Growth, carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi muscle in goat kids fed diets with castor oil

The objective in this study was to determine growth, carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi of crossbred Boer x Saanen kids fed castor oil. Twenty-four kids (12 males and 12 females) were assigned in a randomized complete block design with two treatments and twelve replications. Blocks were defined according to weight, gender and initial age of animals for the evaluation of performance. The experimental treatments consisted of two diets containing 900 g concentrate/kg: a control diet (without addition of oil) and another containing castor oil at 30 g/kg (on a dry matter basis). After they reached an average body weight of 25 kg, males were slaughtered for the evaluation of carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi muscle. The addition of castor oil in the diet did not affect the intake of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber; the average daily gain; and feed conversion, but increased the ether extract intake. No difference was observed for the carcass characteristics, chemical composition of the meat, concentration of C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA) and total concentration of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and their relations; however, there was increase in the concentrations of C18:2 trans-10, cis-12 (CLA) and C20:4 omega-6. The addition of castor oil to the diet of crossbred Boer x Saanen kids containing a high content of concentrate did not promote benefit to the characteristics evaluated.

Food intake of Macrobrachium rosenbergii during larval development

This work investigates the acceptance of different food types and sizes by Macrobrachium rosenbergii during each larval stage. Food intake of dry and wet formulated diets of four different size classes (250-425, 425-710, 710-1000 and 1000-1190 mum), as well as Artemia nauplii, was determined. Larvae of each zoeal stage were stocked in beakers and fed ad libitum. After 30-45 min, the digestive tract of each larva was observed under a stereomicroscope. Acceptance was evaluated by food intake frequency (FFI). There was no significant interaction (P<0.05) between inert diet size and FFI for each larval stage. Therefore, food intake during larval development is independent of food particle size. The ingestion of Artemia nauplii, was significantly higher by larvae between stages II and VI. Between stages VII and XI, FFI for Artemia nauplii and wet diet was similar, while the FFI of the dry diet was similar to live food between stages IX and XI. The wet diet was ingested by more than 50% of the larvae only from stage VII onwards, while the dry diet from stage VIII onwards. These results indicate that larvae could be fed Artemia nauplii only until stage VI. Diet supplementation should start from stage VII onwards, using food particles varying from 250 to 1190 mum. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Desempenho de cordeiros em confinamento alimentados com dieta exclusiva de concentrado com diferentes porcentagens de proteína

O presente experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de cordeiros em confinamento alimentados com dieta exclusiva de concentrado com diferentes porcentagens de proteína. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros mestiços da raça Santa Inês, não castrados, com aproximadamente 180 dias de idade, peso vivo médio de 25kg, confinados, num delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. O consumo voluntário de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta e nutrientes digestíveis totais, além do ganho de peso diário e total, da conversão e da eficiência alimentar dos cordeiros, não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pela porcentagem de proteína na dieta. As dietas com 18 e 20% de proteína bruta apresentaram menores custos de produção, entretanto o menor custo foi obtido com a ração contendo 18% de PB.

Desempenho de cordeiros lactentes recebendo probióticos em comedouros privativos

The presente study was carried out to evaluate the performance of 40 lambs 7/8 Ile de France 1/8 Ideal (20 not castrated males and 20 females) raised with access to creep feeding, until get 17 kg of corporeal weight. The animals were divided in treatments, receiving isoproteic and isoenergetic diets, with diferent levels of probiotics (D1=0%, D2=0,8% e D3=12%). They were analysed in regart to born weight, weight at 30 days and weight gain at maternal independent (from 1th to 4th weeks) and maternal independent (from 5th to 8th week), the age of wean and daily weight gain. The average intake of dry matter by the lambs at D1, D2 and D3 was 0,27, 0,26 and 0,27 kg/day, respectively. On maternal dependent phase, there was no interaction and differences between diet and sex in the born weight (3.30 kg), weight at 30 days of age (11.79 kg) and in the average daily weight gain (0.28 kg). On maternal independent phase, there were no differences in the age of weam (53 days) and daily weight gain (0,26 kg) between diet and sex. It was concluded that probiotics inclusion in the diet of the suckling lambs (males not castrated and females) didn't improve their performance.

Consumo, digestibilidade aparente e balanço de nitrogênio em ovelhas alimentadas com diferentes níveis de fibra em detergente neutro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fontes energéticas associadas ao farelo de girassol ou à ureia em dietas para novilhos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass traits of steers fed corn or citrus pulp associated with sunflower meal or urea. Diets were composed of two energy sources (corn grain and citrus pulp) associated with two protein sources (soybean meal and urea), resulting in four treatments in forage:concentrate ratio of 40:60. It were used 24 steers, 1/2 Angus × 1/2 Nellore (18 months old and 329 kg BW) distributed in a completely randomized design which were finished in feedlot for 80 days. It were evaluated the intake, average daily gain and carcass traits of the animals. Intake of dry matter (DMI), crude protein (CPI) and neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) were affected (p<0.05) by diets. The diet with citrus pulp and urea (PU) showed the lowest (p<0.05) DMI (8.30 kg), CPI (1.03 kg) and NDFI (3.31 kg). The average daily weight gain (ADG) followed the behavior of DMI, NDFI and CPI and the lowest value (p<0.05) was observed for animals fed diet PU. Regarding carcass traits, diets containing corn associated with urea (MU) or sunflower meal (MFG) and citrus pulp associated with sunflower meal (PFG), provided the highest (p<0.05) carcass cold weights (238.37, 247.26 and 237.14 kg, respectively). However, the lowest cold carcass dressing percentage (p<0.05) was obtained in diet MU (50.57%). The association of citrus pulp with urea should not be performed when citrus pulp partially or totally replace corn as energy source in diets, because possibly this association promote an energy deficit resulting in lower performance and worse carcass traits of animals finished in feedlot.

Índice de seleção bioeconômico para fêmeas de corte da raça nelore

The reproductive efficiency of Nellore females was described on the basis of sexual precocity, staying productive in the herd (NP), maternal productivity (PM) and estimated cost for maintenance (CM). The combination of these traits resulted in the bioeconomic maternal revenue index (RMat) ensures reproductive efficiency. The index estimates the return in kilograms of live weight produced per cow per year. In addition, the composition of calf weight produced was considered, adding to the PM the information on the scores of conformation, muscling and early finishing at weaning, in order to input the calf biotype. The females considered precocious had their age at first calving before 30 months. The NP was expressed by the number of calving till 53 months of age. The CM was calculated according to the estimated feed intake of dry matter. The estimated average RMat was 62.02±24.12 kg/ cow/year. Estimates of additive genetic and residual variances for RMat, using restricted maximum likelihood under a single trait animal model was equal to 195.35 and 242.96, respectively. The heritability estimated was 0.45±0.02, indicating that RMat is inheritable and can be applied in the breeding program to improve reproductive efficiency. The NP was the main component of variation for RMat. Sires selected based on RMat tended to have more efficient daughters.

Grãos e subprodutos da canola na alimentação de ovinos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Valor nutritivo da silagem de grãos úmidos de milho na alimentação de vacas da raça holandesa

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estimativa do fluxo de nutrientes pelo trato digestivo de bovinos de corte alimentados com Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst A. Rich) Stapf. cv. Marandu em duas idades de rebrota

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Concentrados de alta fibra em dietas para a terminação de novilhas Nelore

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização microbiológica e avaliação de uma cepa de Bacillus subtilis no desempenho de bezerros da raça Holandesa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Suplementação de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados protegidos no desempenho e respostas imunológicas de bovinos nelores confinados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Fontes lipídicas na terminação de novilhos Nelore confinados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros em confinamento, alimentados com dieta exclusiva de concentrado com diferentes porcentagens de proteína

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior of feedlot lambs fed with an exclusive diet of concentrate with different percentages of protein (14, 16, 18, and 20%). A total of twenty four Santa Inês crossbred lambs, not castrated, with approximately 180 days of age, average live weight of 25kg, confined, in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and six repetitions. The time spent on feeding decreased linearly in 0.20 hours/day for each 1% increasing in protein percentage in the diet, the idleness increased linearly in 0.25 hours/day, and the total chewing decreased linearly in 0.25 hours/day. The increase in the protein percentage in the diet increased the feed efficiency linearly (kg DM and NDF/hour) in 0.038 and 0.005kg/hour, respectively, for DM and NDF fractions. However, the intake of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), the rumination efficiency (kg DM and NDF/hour), as well as the period (nº /day) and the time (min) spent on feeding, ruminating and idling were not influenced by different protein percentages in the diet.