the Pediatric Rheumatology European Society. To be eligible for enrollment the patient must meet the preliminary criteria for the classification of pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome and the onset of antiphospholipid syndrome must have occurred before the patient's 18th birthday.RESULTS. As of December 1, 2007, there were 121 confirmed antiphospholipid syndrome cases registered from 14 countries. Fifty-six patients were male, and 65 were female, with a mean age at the onset of antiphospholipid syndrome of 10.7 years. Sixty (49.5%) patients had underlying autoimmune disease. Venous thrombosis occurred in 72 (60%), arterial thrombosis in 39 (32%), small-vessel thrombosis in 7 (6%), and mixed arterial and venous thrombosis in 3 (2%). Associated nonthrombotic clinical manifestations included hematologic manifestations (38%), skin disorders (18%), and nonthrombotic neurologic manifestations (16%). Laboratory investigations revealed positive anticardiolipin antibodies in 81% of the patients, anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I antibodies in 67%, and lupus anticoagulant in 72%. Comparisons between different subgroups revealed that patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome were younger and had a higher frequency of arterial thrombotic events, whereas patients with antiphospholipid syndrome associated with underlying autoimmune disease were older and had a higher frequency of venous thrombotic events associated with hematologic and skin manifestations.CONCLUSIONS. Clinical and laboratory characterization of patients with pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome implies some important differences between antiphospholipid syndrome in pediatric and adult populations. Comparisons between children with primary antiphospholipid syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome associated with autoimmune disease have revealed certain differences that suggest 2 distinct subgroups. Pediatrics 2008; 122: e1100-e1107

(1-x)PMN-xPT ceramics prepared by conventional and modified columbite route: Effect on electrical properties

This study aims to demonstrate how the chemical homogeneity of B cations affects the microstructure and electrical responses of (1-x) PMN-xPT ceramics. Two methodologies were employed to synthesize three different compositions, with x assuming the values 0.10, 0.28, and 0.35. If compared to conventional method, the Ti-modified columbite route, which is characterized by higher B cation homogeneity, leads to PMN-PT powders and ceramics with lower content of PNT pyrochlore phase and, for 0.65PMN-0.35PT composition, minor amount of tetragonal phase is found. Conclusively, PMN-PT ceramics obtained by modified route favors B cations homogeneity, enhancing the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.

Reappraisal of immunohistochemical profiling of special histological types of breast carcinomas: a study of 121 cases of eight different subtypes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of HLA-DRB-1 alleles on the production of antibody against CSP, MSP-1, AMA-1, and DBP in Brazilian individuals naturally infected with Plasmodium vivax

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hunting a light U(1)B gauge boson coupled to baryon number in collider experiments

We analyze several signals at HERA and the Tevatron of a light U(1)B gauge boson (γB) coupling to baryon number. We show that the study of the production of bb pairs at the (upgraded) Tevatron can exclude γB with masses (mB) in the range 40 ≲ mB ≲ 300 GeV for γB couplings (αB) greater than 2 × 10-2 (3 × 10-3). We also show that the HERA experiments cannot improve the present bounds on γB. Moreover, we demonstrate that the production at HERA and the Tevatron of di-jet events with large rapidity gaps between the jets cannot be explained by the existence of a light γB. © 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOCPAL resúmenes sobre población en América Latina: 121-001

Contiene resúmenes bibliográficos de documentos sobre población y temas relacionados que se producen en América Latina y el Caribe, publicados entre 1985-1988.

Métodos híbridos de pontos interiores e de programação inteira 0-1 para problemas de custo de colheita da cana-de-açúcar e de custo de coleta e geração de energia relacionados à sua biomassa

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB

A educação física de 1. a 4. série do ensino fundamental nas três dimensões dos conteúdos: considerações sobre a elaboração de um plano de trabalho didático com professores da rede estadual paulista

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Propriedade fotoluminescente dos materiais 'CA''TI''O IND.3' e 'CA IND.1-x''EU IND.x''TI''O IND.3'

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ensino de leitura de frases com compreensão a alunos de 1ª série de escolas públicas de Belém

O fracasso escolar é uma realidade nacional alarmante que torna indispensável o aprimoramento da tecnologia de ensino. O paradigma de equivalência tem contribuído para a compreensão de processos comportamentais relacionados à aquisição de repertórios lingüísticos e de habilidades cognitivas. As investigações acerca da aprendizagem de leitura por meio deste paradigma tem sido relevantes tanto para a identificação das variáveis de controle de respostas corretas e de respostas incorretas na leitura de palavras com função substantiva, quanto para a análise de quais procedimentos são eficazes no sentido de o responder ficar sob controle de propriedades relevantes dos estímulos impressos. Investigou-se, por meio de uma replicação sistemática, o ensino de leitura com compreensão de frases compostas por pronome demonstrativo, substantivo, adjetivo e verbo intransitivo. Participaram cinco alunos com dificuldades em leitura. Os estímulos foram de modalidade auditiva (sílabas, palavras e frases faladas), representada pela letra A; visual (grafia de sílabas, palavras, frases e figuras que representam palavras e frases), representada pela letra B para as figuras e pela letra C para os estímulos impressos e modalidade auditivo-visual. Foi realizado o treino das discriminações condicionais entre palavras/frases faladas e figuras (relações AB) e sílabas/palavras/frases faladas e estímulos impressos (relações ACs, ACp e ACf). Foram programadas conseqüências diferenciais (reforço social) para os acertos e aplicação de procedimentos de correção ou procedimentos especiais para respostas incorretas. Pretendeu-se investigar se após o ensino destas relações pré-requisitos ocorreriam relações equivalentes (palavras impressas e figuras e vice-versa), bem como se os participantes demonstrariam o desempenho de leitura generalizada. Não foram programadas conseqüências diferenciais durante a aplicação dos testes. Ao término de cada sessão, os participantes recebiam brindes variados. Foram programadas quatro fases experimentais. Na Fase I, os estímulos impressos eram palavras com função substantiva. Na Fase II, frases formadas por palavras com funções substantiva e adjetiva. Na Fase III, acrescentou-se o pronome demonstrativo às frases. Na Fase IV, acrescentaram-se verbos intransitivos às frases. Na Fase V, programou-se a retenção do desempenho aprendido durante o experimento. Todos os participantes, com exceção de um, aprenderam o desempenho de linha de base. Nos testes de equivalência e de leitura generalizada, houve maior variabilidade em relação aos estudos anteriores. Todos os participantes apresentaram a leitura com compreensão em pelo menos uma das fases envolvendo frases. Nas Etapas de leitura Generalizada, apenas uma participante obteve 100% de acertos nos testes da Fase II. Os demais participantes apresentaram leitura generalizada parcial ou ausência de leitura recombinativa, sendo necessária a aplicação de procedimento especial para promover escores mais elevados. Considerou-se o paradigma de equivalência promissor para proporcionar o ensino de leitura de frases com compreensão. Propôs-se mudanças no procedimento que tornem o controle experimental mais rígido. Sugeriu-se ainda a investigação da pertinência do paradigma de equivalência para o ensino de leitura de frases, com compreensão, envolvendo classes gramaticais como artigos, advérbios, verbos transitivos diretos e objetos diretos.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide in healthy cats

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal hormone that induces glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion while suppressing glucagon secretion. Glucagon-like peptide-1 also increases beta cell mass and satiation while decelerating gastric emptying. Liraglutide is a fatty-acid derivative of GLP-1 with a protracted pharmacokinetic profile that is used in people for treatment of type II diabetes mellitus and obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of liraglutide in healthy cats. Hyperglycemic clamps were performed on days 0 (HGC) and 14 (LgHGC) in 7 healthy cats. Liraglutide was administered subcutaneously (0.6 mg/cat) once daily on days 8 through 14. Compared with the HGC (mean +/- standard deviation; 455.5 +/- 115.8 ng/L), insulin concentrations during LgHGC were increased (760.8 +/- 350.7 ng/L; P = 0.0022), glucagon concentrations decreased (0.66 +/- 0.4 pmol/L during HGC vs 0.5 +/- 0.4 pmol/L during LgHGC; P = 0.0089), and there was a trend toward an increased total glucose infused (median [range] = 1.61 (1.11-2.54) g/kg and 2.25 (1.64-3.10) g/kg, respectively; P = 0.087). Appetite reduction and decreased body weight (9% +/- 3%; P = 0.006) were observed in all cats. Liraglutide has similar effects and pharmacokinetics profile in cats to those reported in people. With a half-life of approximately 12 h, once daily dosing might be feasible; however, significant effects on appetite and weight loss may necessitate dosage or dosing frequency reductions. Further investigation of liraglutide in diabetic cats and overweight cats is warranted. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.