Variação, parâmetros genéticos e seleção entre e dentro de procedências e progênies de Handroanthus vellosoi (Toledo) Mattos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Técnicas de Bioengenharia Aplicadas ás Áreas de Preservação Permanente Urbanas – Presidente Prudente, São Paulo

There is a demand to incorporate the nature in the city in order to meet the wishes of the entire population. The valuation of water, a key component of the quality of the landscape, becomes a key element in this context both for its ecological potential because of their potential for recreational activities. The areas that suffer most impacts are the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and this paper will be a weighting on the urban interface - PPA. With the study area the basin of the stream of Limoeiro, in the context of the Friendship Fountain Balneary, especially the source contained between residential neighborhoods Maré Mansa and Parque Imperial, the city of Presidente Prudente and Álvares Machado, Sao Paulo, this paper aims to search and use of knowledge about technologies and techniques of environmental restoration, with emphasis on bioengineering, through an environmental characterization of the basin, with a view the incorporation of nature in the lives of the urban population. The methodology includes: literature review priority issues related to the PPAs, linear parks, relevant environmental legislation, environmental characterization of the watershed of the stream Limoeiro; study of technologies and techniques for environmental remediation of soil bioengineering and implementation of parks linear, development of proposals for the environmental recovery of PPA in the basin of the stream Limoeiro, focusing on emerging... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Project Management : Gestión de la remedición mediambiental de las plantas de gas manufacturado

Para hacerse cargo del legado de las Plantas de Gas Manufacturado (MGP) en el Estado de Nueva York, la División de Remediación Medioambiental del Departamento de Conservación Medioambiental, creo las Investigaciones de las áreas afectadas y el Programa de Remediación Medioambiental. Con el paso de los años, la conciencia y entendimiento de la importancia y complejidad de estos proyectos fue creciendo, ya que las investigaciones realizadas daban fe del tamaño y extensión de la contaminación asociada a las plantas de gas manufacturado, propiedad ahora de las diversas compañías de gas que operan a lo largo y ancho del Estado de Nueva York. Tras varios años dentro del Programa de Remediación Medioambiental, muchas de estas compañías han intentado manejar estos vastos y complejos proyectos como han podido, dejándose llevar un poco, subestimando y pasando por alto muchos detalles, ya que al fin y al cabo son proyecto regulados por el estado y que, por tanto, son financiados enteramente por este. Esto ha ido causando en los últimos años grandes problemas a algunas Compañías que a la hora de reportar estos proyectos se han encontrado con una falta total de control y grandes lagunas que resolver. Una técnica para resolver estos problemas es hacer uso de grandes técnicas de gestión empresarial como es el Project Management. En este proyecto se exponen y desarrollan las técnicas que han de utilizarse para integrar la Gestión de Proyectos con el fin de poder gestionar y coordinar las competentes demandas de alcance, tiempo, costes, calidad, recursos, y riesgos con el fin de alcanzar los requerimientos y objetivos del proyecto y de la Compañía. ABSTRACT To address the Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) legacy in New York State, the Department of Environmental Conservation’s Division of Environmental Remediation has established the MGP Site Investigation and Remediation Programs. With the passage of time the Department’s understanding of the complexity of these sites grew, as investigations identified the extend of the contamination problem associated with many MGPs, property of the Operating Companies in the State. Through many years under the Remediation Programs, some Operating Companies have tried to manage these large and complex projects as they could, underestimating and overlooking them, as they were, in fact, regulated and financed by the Department. This has cause a lot of controlling issues and gaps to solve to the companies. Now the companies are trying to solve this kind of problems using the more innovative management techniques, as Project Management. This project expose and explains how to integrate the project management processes into the MGP Projects under the Remediation Program, to manage and balance the competing demands of scope, time ,cost, quality, resources, and risk to meet the project and company’s requirements and objectives.

Synthesis of novel and stable g-C3N4/N-doped SrTiO3 hybrid nanocomposites with improved photocurrent and photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation

Hybrid nanocomposites based on N-doped SrTiO3 nanoparticles wrapped in g-C3N4 nanosheets were successfully prepared by a facile and reproducible polymeric citrate and thermal exfoliation method. The results clearly indicated that the N-doped SrTiO3 nanoparticles are successfully wrapped in layers of the g-C3N4 nanosheets. The g-C3N4/N-doped SrTiO3 nanocomposites showed absorption edges at longer wavelengths compared with the pure g-C3N4 as well as N-doped SrTiO3. The hybrid nanocomposites exhibit an improved photocurrent response and photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Interestingly, the hybrid nanocomposite possesses high photostability and reusability. Based on experimental results, the possible mechanism for prolonged lifetime of the photoinduced charge carrier was also discussed. The high performance of the g-C3N4/N-doped SrTiO3 photocatalysts is due to the synergic effect at the interface of g-C3N4 and N-doped SrTiO3 hetero/nanojunction including the high separation efficiency of the charge carrier, band energy matching and the suppressed recombination rate. Therefore, the hybrid photocatalyst could be of potential interest for water splitting and environmental remediation under natural sunlight.

Surface plasmon resonance-induced photocatalysis by Au nanoparticles decorated mesoporous g-C3N4 nanosheets under direct sunlight irradiation

In recent years, surface plasmon-induced photocatalytic materials with tunable mesoporous framework have attracted considerable attention in energy conversion and environmental remediation. Herein we report a novel Au nanoparticles decorated mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (Au/mp-g-C3N4) nanosheets via a template-free and green in situ photo-reduction method. The synthesized Au/mp-g-C3N4 nanosheets exhibit a strong absorption edge in visible and near-IR region owing to the surface plasmon resonance effect of Au nanoparticles. More attractively, Au/mp-g-C3N4 exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity than that of pure mesoporous and bulk g-C3N4 for the degradation of rhodamine B under sunlight irradiation. Furthermore, the photocurrent and photoluminescence studies demonstrated that the deposition of Au nanoparticles on the surface of mesoporous g-C3N4 could effectively inhibit the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers leading to the enhanced photocatalytic activity. More importantly, the synthesized Au/mp-g-C3N4 nanosheets possess high reusability. Hence, Au/mp-g-C3N4 could be promising photoactive material for energy and environmental applications.

Catalytic applications of waste derived materials

Sustainability has become a watchword and guiding principle for modern society, and with it a growing appreciation that anthropogenic 'waste', in all its manifold forms, can offer a valuable source of energy, construction materials, chemicals and high value functional products. In the context of chemical transformations, waste materials not only provide alternative renewable feedstocks, but also a resource from which to create catalysts. Such waste-derived heterogeneous catalysts serve to improve the overall energy and atom-efficiency of existing and novel chemical processes. This review outlines key chemical transformations for which waste-derived heterogeneous catalysts have been developed, spanning biomass conversion to environmental remediation, and their benefits and disadvantages relative to conventional catalytic technologies.

Synthesis of highly efficient and recyclable visible-light responsive mesoporous g-C3N4 photocatalyst via facile template-free sonochemical route

Herein we demonstrate a facile template-free sonochemical strategy to synthesize mesoporous g-C3N4 with a high surface area and enhanced photocatalytic activity. The TEM and nitrogen adsorption–desorption studies confirm mesoporous structure in g-C3N4 body. The photocatalytic activity of mesoporous g-C3N4 is almost 5.5 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 under visible-light irradiation. The high photocatalytic performance of the mesoporous g-C3N4 was attributed to the much higher specific surface area, efficient adsorption ability and the unique interfacial mesoporous structure which can favour the absorption of light and separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs more effectively. A possible photocatalytic mechanism was discussed by the radicals and holes trapping experiments. Interestingly, the synthesized mesoporous g-C3N4 possesses high reusability. Hence the mesoporous g-C3N4 can be a promising photocatalytic material for practical applications in water splitting as well as environmental remediation.

Fe-doped and -mediated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic performance under natural sunlight

Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of highly efficient Fe-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets via a facile and cost effective method. The synthesized Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets were well characterized by various analytical techniques. The results revealed that the Fe exists mainly in the +3 oxidation state in the Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets. Fe doping of g-C3N4 nanosheets has a great influence on the electronic and optical properties. The diffuse reflectance spectra of Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets exhibit red shift and increased absorption in the visible light range, which is highly beneficial for absorbing the visible light in the solar spectrum. More significantly, the Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets exhibit greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine B under sunlight irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of 2 mol% Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets is almost 7 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 and 4.5 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4 nanosheets. A proposed mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets was investigated by trapping experiments. The synthesized photocatalysts are highly stable even after five successive experimental runs. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets is due to high visible light response, large surface area, high charge separation and charge transfer. Therefore, the Fe-doped g-C3N4 photocatalyst is a promising candidate for energy conversion and environmental remediation.

The nitrate to ammonia and ceramic (NAC) process for the denitration and immobilization of low-level radioactive liquid waste (LLW)

Hazardous radioactive liquid waste is the legacy of more than 50 years of plutonium production associated with the United States' nuclear weapons program. It is estimated that more than 245,000 tons of nitrate wastes are stored at facilities such as the single-shell tanks (SST) at the Hanford Site in the state of Washington, and the Melton Valley storage tanks at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Tennessee. In order to develop an innovative, new technology for the destruction and immobilization of nitrate-based radioactive liquid waste, the United State Department of Energy (DOE) initiated the research project which resulted in the technology known as the Nitrate to Ammonia and Ceramic (NAC) process. However, inasmuch as the nitrate anion is highly mobile and difficult to immobilize, especially in relatively porous cement-based grout which has been used to date as a method for the immobilization of liquid waste, it presents a major obstacle to environmental clean-up initiatives. Thus, in an effort to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and enhance the efficacy of the NAC process, this research involved the experimental measurement of the rheological and heat transfer behaviors of the NAC product slurry and the determination of the optimal operating parameters for the continuous NAC chemical reaction process. Test results indicate that the NAC product slurry exhibits a typical non-Newtonian flow behavior. Correlation equations for the slurry's rheological properties and heat transfer rate in a pipe flow have been developed; these should prove valuable in the design of a full-scale NAC processing plant. The 20-percent slurry exhibited a typical dilatant (shear thickening) behavior and was in the turbulent flow regime due to its lower viscosity. The 40-percent slurry exhibited a typical pseudoplastic (shear thinning) behavior and remained in the laminar flow regime throughout its experimental range. The reactions were found to be more efficient in the lower temperature range investigated. With respect to leachability, the experimental final NAC ceramic waste form is comparable to the final product of vitrification, the technology chosen by DOE to treat these wastes. As the NAC process has the potential of reducing the volume of nitrate-based radioactive liquid waste by as much as 70 percent, it not only promises to enhance environmental remediation efforts but also effect substantial cost savings. ^

Characterisation of algicidal bacterial exometabolites against the lipid-accumulating diatom Skeletonema sp.

Microalgae are of increasing interest due to their occurrence in the environment as harmful algal blooms and as a source of biomass for the production of fine and bulk chemicals. A method for the low cost disruption of algal biomass for environmental remediation or bioprocessing is desirable. Naturally-occurring algal lytic agents from bacteria could provide a cost-effective and environmentally desirable solution. A screen for algal lytic agents against a range of marine microalgae has identified two strains of algicidal bacteria isolated from the coastal region of the Western English Channel. Both strains (designated EC-1 and EC-2) showed significant algicidal activity against Skeletonema sp. and were identified as members of Alteromonas sp. and Maribacter sp. respectively. Characterisation of the two bioactivities revealed that they are small extracellular metabolites displaying thermal and acid stability. Purification of the EC-1 activity to homogeneity and initial structural analysis has identified it as a putative peptide with a mass of 1266. amu.

Characterisation of algicidal bacterial exometabolites against the lipid-accumulating diatom Skeletonema sp.

Microalgae are of increasing interest due to their occurrence in the environment as harmful algal blooms and as a source of biomass for the production of fine and bulk chemicals. A method for the low cost disruption of algal biomass for environmental remediation or bioprocessing is desirable. Naturally-occurring algal lytic agents from bacteria could provide a cost-effective and environmentally desirable solution. A screen for algal lytic agents against a range of marine microalgae has identified two strains of algicidal bacteria isolated from the coastal region of the Western English Channel. Both strains (designated EC-1 and EC-2) showed significant algicidal activity against Skeletonema sp. and were identified as members of Alteromonas sp. and Maribacter sp. respectively. Characterisation of the two bioactivities revealed that they are small extracellular metabolites displaying thermal and acid stability. Purification of the EC-1 activity to homogeneity and initial structural analysis has identified it as a putative peptide with a mass of 1266. amu.

Geophysics: Principles, applications and emerging technologies

This book presents research in the field of Geophysics, particularly referring to principles, applications and emerging technologies. Table of Contents: Preface pp. i-xxi Environmental Geophysics: Techniques, advantages and limitations (Pantelis Soupios and Eleni Kokinou, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Dynamics of the Ocean Floor, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Geomar)pp i-xxi Application of Innovative Geophysical Techniques in Coastal Areas (V. Di Fiore, M. Punzo, D. Tarallo, and G. Cavuoto, Institute for Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council, Naples)pp. i-xxi Marine Geophysics of the Naples Bay (Southern Tyrrhenian sea, Italy): Principles, Applications and Emerging Technologies (Gemma Aiello and Ennio Marsella, Institute for Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council, Naples)pp. i-xxi Oceanic Oscillation Phenomena: Relation to Synchronization and Stochastic Resonance (Shinya Shimokawa and Tomonori Matsuura, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Univ. of Toyama)pp. i-xxi Assessment of ocean variability in the Sicily Channel from a numerical three-dimensional model using EOFs decomposition (R. Sorgente, A. Olita, A.F. Drago, A. Ribotti, L. Fazioli, and C. Tedesco, Institute for Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council, Oristano)pp. i-xxi Monitoring Test of Crack Opening in Volcanic Tuff (Coroglio Cliff. Italy) Using Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor (A. Minardo, A. Coscetta, M. Caccavale, G. Esposito, F. Matano, M. Sacchi, R. Somma, G. Zeni, and L. Zeni, Department of Industrial and Information Eng., Second University of Naples Aversa, Institute for Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council Naples, National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology, Osservatorio Vesuviano Naples, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council Naples)pp. i-xxi

Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de nanoadsorventes magnéticos visando à remoção de Cr(VI) de águas residuais

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Mestrado em Ciências de Materias, 2016.