O pioneirismo de memória de elefante como graphic novel autobiográfica brasileira

Dissertação apresentada no Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação - Mestrado da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul

Janet Frame : uma escritora de ficção e a ficção de uma escritora : os múltiplos processos da autobiografia estética

A escritora objeto desta tese, figura proeminente da literatura neozelandesa, voltou-se ao gênero autobiográfico após um longo percurso na área da ficção, para definir-se como uma primeira pessoa, depois de sua vida particular ter sido insistentemente confundida com sua obra por parte da crítica. Uma questão que logo vem à tona é que praticamente toda ficção resulta ser, até um certo grau, fundamentalmente autobiográfica e que a análise crítica da obra de um escritor possibilita o conhecimento de sua vida. Nosso argumento, opondo-se a esse pressuposto, parte da vida para melhor compreender a obra, evidenciando que Janet Frame manteve um grande distanciamento entre os eventos reais e sua ficcionalização, realizando uma tarefa que a coloca lado a lado dos nomes mais ilustres da literatura ocidental do século XX. Numa atitude comparatista, procuramos extrair os diversos processos de transmutação estética realizados pela escritora, buscando sanar algumas distorções que impediram uma análise mais confiável de sua obra, problematizando, entre outros aspectos, a questão do gênero autobiográfico, da mímese e do realismo ficcional. A manipulação artística da vida particular de Janet Frame foi resgatada por um conjunto de processos, entre os quais a antimímese, a poetização do quotidiano, a intertextualidade e a interdiscursividade, que revelam um alcance estético e uma auto-referencialidade deslocada muito além do mero biografismo. Outros aspectos analisados na obra como um todo indicam que novas abordagens da ficção de Janet Frame, a partir de enfoques pós-modernos, pós-coloniais, pós-estruturalistas e feministas podem superar as posturas reducionistas das quais ela foi alvo.

Uma leitura dos exercícios dos excursos n Os Lusíadas

The Lusiads is an epic poem, written by Luís de Camões, about the adventure of Vasco da Gama s trip and the history of Portugal. It's based on traditionals epics from the Greek and Roman poets, Homero and Virgílio. Camões followes especially their structures. However, the poet insert modifications that divert his poem from parameters established by Aristóteles for the classic epic poems. These deviations are centered mainly on the narrative subject and in the point of view. We intend to show an analysis focused on digressions from The Lusiads, in which the author, himself or by tellers characters, narrates the story in order to make his complaints, reflections and exhortations. Besides, we present general aspects of Maneirismo predominant in these digressions how evidences of modernity of the poem; as one brief outlook about the poem's projection in time and around the world. These points are importants elements of consolidation of a universal permanence of The Lusiads. That's why they have had to read and to study by the centuries, according the vision of the epoch's spirit

Aspectos epidemiológicos, cognitivo-comportamentais e neurofisiológicos do sonho lúcido

Lucid dreaming (LD) is a mental state in which the subject is aware of being dreaming while dreaming. The prevalence of LD among Europeans, North Americans and Asians is quite variable (between 26 and 92%) (Stepansky et al., 1998; Schredl & Erlacher, 2011; Yu, 2008); in Latin Americans it is yet to be investigated. Furthermore, the neural bases of LD remain controversial. Different studies have observed that LD presents power increases in the alpha frequency band (Tyson et al., 1984), in beta oscillations recorded from the parietal cortex (Holzinger et al., 2006) and in gamma rhythm recorded from the frontal cortex (Voss et al., 2009), in comparison with non-lucid dreaming. In this thesis we report epidemiological and neurophysiological investigations of LD. To investigate the epidemiology of LD (Study 1), we developed an online questionnaire about dreams that was answered by 3,427 volunteers. In this sample, 56% were women, 24% were men and 20% did not inform their gender (the median age was 25 years). A total of 76.5% of the subjects reported recalling dreams at least once a week, and about two-thirds of them reported dreaming always in the first person, i.e. when the dreamer observes the dream from within itself, not as another dream character. Dream reports typically depicted actions (93.3%), known people (92.9%), sounds/voices (78.5%), and colored images (76.3%). The oneiric content was related to plans for upcoming days (37.8%), and memories of the previous day (13.8%). Nightmares were characterized by general anxiety/fear (65.5%), feeling of being chased (48.5%), and non-painful unpleasant sensations (47.6%). With regard to LD, 77.2% of the subjects reported having experienced LD at least once in their lifetime (44.9% reported up to 10 episodes ever). LD frequency was weakly correlated with dream recall frequency (r = 0.20, p <0.001) and was higher in men (χ2=10.2, p=0.001). The control of LD was rare (29.7%) and inversely correlated with LD duration (r=-0.38, p <0.001), which is usually short: to 48.5% of the subjects, LD takes less than 1 minute. LD occurrence is mainly associated with having sleep without a fixed time to wake up (38.3%), which increases the chance of having REM sleep (REMS). LD is also associated with stress (30.1%), which increases REMS transitions into wakefulness. Overall, the data suggest that dreams and nightmares can be evolutionarily understood as a simulation of the common situations that happen in life, and that are related to our social, psychological and biological integrity. The results also indicate that LD is a relatively common experience (but not recurrent), often elusive and difficult to control, suggesting that LD is an incomplete stationary stage (or phase transition) between REMS and wake state. Moreover, despite the variability of LD prevalence among North Americans, Europeans and Asians, our data from Latin Americans strengthens the notion that LD is a general phenomenon of the human species. To further investigate the neural bases of LD (Study 2), we performed sleep recordings of 32 non-frequent lucid dreamers (sample 1) and 6 frequent lucid dreamers (sample 2). In sample 1, we applied two cognitive-behavioral techniques to induce LD: presleep LD suggestion (n=8) and light pulses applied during REMS (n=8); in a control group we made no attempt to influence dreaming (n=16). The results indicate that it is quite difficult but still possible to induce LD, since we could induce LD in a single subject, using the suggestion technique. EEG signals from this one subject exhibited alpha (7-14 Hz) bursts prior to LD. These bursts were brief (about 3s), without significant change in muscle tone, and independent of the presence of rapid eye movements. No such bursts were observed in the remaining 31 subjects. In addition, LD exhibited significantly higher occipital alpha and right temporo-parietal gamma (30-50 Hz) power, in comparison with non-lucid REMS. In sample 2, LD presented increased frontal high-gamma (50-100 Hz) power on average, in comparison with non-lucid REMS; however, this was not consistent across all subjects, being a clear phenomenon in just one subject. We also observed that four of these volunteers showed an increase in alpha rhythm power over the occipital region, immediately before or during LD. Altogether, our preliminary results suggest that LD presents neurophysiological characteristics that make it different from both waking and the typical REMS. To the extent that the right temporo-parietal and frontal regions are related to the formation of selfconsciousness and body internal image, we suggest that an increased activity in these regions during sleep may be the neurobiological mechanism underlying LD. The alpha rhythm bursts, as well as the alpha power increase over the occipital region, may represent micro-arousals, which facilitate the contact of the brain during sleep with the external environment, favoring the occurrence of LD. This also strengthens the notion that LD is an intermediary state between sleep and wakefulness

A concordância verbal na língua falada na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Instantes líricos de revelação: a narrativa poética em A paixão segundo G. H

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pequenas criaturas e o efeito de real: a estética da crueldade em Rubem Fonseca

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O enigma filosófico da identidade pessoal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Duas diferentes perspectivas para o estudo da consciência na Filosofia contemporânea da mente

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Concordância verbal e variação: uma fotografia sociolingüística da cidade de São Carlos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Representações do feminino em Dom Casmurro e The Turn of the Screw

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

A ironia nas Terceiras estórias: Tutaméia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A variação da concordância verbal entre os falantes do Mato Grosso do Sul

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Concordância verbal e variação: um estudo descritivo-comparativo do português brasileiro e do português europeu

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A maldição das palavras e o sujeito dilacerado de Marcelo Mirisola (2009)

There is an area in the Brazilian Contemporary Literature which is articulated according to the first person narrator who presents the problematic of the own creational action, the expression of a conflictual subjectivity divided between the vertiginous dive into itself – what would imply in a renounce of the world and the reality, where the authors’ work are their only matter – and the social participation - not as an awareness, but as the recognition of the limits and impasses which the real representation imposes on the creative writing. Therefore, this article proposes a reading on the novel O Azul do Filho Morto (2002) by Marcelo Mirisola, to try to situate him into the recent Brazilian literary production, as well as to reflect on his narrative the complex notion of authorship which is called into question on his novels, since they produce an intrincate imbrication between the fictional subject and the empirical image of the writer himself, breaking and confusing the limits between the fictional discourse and the extralinguistic reality which is evoked, manipulated, distorted and made unstable on his representational process.