In vitro detection of hepatitis C virus in platelets from uninfected individuals exposed to the virus

IntroductionDespite hepatocytes being the target cells of hepatitis C virus (HCV), viral ribonucleic acid RNA has been detected in other cells, including platelets, which have been described as carriers of the virus in the circulation of infected patients. Platelets do not express cluster differentiation 81 CD81, the main receptor for the virus in hepatocytes, although this receptor protein has been found in megakaryocytes. Still, it is not clear if HCV interacts with platelets directly or if this interaction is a consequence of its association with megakaryocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction of HCV with platelets from non-infected individuals, after in vitro exposure to the virus.MethodsPlatelets obtained from 50 blood donors not infected by HCV were incubated in vitro at 37°C for 48h with serum containing 100,000IU∕mL of genotype 1 HCV. After incubation, RNA extracted from the platelets was assayed for the presence of HCV by reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR.ResultsAfter incubation in the presence of virus, all samples of platelets showed HCV RNA.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that, in vitro, the virus interacts with platelets despite the absence of the receptor CD81, suggesting that other molecules could be involved in this association.

Abstract computation in schizophrenia detection through artificial neural network based systems

Schizophrenia stands for a long-lasting state of mental uncertainty that may bring to an end the relation among behavior, thought, and emotion; that is, it may lead to unreliable perception, not suitable actions and feelings, and a sense of mental fragmentation. Indeed, its diagnosis is done over a large period of time; continuos signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 (six) months. Once detected, the psychiatrist diagnosis is made through the clinical interview and a series of psychic tests, addressed mainly to avoid the diagnosis of other mental states or diseases. Undeniably, the main problem with identifying schizophrenia is the difficulty to distinguish its symptoms from those associated to different untidiness or roles. Therefore, this work will focus on the development of a diagnostic support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures, based on a blended of Logic Programming and Artificial Neural Networks approaches to computing, taking advantage of a novel approach to knowledge representation and reasoning, which aims to solve the problems associated in the handling (i.e., to stand for and reason) of defective information.

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. including all species and subspecies known to occur in North America, Mexico, Central America, South America, the West Indies, and islands of the Caribbean Sea, the Galapagos Archipelago, and other islands which may properly be included on account of their faunal affinities /

v.13:pt.2:no.1(1918)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles B. Cory.

v.13:pt.2:no.2(1919)

Anasazi painted pottery in Field Museum of Natural History / by Paul S. Martin -- and Elizabeth S. Willis.

v.5(1940)

Time- and frequency-domain modeling of passive interconncection structured in field and circuit analysis

PEEC, computational electromagnetics

Japan, as represented in Field Museum of Natural History / by Helen C. Gunsaulus, Assistant Curator of Japanese Ethnology.

Fieldiana, Popular Series, Anthropology, no. 3, 11

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles E. Hellmayr.

v.13:pt.10(1937)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History.

v.13:pt.1:no.2(1948)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles E. Hellmayr.

v.13:pt.6(1929)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles B. Cory, revised and continued by Charles E. Hellmayr.

v.13:pt.3(1924)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles E. Hellmayr and Boardman Conover.

v.13:pt.1:no.4(1949)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles E. Hellmayr.

v.13:pt.11(1938)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History.

v.13:pt.1:no.3(1948)

Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. by Charles E. Hellmayr.

v.13:pt.7(1934)