Exploration du lien entre la qualité de la mentalisation et l'efficacité du rappel autobiographique

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

L'efficacité du régime de responsabilité civile comme mesure de contrainte au respect de l'obligation de sécurité des renseignements personnels.

Dans un contexte où les renseignements personnels sont aujourd’hui une « devise » commerciale importante, il importe de s’attarder à la responsabilité de leur protection. Les lois encadrant la protection des renseignements personnels imposent notamment aux entreprises du secteur privé une obligation de sécurité. Par contre, elles ne prévoient pas de sanction monétaire en cas de violation. Il faut donc se tourner vers le droit de la responsabilité civile afin de contraindre les entreprises à adopter des mesures de sécurité. Or, le régime de responsabilité civile actuel est mal adapté aux obligations associées à la sécurité des renseignements personnels. Le flou normatif entourant le contenu de l’obligation de sécurité et les difficultés d’exercice du recours rendent peu efficace le régime de responsabilité civile compensatoire. Dans un souci d’améliorer son efficacité, deux propositions méritent d’être considérées, soit : la revalorisation des dommages-intérêts punitifs et l’encadrement statutaire d’une obligation de notification des atteintes à la sécurité des renseignements personnels. Ces deux propositions sanctionnent les violations à l’obligation de sécurité là où le régime de responsabilité civile compensatoire semble échouer. Par contre, elles ne sont elles-mêmes efficaces que si leur exercice respecte les fonctions qui leur sont sous-jacentes. Au final, la responsabilité de la sécurité des renseignements personnels ne repose pas seulement sur un régime responsabilité, mais sur une culture de responsabilité.

L'efficacité du cadre légal particulier de la négociation collective visant les pompiers municipaux québécois : le cas des pompiers de Montréal

L’encadrement légal particulier de la négociation collective impliquant les pompiers municipaux québécois, malgré sa soumission à certaines règles prévues par le régime général du Code du travail, présente des spécificités qui pourraient en affecter l’efficacité et ainsi contribuer à l’instauration de relations de travail difficiles. Ce mémoire s’attarde aux difficultés associées à ce régime de négociation collective interdisant le recours à la grève et prévoyant son remplacement par un système d’arbitrage obligatoire. L’étude des relations de travail impliquant les pompiers de Montréal ne permet pas, à elle seule, de qualifier ce régime particulier de négociation collective d’alternative inefficace au régime général. Toutefois, ce mémoire met en évidence les limites d’un cadre légal, alors que des facteurs externes au droit, tels que le caractère public de l’employeur et la nature particulière du métier, semblent jouer un rôle déterminant dans la dynamique conflictuelle des relations de travail impliquant des pompiers municipaux.

Algunas resoluciones relacionadas con el examen y la eficiencia del funcionamiento administrativo y financiero de las Naciones Unidas = Selected resolutions concerning the review of the efficiency of the administrative and financial functioning of the United Nations = Résolutions portant sur l'examen de l'efficacité du fonctionnement administratif et financier de l'organisation des Nations Unies

Contiene las resoluciones 40/237 y 41/213 de la Asamblea General y la resolución 1987/112 del Consejo Económico y Social, sobre el funcionamiento administrativo y financiero de las Naciones Unidas.

Patients with mild traumatic brain injury: immediate and long-term outcome compared to intra-cranial injuries on CT scan

BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) defined as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 14 or 15 has shown contradictory short- and long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to correlate intra-cranial injuries (ICI) on CT scan to neurocognitive tests at admission and to complaints after 1 year. METHODS: Two hundred and five patients with MTBI underwent a CT scan and were examined with neurocognitive tests. After 1 year complaints were assessed by phone interviews. RESULTS: The neurocognitive tests in 51% of the patients showed significant deficits; there was no difference for patients with GCS 14-15, nor was there a difference between patients with ICI to patients without. After 1 year patients with ICI had significantly more complaints than patients without ICI, the most frequent complaint was headache and memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS: No correlation was found between GCS or ICI and the neurocognitive tests upon admission. After 1 year, patients with ICI have significantly more complaints than patients without ICI. No cost savings resulted by doing immediate CT scan on all.

Scepticism is warranted or when the CT scan reveals to be a pitfall

We report the case of a 72-year old woman with known metastatic breast cancer who presented to the emergency department with progressive dyspnea on exertion and chest pain. The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism could be established by pulmonary scintigraphy after computed tomography and ultrasound of the lower extremities had been negative in spite of a moderate clinical pretest probability (Wells score). This case shows that even if we manage suspected pulmonary embolism using algorithms combining clinical probability, computed tomography and ultrasound we must remain aware of eventually missing the diagnosis and carry on investigating cases with elevated clinical probability.

CT scan based determination of optimal bone corridor for atlantoaxial ventral screw fixation in miniature breed dogs

OBJECTIVE: To describe the most reliable insertion angle, corridor length and width to place a ventral transarticular atlantoaxial screw in miniature breed dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective CT imaging study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cervical CT scans of toy breed dogs (n = 21). METHODS: Dogs were divided into 2 groups--group 1: no atlantoaxial abnormalities; group 2: atlantoaxial instability. Insertion angle in medial to lateral and ventral to dorsal direction was measured in group 1. Corridor length and width were measured in groups 1 and 2. Corridor width was measured at 3 points of the corridor. Each variable was measured 3 times and the mean used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD optimal transarticular atlantoaxial insertion angle was determined to be 40 +/- 1 degrees in medial to lateral direction from the midline and 20 +/- 1 degrees in ventral to dorsal direction from the floor of the neural canal of C2. Mean corridor length was 7 mm (range, 4.5-8.0 mm). Significant correlation was found between corridor length, body weight, and age. Mean bone corridor width ranged from 3 to 5 mm. Statistically significant differences were found between individuals, gender and measured side. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal placement of a transarticular screw for atlantoaxial joint stabilization is very demanding because the screw path corridor is very narrow.

Post-therapeutic response evaluation by a combination of endoscopy and CT scan in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma after chemotherapy: better than its reputation.

BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an accepted standard of care for locally advanced esophagogastric cancer. As only a subgroup benefits, a response-based tailored treatment would be of interest. The aim of our study was the evaluation of the prognostic and predictive value of clinical response in esophagogastric adenocarcinomas. METHODS Clinical response based on a combination of endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan was evaluated retrospectively within a prospective database in center A and then transferred to center B. A total of 686/740 (A) and 184/210 (B) patients, staged cT3/4, cN0/1 underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were then re-staged by endoscopy and CT before undergoing tumor resection. Of 184 patients, 118 (B) additionally had an interim response assessment 4-6 weeks after the start of chemotherapy. RESULTS In A, 479 patients (70 %) were defined as clinical nonresponders, 207 (30 %) as responders. Median survival was 38 months (nonresponders: 27 months, responders: 108 months, log-rank, p < 0.001). Clinical and histopathological response correlated significantly (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, clinical response was an independent prognostic factor (HR for death 1.4, 95 %CI 1.0-1.8, p = 0.032). In B, 140 patients (76 %) were nonresponders and 44 (24 %) responded. Median survival was 33 months, (nonresponders: 27 months, responders: not reached, p = 0.003). Interim clinical response evaluation (118 patients) also had prognostic impact (p = 0.008). Interim, preoperative clinical response and histopathological response correlated strongly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Preoperative clinical response was an independent prognostic factor in center A, while in center B its prognostic value could only be confirmed in univariate analysis. The accordance with histopathological response was good in both centers, and interim clinical response evaluation showed comparable results to preoperative evaluation.

Vue de'l Hermitage du côté du jardin

Signatur des Originals: S 36/G02681

Vue de Surate du côté de la Riviere [Material gráfico]

Inscripción en parte inf. "T. IX Nº VI"

Vue prise du côté de Valence [Material gráfico]

La huella de la plancha ha sido cortada