Thanking the Greeks: The Crisis of the Rule of Law in EU Enlargement Regulation

This paper showcases the weaknesses of EU enlargement law and demonstrates how one Member State – namely, Greece – is notable for abusing this weakness, for harming the candidate countries, the EU, and the institutions alike, for stripping the EU position of its predictability, and for undermining the EU Commission’s efforts. Accordingly, Greece has severely incapacitated the key procedural rule of law component of the EU’s enlargement regulation, turning it into a randomised political game and ignoring any long-term goals of stability, prosperity, and peace that the process is to stand for. Following a walk through Greece’s engagement throughout a number of enlargement rounds, the paper concludes that the duty of loyalty – which is presumably able to discipline Member States that undermine the common effort – should find a new meaning in the context of EU enlargement.

Death for life : a study of targeted killing by States in international law

"Mémoire présenté à la faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit (LL.M.)". Ce mémoire a été accepté à l'unanimité et classé parmi les 10% des mémoires de la discipline.

Internet Law - An Attempt at a Polemic Retrospective

"Herbert Burket trace l’évolution des concepts reliés au ""droit de l’Internet"" dans le cadre du droit de l’Union Européenne. Initialement, ce domaine du droit était perçu comme une nouvelle discipline normative. Or, l’auteur soutient que le ""droit de l’Internet"" n’est pas un domaine normatif distinct, mais correspond aux domaines traditionnels auxquels il a été progressivement intégré. Le ""droit de l’Internet"" a amélioré notre compréhension du processus général d’évolution du droit. L’auteur souligne, entre autres, comment le législateur européen a réagi par diverses législations aux nouveaux impératifs technologiques. De plus, ce domaine offre une nouvelle perspective pour l’analyse de l’évolution des normes face aux innovations technologiques. Les tribunaux, les législateurs et les parties privées sont autant d’acteurs qui interviennent à différents moments et sur différents aspects du processus d’évolution du droit. Enfin, on s’attendait à ce que le droit de l’Internet conduise à la mondialisation des normes, à l’autorégulation des acteurs et à une architecture structurelle normative ouverte. L’auteur constate que la mondialisation des normes ne semble pas s’être réalisée. L’autorégulation, dans le domaine de l’Internet, fait référence aux normes de comportement établies par des acteurs privés et mixtes. Enfin, le concept d’architecture structurelle normative réfère au fait que les créateurs d’un système technologique imposent involontairement certaines règles aux utilisateurs, en dépit de l’affirmation qu’un tel système technologique est normativement neutre. L’auteur soutient que ces attentes, bien qu’elles soient toujours présentes au sein de l’activité normative, n’ont plus la même signification qu’au moment de leur formulation originale. Les concepts traditionnels de période normative, de juridiction, d’acteurs et de procédure ont aussi évolué parallèlement au développement du ""droit de l’Internet"", autant dans le cadre de l’environnement normatif de l’Union Européenne que dans celui du droit international en général. L’évolution de ces concepts modifie le processus de création du droit, ainsi que le rôle et les fonctions des intervenants impliqués dans ce processus.L’auteur conclut en soulignant que le concept même de droit a évolué en perdant ses représentations symboliques traditionnelles grâce au développement de l’accès généralisé à l’information, à l’évolution des technologies de l’information et à leur impact culturel."

L’Europa sociale e il diritto: il contributo del metodo comparato [Social Europe and the law: the contribution of the comparative method]. WP C.S.D.L.E. "Massimo D'Antona" .INT - 94/2012

The essay explores the evolution of comparative law and the contribution of its more recent methodological results on the process of European social integration through law. The analysis of the comparative method in general glides on a discipline, such a as labour law, traditionally linked to the "nomos" of the nation state and looks at the process of its own supranationalization through the lens which is the comparative method; a method used mainly by the juridical format (national and supranational courts). The analysis focuses on the fixed term contract and on the vexing question of collective social fundamental rights vis a vis fundamental economic freedoms in the EU where national constitutional traditions and supranational principals risk collision due also to the comparative method.

The Regulatory Framework of Export Restrictions in WTO Law and Regional Free Trade Agreements. IES WORKING PAPER 8/2013

The use of export restrictions has become more and more common in recent years, evidencing the substantial loopholes existing in the WTO regulation on the matter. As a result of this deficient legal framework, the WTO membership experiences important losses of welfare and increasing political tensions. The multilateral negotiations for an updated discipline on export restrictions, in the context of the Doha Development Round, are blocked. Consequently, members have established a set of preferential bilateral and multilateral agreements to relieve the negative effects of these measures. Likewise, some recent WTO members have committed to stricter regulations as part of their Accession Protocols. Nevertheless, these methods have evidenced some important flaws, and the multilateral scene remains the optimum forum to address export restrictions. This Working Paper proposes a number of measures to improve the legal framework of the quantitative export restrictions and export duties, as well as their notification procedures.

The Definitions of faith : and canons of discipline of the six œcumenical councils, with the remaining canons of the code of the universal church : together with the apostolical canons : to which are added the constitutions and canons ecclesiastical of the Church of England, and of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America /

Includes index.

An act to organize, govern, and discipline the militia of the state of Maine : passed March 8, 1834 /

Includes index.

An act to organize, govern, and discipline the militia of the state of Maine : passed March 21, 1821 : with the several acts in addition thereto, passed Feb. 11, 1823, and Feb. 25, 1824 /

Includes index.

Analyse des conciles généraux et particuliers, contenant leurs canons sur le dogme, la morale, & la discipline tant ancienne que moderne, expliqués par des notes, conférés avec le droit nouveau, notamment avec le droit particulier de la France, & précédés d'un traité des conciles en général, pour servir d'introduction. Ouvrage utile au clergé seculier & régulier, ainsi qu'aux juriconsultes.

Vols. 3-4 have title: Analyse des conciles généraux et particuliers, partie seconde, contenant, selon l'ordre alphabetique, & rapprochées du droit nouveau de la France principalement, toutes les matieres dogmatiques, morales ou de discipline, dont il est traité dans les conciles.

Organisational learning - a critical systems thinking discipline

Original Paper European Journal of Information Systems (2001) 10, 135–146; doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000394 Organisational learning—a critical systems thinking discipline P Panagiotidis1,3 and J S Edwards2,4 1Deloitte and Touche, Athens, Greece 2Aston Business School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK Correspondence: Dr J S Edwards, Aston Business School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK. E-mail: j.s.edwards@aston.ac.uk 3Petros Panagiotidis is Manager responsible for the Process and Systems Integrity Services of Deloitte and Touche in Athens, Greece. He has a BSc in Business Administration and an MSc in Management Information Systems from Western International University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; an MSc in Business Systems Analysis and Design from City University, London, UK; and a PhD degree from Aston University, Birmingham, UK. His doctorate was in Business Systems Analysis and Design. His principal interests now are in the ERP/DSS field, where he serves as project leader and project risk managment leader in the implementation of SAP and JD Edwards/Cognos in various major clients in the telecommunications and manufacturing sectors. In addition, he is responsible for the development and application of knowledge management systems and activity-based costing systems. 4John S Edwards is Senior Lecturer in Operational Research and Systems at Aston Business School, Birmingham, UK. He holds MA and PhD degrees (in mathematics and operational research respectively) from Cambridge University. His principal research interests are in knowledge management and decision support, especially methods and processes for system development. He has written more than 30 research papers on these topics, and two books, Building Knowledge-based Systems and Decision Making with Computers, both published by Pitman. Current research work includes the effect of scale of operations on knowledge management, interfacing expert systems with simulation models, process modelling in law and legal services, and a study of the use of artifical intelligence techniques in management accounting. Top of pageAbstract This paper deals with the application of critical systems thinking in the domain of organisational learning and knowledge management. Its viewpoint is that deep organisational learning only takes place when the business systems' stakeholders reflect on their actions and thus inquire about their purpose(s) in relation to the business system and the other stakeholders they perceive to exist. This is done by reflecting both on the sources of motivation and/or deception that are contained in their purpose, and also on the sources of collective motivation and/or deception that are contained in the business system's purpose. The development of an organisational information system that captures, manages and institutionalises meaningful information—a knowledge management system—cannot be separated from organisational learning practices, since it should be the result of these very practices. Although Senge's five disciplines provide a useful starting-point in looking at organisational learning, we argue for a critical systems approach, instead of an uncritical Systems Dynamics one that concentrates only on the organisational learning practices. We proceed to outline a methodology called Business Systems Purpose Analysis (BSPA) that offers a participatory structure for team and organisational learning, upon which the stakeholders can take legitimate action that is based on the force of the better argument. In addition, the organisational learning process in BSPA leads to the development of an intrinsically motivated information organisational system that allows for the institutionalisation of the learning process itself in the form of an organisational knowledge management system. This could be a specific application, or something as wide-ranging as an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation. Examples of the use of BSPA in two ERP implementations are presented.

Public school administrators' knowledge of special education law

The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of public school administrators with respect to special education (ESE) law. The study used a sample of 220 public school administrators. A survey instrument was developed consisting of 19 demographic questions and 20 situational scenarios. The scenarios were based on ESE issues of discipline, due process (including IEP procedures), identification, evaluation, placement, and related services. The participants had to decide whether a violation of the ESE child's rights had occurred by marking: (a) Yes, (b) No, or (c) Undecided. An analysis of the scores and demographic information was done using a two-way analysis of variance, chi-square, and crosstabs after a 77% survey response rate.^ Research questions addressed the administrators' overall level of knowledge. Comparisons were made between principals and assistant principals and differences between the levels of schooling. Exploratory questions were concerned with ESE issues deemed problematic by administrators, effects of demographic variables on survey scores, and the listing of resources utilized by administrators to access ESE information.^ The study revealed: (a) a significant difference was found when comparing the number of ESE courses taken and the score on the survey, (b) the top five resources of ESE information were the region office, school ESE department chairs, ESE teachers, county workshops, and county inservices, (c) problematic areas included discipline, evaluation procedures, placement issues, and IEP due process concerns, (d) administrators as a group did not exhibit a satisfactory knowledge of ESE law with a mean score of 12 correct and 74% of responding administrators scoring in the unsatisfactory level (below 70%), (e) across school levels, elementary administrators scored significantly higher than high school administrators, and (f) a significant implication that assistant principals consistently scored higher than principals on each scenario with a significant difference at the high school level.^ The study reveals a vital need for administrators to receive additional preparation in order to possess a basic understanding of ESE school law and how it impacts their respective schools and school districts so that they might meet professional obligations and protect the rights of all individuals involved. Recommendations for this additional administrative preparation and further research topics were discussed. ^