690 resultados para repouso
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Para avaliar os efeitos da idade e do repouso pós-colheita de frutos de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) de duas cultivares, Pérola (espinhos escuros) e Rubi (espinhos claros), sobre as alterações na qualidade fisiológica das sementes durante o armazenamento, conduziu-se um experimento em Botucatu, SP e Bandeirantes, PR, durante quatro anos. Os frutos foram colhidos desde os 15 ('Rubi') ou 20 ('Pérola') dias até 45 dias após a antese, permanecendo em repouso pós-colheita por 0, 5, 10 e 15 dias, antes da extração das sementes. Antes e após dois e três anos de armazenamento (sacos de papel em ambiente de laboratório), foram retiradas amostras para avaliação do potencial germinativo e do vigor. Os resultados revelaram que sementes imaturas, retiradas de frutos colhidos precocemente (até 30 dias após a antese) e sem repouso pós-colheita, perderam totalmente a capacidade germinativa no segundo ano de armazenamento. Sementes que apresentavam valores iniciais de germinação mais elevados, as colhidas de frutos maduros (com ou sem repouso pós-colheita) ou de imaturos (30 e 35 dias de idade) com 10 a 15 dias de repouso pós-colheita, mantiveram valores acima de 70% após três anos de armazenamento.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito dos estádios de colheita e do repouso pós-colheita dos frutos na qualidade de sementes de mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) cultivar AL Guarany 2002. Foram avaliadas 9 épocas de colheita dos racemos, dos 30 até 142 dias após a antese (DAA), em intervalos de 14 dias e quatro condições de repouso: sem e com repouso de sete dias de sementes extraídas (nuas), de frutos e de frutos presos ao racemo. Foram avaliados a cor de frutos e de sementes; o teor de água, a massa seca, as porcentagens de germinação e de vigor das sementes (primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência e condutividade elétrica). Sementes com máxima qualidade fisiológica e massa seca foram obtidas de frutos colhidos aos 86 DAA. A colheita pode ser realizada até os 128 DAA sem redução da germinação, mas com prejuízos devido à queda dos frutos, dispersão das sementes aos 100 dias e reduções do vigor. O repouso permitiu a antecipação da colheita para 72 DAA sem prejuízos à germinação e massa seca, mas com reduções de vigor. A cor dos frutos, das sementes e o teor de água das sementes são parâmetros eficientes para a identificação do ponto de colheita, principalmente se usados conjuntamente.
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O presente estudo comparou valores de glicemia, frequência cardíaca em repouso e durante exercício, além da composição corporal entre hipertensos e normotensos. A amostra foi composta por 32 jovens do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 22,6 anos. Inicialmente, aferiu-se a pressão arterial, para divisão em dois grupos: hipertensos e normotensos. Posteriormente foram mensurados, glicemia em jejum, impedância bioelétrica, antropometria, e a frequência cardíaca no repouso, durante o teste de esforço máximo e na fase de recuperação. A análise estatística foi composta pelo teste t- Student e análise de variância para medidas repetidas two-way, entre os grupos. O valor de significância adotado foi p = 0,05. Os dados analisados mostraram que indivíduos hipertensos apresentam maiores índices metabólicos e valores hemodinâmicos do que indivíduos normotensos, sendo estes indicadores de risco cardiovascular.
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It is known that sleep plays an important role in the process of motor learning. Recent studies have shown that the presence of sleep between training a motor task and retention test promotes a learning task so than the presence of only awake between training and testing. These findings also have been reported in stroke patients, however, there are few studies that investigate the results of this relationship on the functionality itself in this population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between functionality and sleep in patients in the chronic stage of stroke. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The sample was composed of 30 stroke individuals in chronic phase, between 6 and 60 months after injury and aged between 55 and 75 years. The volunteers were initially evaluated for clinical data of disease and personal history, severity of stroke, through the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, and mental status, the Mini-Mental State Examination. Sleep assessment tools were Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Questionnaire of Horne and Ostberg, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Berlin questionnaire and actigraphy, which measures were: real time of sleep, waking after sleep onset, percentage of waking after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, sleep fragmentation index, mean activity score. Other actigraphy measures were intraday variability, stability interdiária, a 5-hour period with minimum level of activity (L5) and 10-hour period with maximum activity (M10), obtained to evaluate the activity-rest rhythm. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were the instruments used to evaluate the functional status of participants. The Spearman correlation coefficient and comparison tests (Student's t and Mann-Whitney) were used to analyze the relationship of sleep assessment tools and rest-activity rhythm to measures of functional assessment. The SPSS 16.0 was used for analysis, adopting a significance level of 5%. The main results observed were a negative correlation between sleepiness and balance and a negative correlation between the level of activity (M10) and sleep fragmentation. No measurement of sleep or rhythm was associated with functional independence measure. These findings suggest that there may be an association between sleepiness and xii balance in patients in the chronic stage of stroke, and that obtaining a higher level of activity may be associated with a better sleep pattern and rhythm more stable and less fragmented. Future studies should evaluate the cause-effect relationship between these parameters
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Background: Obesity may affect the respiratory system, causing changes in respiratory function and in the pulmonary volumes and flows. Objectives: To evaluate the influence of obesity in the movement of thoracoabdominal complex at rest and during maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and the contribution between the different compartments of this complex and the volume changes of chest wall between obese and non-obese patients. Materials and Methods: We studied 16 patients divided into two groups: the obese group (n = 8) and group non-obese (n = 8). The two groups were homogeneous in terms of spirometric characteristics (FVC mean: 4.97 ± 0.6 L - 92.91 ± 10.17% predicted, and 4.52 ± 0.6 L - 93.59 ± 8.05%), age 25.6 ± 5.0 and 26.8 ± 4.9 years, in non-obese and obese respectively. BMI was 24.93 ± 3.0 and 39.18 ± 4.3 kg/m2 in the groups investigated. All subjects performed breathing calm and slow and maneuver MVV, during registration for optoelectronic plethysmography. Statistical analysis: we used the unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney. Results: Obese individuals had a lower percentage contribution of the rib cage abdominal (RCa) during breathing at rest and VVM. The variation of end expiratory (EELV) and end inspiratory (EILV) lung volumes were lower in obese subjects. It has been found asynchrony and higher distortion between compartments of thoracoabdominal complex in obese subjects when compared to non-obese. Conclusions: Central obesity impairs the ventilation lung, reducing to adaptation efforts and increasing the ventilatory work
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of different resting periods, after induced muscle fatigue, in the quadriceps femoris neuromuscular performance, in healthy subjects. Methods: Sixty-four volunteers, of both genders, with an average of 21,8 ± 1,7 years and mean body mass index of 24,2 ± 3,7 Kg/m2 were randomly assigned into 4 groups: control group (was not induced fatigue); Experimental Group 1 (Exp. 1 1 minute of rest after fatigue); Experimental Group 3 (Exp. 3 3 minutes of rest after fatigue) and Experimental Group 5 (Exp. 5 5 minutes of rest after fatigue). The subjects were evaluated to the knee´s joint position sense (JPS), followed by 5 flexion-extension knee concentric isokinetic contractions at 60°/s, with concomitant recording of median frequency (Fmed) of rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM). Then they underwent a muscle fatigue protocol (30 flexion-extension knee concentric contractions at 60°/s) and were reevaluated on the isokinetic performance, Fmed and JPS. Blood lactate levels were measured before initial assessment, immediately after the fatigue protocol and 5 minutes after the end of the rest period. Results: The adoption of 3 minutes of rest was sufficient to restore the initial conditions for the peak torque normalized by body weight and the VL and VM Fmed. The joint position sense returned to its initial values with 1 minute rest. The lactate concentration remained high regardless of the adopted rest period. Conclusion: The use of 3-minute rest period is sufficient for the reestablishment of the neuromuscular parameters to the pre fatigue values.
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Kerodon rupestris (rock cavy, mocó) is an endemic caviidae of Brazilian northeast that inhabits rocky places in the semi arid region. The aim of this study was to characterize the activity/rest rhythm of the rock cavy under 12:12 h LD cycle and continuous light. In the first stage, seven animals were submitted to two light intensities (LD; 250:0 lux and 400:0 lux; 40 days each intensity). In the second stage four males were kept for 40 days in LD (470:<1 lux), for 18 days in LL 470 lux (LL470) and for 23 days in red dim light below 1 lux (LL<1). In the third stage three males were initially kept in LD 12:12 h (450:<1 lux) and after that in LL with gradual increase in light intensity each 21 days (<1 lux LL<1; 10 lux-LL10; 160 lux LL160; 450 lux LL450). In the fourth stage it was analyzed the motor activity of 16 animals in the first 10 days in LD. Motor activity was continuously recorded by passive infrared movement sensors connected to a computer and totaled in 5 min bins. The activity showed circadian and ultradian rhythms and activity peaks at phase transitions. The activity and the rest occurred in the light as well as in the dark phase, with activity mean greater in the light phase for most of the animals. The light intensity influenced the activity/rest rhythm in the first three stages and in the first stage the activity in 400 lux increased in four animals and decreases in two. In the second stage, the tau for 3 animals in LL470 was greater than 24 h; in LL<1 it was greater than 24 h for one and lower for two. In the third stage the tau decreased with the light intensity increase for animal 8. During the first days in the experimental room, the animals did not synchronize to the LD cycle with activity and rest occurring in both phases. The results indicate that the activity/rest rhythm of Kerodon rupestris can be affected by light intensity and that the synchronization to the LD cycle results from entrainment as well as masking probably as a consequence of the action of two or more oscillators with low coupling strength
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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O experimento objetivou avaliar as alterações físicas, produção de ovos e mortalidade de codornas poedeiras alimentadas por diferentes períodos com milho moído após muda forçada. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos (0, 4 e 7) dias de alimentação com milho moído e quatro repetições de 30 aves por parcela para análise do peso vivo e mortalidade e duas aves por parcela para análise das características físicas. Os resultados mostraram involução do aparelho reprodutivo até o quarto dia após muda forçada. Após sete dias, as aves alimentadas com ração de produção atingiram o peso que possuíam antes da muda forçada, e aos onze dias, as aves alimentadas com milho moído por sete dias não haviam ainda recuperado o peso de aparelho reprodutivo existente antes da muda forçada.
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OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da suplementação de L-carnitina, por 30 dias, sobre a taxa metabólica de repouso (TMR) e oxidação de ácidos graxos livres (AGL), em repouso e exercício. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Vinte e um voluntários ativos (40 a 58 anos) com sobrepeso foram randomizados em dois grupos: suplementado (GS; N = 11; 1,8 g/dia de L-carnitina) e placebo (GP; N = 10; maltodextrina). Foi feita avaliação da ingestão calórica, antropometria, determinação da TMR, VO2máx, quociente respiratório e AGL plasmáticos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa na ingestão (-244,66 vs. -126,00 kcal/dia), composição corporal (-0,07 vs. -0,17 kg/m²), TMR (0,06 vs. -0,02 kcal/ dia), quociente respiratório em repouso (3,69 vs. -1,01) e exercício (0,01 vs. -0,01) e VO2máx (0,50 vs. 1,25 mL/kg/min) para o grupo GS em relação ao GP. Houve aumento dos AGL em repouso no GP (0,27), porém sem diferenças no exercício para os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve efeito da L-carnitina em nenhuma das variáveis analisadas no estudo.
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OBJETIVOS: Realizou-se um estudo transversal para avaliar a taxa de metabolismo de repouso (TMR) e condições socioeconômicas em 15 crianças escolares do sexo feminino; eutróficas (EU= estatura/idade 3 95% e peso/idade entre 90-110%) e 15 com desnutrição pregressa (DP= estatura/idade < 95% e peso/estatura entre 90-110%) moradoras em favelas no município de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Avaliou-se a TMR por calorimetria indireta, e a situação socioeconômica por entrevista domiciliar. RESULTADOS: O grupo DP apresentou TMR mais alta quando expressa por unidade de peso corpóreo (EU= 40,5 Kcal/kg/dia; DP=44,4 Kcal/kg/dia, p<0,05) e por quilograma de massa magra (EU= 49,2 Kcal/kg/dia; DP=52,5 Kcal/kg/dia, p<0,05); e diferenças significantes para renda per capita, analfabetismo materno, número de parasitas por criança, número de ordem entre os filhos e número de irmãos. em análise multivariada as variáveis associadas à desnutrição foram renda per capita e analfabetismo materno. CONCLUSÕES: Embora os dois grupos tenham peso/estatura normais, a presença de baixa estatura leve foi acompanhada por alterações metabólicas e socioeconômicas típicas de um quadro de desnutrição.
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We examined the EEG of 88 patients with chronic renal failure (80 adults and 8 children) submitted to different types of treatment such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialisys, renal transplantation, and ambulatory follow-up. The main alteration observed was diffuse disorganization of background activity. The following features were detected in decreasing order of frequency: low-voltage EEG, triphasic waves, abnormal waking reactions, and paradoxal alpha rhythm. The children showed abnormal alpha rhythm. The alterations induced by intermittent photic stimulation in our patients were minimal, and this was the main difference in relation to data reported by other authors in EEG studies on patients with chronic uremia.
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This work was carried out at the Fazenda Experimental Lageado, at Botucatu, SP, to evaluate the physiological quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), seeds harvested at different fruit maturity stages and post-harvest resting periods. Fruits of cultivar Pérola were harvested at 6 ages (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 days after anthesis) and they were stored at room temperature for 0, 5, 10 or 15 days before seed extraction. After this, seeds were fermented for 2 days, washed and dried. External visual characteristics of fruits and seeds were observed at harvest. Seed quality was evaluated as for moisture, dry matter content, dimensions, germination, and vigour. Results showed that seed germination and vigour increased in fruits aging from 20 to 40 days. Post-harvest periods improved seed quality of 20-day old fruits not reaching the seed quality levels observed in 40 or 45-day old fruits, without post-harvest resting period. Seeds from fruits at 25, 30 and 35 days of age, with 10 or 15 days of post-harvest resting period reached the same quality levels of seeds from fruits with 40-45 days old.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA