A new allele of peptidase-B in cattle

Electrophoretic analyses of peptidase-B were carried out on red cell hemolysates from Holstein, Mantiqueira and Gyr cattle, using cornstarch, known in Brazil as Penetrose-30. We describe a new peptidase-B allele, denoted Pep-B1, in Mantiqueira cattle, belonging to the Bos taurus group, which are the result of a cross of native cattle of Portuguese origin introduced in Brazil during colonial times (16th century) with Holstein and Caracu cattle. The genetic control of peptidase-B was determined by typing parents and progeny segregating for all three alleles, confirming that peptidase B is controlled by a single autosomal locus with three codominant alleles, denoted Pep-B1, Pep-B2 and Pep-B3 The use of the citrate-phosphate buffer system, at pH 5.9, on 14% gel, under the electrophoretic conditions standardized in this study permitted good visualization of all peptidase-B variants.

La compétition et l’exploitation optimale des ressources chez les parasitoïdes

Les femelles parasitoïdes exploitant un agrégat d’hôtes doivent ajuster leurs comportements en fonction des facteurs environnementaux auxquels elles sont soumises, dont la présence de compétiteurs dans l’environnement. L’objectif de cette étude est de mesurer les impacts de la compétition sur les stratégies d’exploitation d’agrégats chez deux espèces de parasitoïdes non agressives. Les espèces Trichogramma pintoi et T. minutum (Hymenoptera : Trichogrammatidae), des parasitoïdes d’œufs de lépidoptères, furent utilisées et leurs temps de résidence dans l’agrégat, leurs mécanismes de prise de décision et le sexe des descendants alloués furent mesurés en l'absence de compétition et en situation de compétition directe et indirecte, intra- et interspécifique. Trichogramma pintoi privilégie une stratégie générale basée uniquement sur la qualité perçue de l’agrégat. À l’inverse, T. minutum privilégie une stratégie adaptée au type de la compétition (directe ou indirecte) et à la nature des compétiteurs (intra ou interspécifiques), sans égards à la qualité de l’agrégat. La distinction de ces deux stratégies amène des perspectives de recherche intéressantes sur les impacts de la compétition à l’échelle du paysage, et est d’un intérêt certain pour ceux voulant améliorer l’efficacité des programmes et des élevages de masse utilisés en lutte biologique.

On Some Infinite Convex Invariants

The present study on some infinite convex invariants. The origin of convexity can be traced back to the period of Archimedes and Euclid. At the turn of the nineteenth centaury , convexicity became an independent branch of mathematics with its own problems, methods and theories. The convexity can be sorted out into two kinds, the first type deals with generalization of particular problems such as separation of convex sets[EL], extremality[FA], [DAV] or continuous selection Michael[M1] and the second type involved with a multi- purpose system of axioms. The theory of convex invariants has grown out of the classical results of Helly, Radon and Caratheodory in Euclidean spaces. Levi gave the first general definition of the invariants Helly number and Radon number. The notation of a convex structure was introduced by Jamison[JA4] and that of generating degree was introduced by Van de Vel[VAD8]. We also prove that for a non-coarse convex structure, rank is less than or equal to the generating degree, and also generalize Tverberg’s theorem using infinite partition numbers. Compare the transfinite topological and transfinite convex dimensions

A high efficiency technique for the generation of transgenic sugar beets from stomatal guard cells

An optimized protocol has been developed for the efficient and rapid genetic modification of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). A polyethylene glycol-mediated DNA transformation technique could be applied to protoplast populations enriched specifically for a single totipotent cell type derived from stomatal guard cells, to achieve high transformation frequencies. Bialaphos resistance, conferred by the pat gene, produced a highly efficient selection system. The majority of plants were obtained within 8 to 9 weeks and were appropriate for plant breeding purposes. All were resistant to glufosinate-ammonium-based herbicides. Detailed genomic characterization has verified transgene integration, and progeny analysis showed Mendelian inheritance.

Microminerais complexados a aminoácidos no desempenho reprodutivo de matrizes pesadas e resposta da progênie

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de microminerais complexados a aminoácidos na alimentação de matrizes de frango de corte sobre o desempenho, variáveis de incubação e desempenho da progênie. O estudo foi dividido em três experimentos: exp.1. desempenho das matrizes, exp.2. incubação e exp.3. desempenho da progênie. No exp. 1, foram utilizadas 260 aves da linhagem CobbAvian 48 (240 matrizes e 20 machos), avaliando-se produção e massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por massa e por dúzia de ovos, peso e gravidade específica. No exp. 2, determinou-se a taxa de eclosão, eclodibilidade e fertilidade. No exp. 3 avaliou-se o desempenho dos pintinhos nascidos das incubações. No exp. 1, não houve interação entre tratamento e período (P>0,05) para produção de ovos, massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por massa e por dúzia de ovos, peso e gravidade específica dos ovos. Contudo, houve efeito (P<0,05) do período para todas as variáveis citadas anteriormente. No exp. 2, a taxa de eclosão, fertilidade e eclodibilidade não apresentaram diferenças significativas (P<0,05). Com relação ao exp. 3 também não houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) no desempenho da progênie. A suplementação com microminerais complexados a aminoácidos não influencia no desempenho das matrizes, variáveis de incubação e desempenho das progênies.

Efeito de valores discrepantes em grupos de contemporâneos na predição dos valores genéticos

Foram simuladas nove populações, cada uma com cinco replicações da variável ganho médio diário (GMD1) com distribuição normal e média 100, variando o tamanho dos grupos e os desvios-padrão. Cada replicação foi dividida de modo a formar grupos que representariam grupos de contemporâneos (GC) e de progênie dentro de GC. Cada GC tinha dez pais. Obtiveram-se três conjuntos: o conjunto 1 com 1.000 grupos de contemporâneos (GC), cada um com 100 observações e dez observações por pai; o conjunto 2, com 2.500 GC, 40 observações e quatro observações por pai; e o conjunto 3, com 5.000 GC, 20 observações e dois filhos por pai. em cada população, gerou-se GMD1, a qual foi transformada em outra variável, da seguinte forma: DIAS1 = 100/GMD1. Calcularam-se para cada pai, dentro de cada GC, as contribuições de cada GC ao valor de cada pai, para GMD1 (Cx) e DIAS1 (Cy). Os efeitos do máximo e da média de DIAS1 no grupo sobre o valor absoluto de Cy foram significativos, mas o R² foi baixo (máximo de 16%). O mínimo de DIAS1 não influenciou o valor de Cy. O máximo e o mínimo de GMD1 sobre Cx foram significativos, mas os R² foram muito baixos (máximo de 2%). A média não influenciou Cx. em grupos de contemporâneos com um animal com valor de GMD muito baixo, o valor de DIAS desse animal será relativamente muito mais alto, o que afetará a média do grupo e os valores de todos os animais do grupo. Esse efeito se refletirá na avaliação de seus pais e será mais uma importante fonte de erros na avaliação genética do rebanho. Assim, a utilização de DIAS em substituição ao GMD como critério de seleção para o melhoramento de bovinos é contra-indicada, pois deverá reduzir a possibilidade de ganho genético para crescimento.

Potential of Acarophenax lacunatus (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) as a biological control agent of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

A recent report of the parasitic mite species Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross and Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) attacking populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) led to the present investigation. Maximum female size and average number of progeny per female mite were assessed at eight different temperatures (ranging from 20 to 41°C) and 60% r.h. using R. dominica as the host. The ability of the mite species to suppress eggs, first instar larvae, and adults of R. dominica was assessed at 30°C and 60% r.h. The largest female sizes of the mite and progeny numbers were obtained around 30°C (259 μm and 17 offspring/female respectively) with minimum values obtained at the most extreme temperatures used in this study. Mite densities of at least four individuals per 500 ml jar containing 50 adults of R. dominica, resulted in almost complete suppression of eggs, first instar larvae, and adults of the host species after 45 days. This same range of mite densities led to reductions of wheat weight losses of 15 and 25% after 45 and 60 days after infestation respectively. Acarophenax lacunatus shows good potential as a biological control agent of R. dominica.

Variação e parâmetros genéticos em teste de progênies de polinização livre de Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) taubert em Luiz Antonio -SP

Intensive deforestation and forest fragmentation of the Brazilian forest biomes has contributed to increase the number of trees species under the risk of extinction. Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) Taubert is one of these species. Some of its populations are being conserved ex situ by the Instituto Florestal de São Paulo through provenance and progeny tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variation and to estimate genetic parameters at age 24 years in a progeny test of P. dubium established in Luiz Antônio, São Paulo State, Brazil. The trial was established in a random block design, with six replications, five plants per plot and 18 open-pollinated progenies. Measured were: diameter at breast height (DBH), height and stem form. The genetic parameters heritability, genetic variation and effective population size were estimated. Significant genetic differences were observed only for DBH. This trait also presented a high coefficient of genetic variation (CV g=4.8%) and heritability, especially among progeny means (h m 2=0.6607). This indicates that DBH is the most indicated trait for selection in the population. The effective population size conserved ex situ in the test was estimated to be 38.9. Concerning genetic conservation, although the effective population size in the test is small, the values of the genetic variation and of the heritability indicate that the ex situ population has sufficient genetic variation and potential to respond to changes promoted by natural and artificial selection.

Heritability for resistance to Puccinia psidii Winter rust in Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden in Southwestern Brazil

The climates of the central and southern regions of São Paulo state in Brazil favor pathogens such as Puccinia psidii Winter, which causes a common and severe disease in Eucalyptus plantations under 2 years old. We studied genetic parameters including genotype by environment interaction (G × E) of resistance to P. psidii rust in Eucalyptus grandis at nine sites in São Paulo State. Open-pollinated progeny from ten 'provenances' were established in a randomized complete block design; at individual sites there were from 134 to 160 progenies, from four to eight blocks, and five to six trees per plot. Significant provenance and progeny(provenance) differences were detected, as was G × E involving progeny(provenance). However, the G × E involved little if any rank changes, indicating that selection can be done efficiently at a single site, if the disease level is sufficient. The estimated coefficient of genetic variation among the progeny within provenances CVg was high and variable among the sites (ranging from 11 % to 36. 7 %), demonstrating different expression of genetic variability among the sites. The estimated heritability at the individual-tree level h2 and within a plot hw 2 ranged from low to intermediate (ranging from 0. 04 to 0. 46) and was high at the progeny-mean level hf 2 (ranging from 0. 30 to 0. 86). Our study shows good prospects of controlling this disease by selection among and within progenies in a single site. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

O 222Rn em área contaminada por hidrocarbonetos na região de Santa Bárbara D'Oeste (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Variação, parâmetros genéticos e seleção entre e dentro de procedências e progênies de Handroanthus vellosoi (Toledo) Mattos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Seleção individual com teste de progênies em crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Estudo hidroquímico e radiométrico do aquífero Bauru em São José do Rio Preto (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da variabilidade genética em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Variação, herdabilidade e ganhos genéticos em progênies de Eucalyptus tereticornis aos 25 anos de idade em Batatais-SP

The wood of Eucalyptus tereticornis is intensively used for timber, structures, buildings, poles, posts and coal. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic and phenotypic correlations in growth and stem form traits of 52 open-pollinated progenies of E. tereticornis sampled from three Australian populations (20 progenies from Helenvale, 19 from Ravenshoe and 13 from Mt. Garnet). The progenies were compared with three commercial control also from Australian. The experimental design used was the compact family block, with the effect of provenance allocated in the plots and progenies within provenances in the subplots. Ten repetitions of the 52 treatments, sub-plots with six plants and the spacing of 3 x 2 m was used. At 25 years of age it was measured the diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, true volume and the stem form. We found genetic variation amon and within the three provenances and the possibility of obtaining high gains from mass selection and individual among and within progenies. The provenance Helenvale showed the best development for DBH, height and volume. The traits DBH, height and volume showed high genetic correlations (> 0.9), indicating the possibility to use the indirect selection. The coefficient of heritability on a progeny mean for the traits DBH and height was median, being 0.31 and 0.30, respectively. The expected genetic gain with the selection were estimated at 12.4% for DBH and 8.5 % for plant height. These results will subsidize the transformation of the provenance and progeny test in a seedling seed orchard and a clonal seed orchard.