Zoneamento ambiental como subsídio para o planejamento de uso e ocupação do solo do município de Corumbataí - SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A organização do trabalho pedagógico na escola e o sistema apostilado de ensino: estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

A revista civilização brasileira: projeto editorial e resistência cultural (1965-1968)

During the first years of the military dictatorship, established in Brazil through a coup d'État, a number of institutions which repression had left unarticulated began a process of resistance and opposition to the military government. Cultural resistance was one of the consecrated forms of resistance that was exercised by intellectuals, artists, professors and cultural producers, among others, and that became an unprecedented political and cultural phenomenon in the country's history. Political, insofar as it aided in the process of re-organizing left-wing political parties and in the revision of the ideological postulates of its preeminent party, the PCB (Partido Comunista Brasileiro - Brazilian Communist Party). Cultural, because this re-organization occurred, frequently, within the ambit of cultural productions, in which the left created a space for contestation and engagement through the arts and intellectual activities. Within this process, between the years 1965 and 1968. The journal Civilização Brasileira became an important space for the building of leftist cultural resistance against the military dictatorship. The journal was able to impose its political legitimacy while at the same time participating actively in a market o cultural goods sustained by the so-called cultural hegemony of the left.

O transporte coletivo urbano em São José do Rio Preto - SP e sua relação com as transformações do espaço urbano

The process of urbanization that happened in Brazil during the twentieth century led to processes of structuring and re-organization of space, besides the emergence of many urban problems. Industrialization and urbanization are some of the main causes that could be cited as consequences of this process. As a result of the steep rise of cities, the transport systems became fundamental in boosting flows (immaterial) and the mobility of people and stuff (materials) in the territory. The urban model created for the city of São Paulo in the 1930s was repeated over the years in the medium-sized cities, being repeated the same problems that occurred in the metropolis. In this context our work fits in analyzing the changes occurring in the urban area of São José do Rio Preto - SP, from his relationship with the public transportation system in the face of intra-urban spatial configuration of the city. Transport, while it is recognized by authors as being really important for the analysis and intra-urban spatial configuration, has been little analyzed as the object of study by a geographer, and so, our work has more value

A formação de professores e os desafios do ensino/aprendizagem em períodos de mudanças sociais

The objective of this paper is to present the relationship between higher education with other levels of education. In Brazil, some challenges were launched to fulfill improvement in teaching / learning covering a scientific development with the involvement of several bodies, among them the science and society. Therefore, according to the National Postgraduate-PNPG, the close relationship between science and society requires a scientific-cultural training that should start in higher education, teacher training, and that this knowledge can follow the company, traversing all levels of education prior to higher education. Thus, we analyze the formation of teachers as one of the pillars of our discussion, trying to understand that at different times, men have paid attention to the re/organization of society, to masters/teachers have the knowledge that enabled individuals to convey an apprenticeship favoring the theoretical reflection on practice. So, we have considered some classics, as Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, that dealt on the training of teachers (as) in different periods, expressing concern about the quality of teaching and documents dealing with the situation of education in Brazil

A divulgação da informação científicva no rádio

This paper discusses re-organization of the radio station as a company that currently is technically and administratively plan whenever necessary to improve the conditions of production of radio programs for the transmission of scientific information.

Oltre Oceano: Altri orizzonti del possibile. Epistemiologie di Abya Yala e progettualità esistenziale “Lekil Kuxlejal,Sumak Kawsay, Kajkrasa Ruyina”. Filosofie della Terra per una Pedagogia del Buen Vivir

Questo elaborato propone alcune riflessioni sulla necessità urgente di un nuovo paradigma educativo, mediante la re-organizzazione delle scienze della conoscenza, scienze in parole di Morin, “disgiunte e frazionate, inadeguate ad affrontare problemi che richiedono oggi approcci multidisciplinari”. La sfida: affrontare i nuovi problemi di una convivenza planetaria, attraverso le connessioni del pensiero ecologico, in questo studio asse centrale delle cosmovisioni e della Sapienza ancestrale dei Popoli di AbyaYala (America Latina). Popoli in cui la Vita come orizzonte di Armonia ed Equilibrio si concretizza in pratiche di Vita Quotidiana grazie ad una Pedagogia del BuenVivir, inclusiva e partecipativa, rispettosa della diversità biologica e delle differenze culturali, nonché della Sacralità della Terra e della Vita in tutte le sue manifestazioni. La cornice teorica considerata fa riferimento in modo particolare a: L’Ecologia della Mente (Bateson); Il problematicismo Pedagogico e l’Educazione alla Progettualità Esistenziale (G.M.Bertin, Contini); l’Ecologia dei Saperi e le Epistemologie del Sud (Boaventura di Sousa Santos, sociologo portoghese), in modo da tessere ponti di dialogo fra le diverse discipline, in particolare fra la pedagogia, la geografia, l’antropologia, la filosofia, la sociologia, la letteratura, il diritto e anche con le neuroscienze.

The Council of Ministers of the European Union After the Lisbon Treaty

The Treaty of Lisbon has brought remarkable changes and innovations to the European Union. As far as the Council of Ministers of the European Union (“the Council” hereinafter) is concerned, there are two significant innovations: double qualified majority voting and new rotating Presidency scheme, which are considered to make the working of the Council more efficiently, stably and consistently. With the modification relating to other key institutions, the Commission and the European Parliament, and with certain procedures being re-codified, the power of the Council varies accordingly, where the inter-institutional balance counts for more research. As the Council is one of the co-legislatures of the Union, the legislative function of it would be probably influenced, positively or negatively, by the internal innovations and the inter-institutional re-balance. Has the legislative function of the Council been reinforced or not? How could the Council better reach its functional goal designed by the Treaties’ drafter? How to evaluate the Council’s evolution after Lisbon Treaty in the light of European integration? This thesis is attempting to find the answers by analyzing two main internal innovations and inter-institutional re-balance thereinafter.

Genus Bifidobacterium: taxonomy studies and gene expression analysis on folate pathway

Folates (vitamin B9) are essential water soluble vitamins, whose deficiency in humans may contribute to the onset of several diseases, such as anaemia, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological problems as well as defects in embryonic development. Human and other mammals are unable to synthesize ex novo folate obtaining it from exogenous sources, via intestinal absorption. Recently the gut microbiota has been identified as an important source of folates and the selection and use of folate producing microorganisms represents an innovative strategy to increase human folate levels. The aim of this thesis was to gain a fundamental understanding of folate metabolism in Bifidobacterium adolescentis. The work was subdivided in three main phases, also aimed to solve different problems encountered working with Bifidobacterium strains. First, a new identification method (based on PCR-RFLP of hsp60 gene) was specifically developed to identify Bifidobacterium strains. Secondly, Bifidobacterium adolescentis biodiversity was explored in order to recognize representing strains of this species to be screened for their folate production ability. Results showed that this species is characterized by a wide variability and support the idea that a possible new taxonomic re-organization would be required. Finally B. adolescentis folate metabolism was studied using a double approach. A quantitative analysis of folate content was complemented by the examination of expression levels of genes involved in folate related pathways. For the normalization process, required to increase the robustness of the qRT-PCR analysis, an appropriate set of reference genes was tested using two different algorithms. Results demonstrate that B.adolescentis strains may represent an endogenous source of natural folate and they could be used to fortify fermented dairy products. This bio-fortification strategy presents many advantages for the consumer, providing native folate forms more bio-available, and not implicated in the discussed controversy concerning the safety of high intake of synthetic folic acid.

Low-temperature evolution of the Morondava rift basin shoulder in western Madagascar: An apatite fission track study

[1] The evolution of the rift shoulder and the sedimentary sequence of the Morondava basin in western Madagascar was mainly influenced by a Permo-Triassic continental failed rift (Karroo rift), and the early Jurassic separation of Madagascar from Africa. Karroo deposits are restricted to a narrow corridor along the basement-basin contact and parts of this contact feature a steep escarpment. Here, apatite fission track (AFT) analysis of a series of both basement and sediment samples across the escarpment reveals the low-temperature evolution of the exhuming Precambrian basement in the rift basin shoulder and the associated thermal evolution of the sedimentary succession. Seven basement and four Karroo sediment samples yield apparent AFT ages between ∼330 and ∼215 Ma and ∼260 and ∼95 Ma, respectively. Partially annealed fission tracks and thermal modeling indicate post-depositional thermal overprinting of both basement and Karroo sediment. Rocks presently exposed in the rift shoulder indicate temperatures of >60°C associated with this reheating whereby the westernmost sample in the sedimentary plain experienced almost complete resetting of the detrital apatite grains at temperatures of about ∼90–100°C. The younging of AFT ages westward indicates activity of faults, re-activating inherited Precambrian structures during Karroo sedimentation. Furthermore, our data suggest onset of final cooling/exhumation linked to (1) the end of Madagascar's drift southward relative to Africa during the Early Cretaceous, (2) activity of the Marion hot spot and associated Late Cretaceous break-up between Madagascar and India, and (3) the collision of India with Eurasia and subsequent re-organization of spreading systems in the Indian Ocean.

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in the light of its type-three secretion system

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is an important pathogen in salmonid aquaculture and is responsible for the typical furunculosis. The type-three secretion system (T3SS) is a major virulence system. In this work, we review structure and function of this highly sophisticated nanosyringe in A. salmonicida. Based on the literature as well as personal experimental observations, we document the genetic (re)organization, expression regulation, anatomy, putative functional origin and roles in the infectious process of this T3SS. We propose a model of pathogenesis where A. salmonicida induces a temporary immunosuppression state in fish in order to acquire free access to host tissues. Finally, we highlight putative important therapeutic and vaccine strategies to prevent furunculosis of salmonid fish.

Cardiolipin membrane domains in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Cardiolipin (CL) plays a key role in dynamic organization of bacterial and mitochondrial membranes. CL forms membrane domains in bacterial cells, and these domains appear to participate in binding and functional regulation of multi-protein complexes involved in diverse cellular functions including cell division, energy metabolism, and membrane transport. Visualization of CL domains in bacterial cells by the fluorescent dye 10-N-nonyl acridine orange is critically reviewed. Possible mechanisms proposed for CL dynamic localization in bacterial cells are discussed. In the mitochondrial membrane CL is involved in organization of multi-subunit oxidative phosphorylation complexes and in their association into higher order supercomplexes. Evidence suggesting a possible role for CL in concert with ATP synthase oligomers in establishing mitochondrial cristae morphology is presented. Hypotheses on CL-dependent dynamic re-organization of the respiratory chain in response to changes in metabolic states and CL dynamic re-localization in mitochondria during the apoptotic response are briefly addressed.

Detecting Functional Hubs of Ictogenic Networks

Quantitative EEG (qEEG) has modified our understanding of epileptic seizures, shifting our view from the traditionally accepted hyper-synchrony paradigm toward more complex models based on re-organization of functional networks. However, qEEG measurements are so far rarely considered during the clinical decision-making process. To better understand the dynamics of intracranial EEG signals, we examine a functional network derived from the quantification of information flow between intracranial EEG signals. Using transfer entropy, we analyzed 198 seizures from 27 patients undergoing pre-surgical evaluation for pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. During each seizure we considered for each network the in-, out- and total "hubs", defined respectively as the time and the EEG channels with the maximal incoming, outgoing or total (bidirectional) information flow. In the majority of cases we found that the hubs occur around the middle of seizures, and interestingly not at the beginning or end, where the most dramatic EEG signal changes are found by visual inspection. For the patients who then underwent surgery, good postoperative clinical outcome was on average associated with a higher percentage of out- or total-hubs located in the resected area (for out-hubs p = 0.01, for total-hubs p = 0.04). The location of in-hubs showed no clear predictive value. We conclude that the study of functional networks based on qEEG measurements may help to identify brain areas that are critical for seizure generation and are thus potential targets for focused therapeutic interventions.

Patients' compliance with physician's advice in Costa Rica

The penetration of the western-developed pharmaceutical industry in developing nations has had an impact not only on access to medicines but also on the value attached to medicines and the way they are consumed. People in developing countries have more faith in medicines than in doctors. Medicines constitute a large share of government health expenses but little emphasis has been placed on how medicines are being used. This dissertation includes a discussion on the penetration of pharmaceuticals in the Costa Rican society, a thorough literature review on patients' compliance with medical recommendations (including studies conducted in developed and developing countries, factors affecting adherence, issues involved in measuring compliance, treatment compliance models, and strategies to improve patients' recollection and compliance with medical recommendations), results of a compliance survey conducted in Costa Rica, and a presentation of a compliance model for developing societies.^ The Costa Rican survey includes observations on 505 medical encounters involving 13 general practitioners and 1 pediatrician in 1 urban and 2 rural clinics. Home visits yielded information on patients' adherence to medical recommendations on 404 patients and 988 medicines. The level of patients' adherence in Costa Rica is similar to what has been documented in developed societies but the strategies to improve adherence are different. Costa Ricans are prone to follow the behaviors advertised through the media or recommended by persons they consider knowlegeable in health matters and with whom they can have a personal relationship. Programs to improve adherence to medical regimens should include mass media campaigns, a re-organization of the way drugs are being dispensed, and educating health professionals to communicate and establish meaningful relationships with their patients. ^

La moda neoliberal : El retorno de los talleres clandestinos de costura

En este artículo se analiza el resurgimiento de talleres de costura clandestinos en grandes ciudades del centro y la periferia mundial, para entender los cambios dados en la industria de la moda durante las últimas cuatro décadas y sus consecuencias sobre los trabajadores. Para ello se realizaron dos estudios de caso: uno en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y otro en la provincia de Prato (Italia). Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que este sector fue pionero en los procesos de reorganización industrial en la época neoliberal. En ambos estudios de caso, el cierre de fábricas y la utilización masiva de subcontratación a talleres urbanos informales tuvieron como consecuencias una significativa concentración de capital por un lado, y un marcado deterioro de las condiciones de trabajo por el otro. De hecho, la existencia de trata de personas y reducción a la servidumbre de miles de trabajadores inmigrantes es fundamental para el funcionamiento de esta industria