The Ledgewood-Bonair Landslide toe and where did it go? A case study in littoral sediment budgets from a deep-seated landslide in Island County, Washington

On the morning of March 27th, 2013, a small portion of a much larger landslide complex failed on the western shoreline of central Whidbey Island, Island County, Washington. This landslide, known as the Ledgewood-Bonair Landslide (LB Landslide), mobilized as much as 150,000 cubic meters of unconsolidated glacial sediment onto the coastline of the Puget Sound (Slaughter et al., 2013, Geotechnical Engineering Services, 2013). This study aims to determine how sediment from the Ledgewood-Bonair Landslide has acted on the adjacent beaches 400 meters to the north and south, and specifically to evaluate the volume of sediment contributed by the slide to adjacent beaches, how persistent bluff-derived accretion has been on adjacent beaches, and how intertidal grain sizes changed as a result of the bluff-derived sediment, LiDAR imagery from 2013 and 2014 were differenced and compared to beach profile data and grain size photography. Volume change results indicate that of the 41,850 cubic meters of sediment eroded at the toe of the landslide, 8.9 percent was redeposited on adjacent beaches within 1 year of the landslide. Of this 8.9 percent, 6.3 percent ended up on the north beach and 2.6 percent ended up on the south beach. Because the landslide deposit was primarily sands, silts, and clays, it is reasonable to assume that the remaining 91.1 percent of the sediment eroded from the landslide toe was carried out into the waters of the Puget Sound. Over the course of the two-year study, measurable accretion is apparent up to 150 meters north and 100 meters south of the landslide complex. Profile data also suggests that the most significant elevation changes occurred within the first two and half months since the landslides occurrence. The dominant surficial grain size of the beach soon after the landslide was coarse-sand; in the years following the landslide, 150 meters north of the toe the beach sediment became finer while 100 meters south of the toe the beach sediment became coarser. Overall, the LB Landslide has affected beach profile and grain size only locally, within 150 meters of the landslide toe.

Study and investigation of the various reactions of Mazandaran Province shoreline against wind waves

Determining of beach states and study of manner sediment transmission in beach profile, involves the evaluating the actions of hydrodynamic forces dominated over the beaches, in this research through determining the beach states by the help of Hanson and short method, different reactions of Mazandaran’s shoreline against wind waves was studied and investigated. For this reason, First, the kind of hydrodynamic forces dominated over the beaches of this province was studied and beaches of the this province was distinguished as wave–dominated beaches, afterwards eight stations are chosen throughout the shoreline and the waves qualities and the sediments regarding to different depth was evaluated in these stations by using software and laboratory actions. In this way the parameter of dimensionless fall velocity each station was calculated and the beach states and their changes according to time was studied. Finally, the gained information is located in the software area of Arc GIS, and the waves dynamics and the way of erosion and accretion was evaluated in each station. In this research by study of air photographs during a thirty years period we found that was no remarkable changes at shoreline in western and central parts and each type of change depends upon the delta, while eastern part of coast at the location of breakwaters in neighbouring of Farahabad Station, accretion features is quiet evident. In the main results of this research, it became obvious that the beach state in the stations Neca, Farahabad, Larim, Naftchal, Mazandaran university, Babolsar, Noor is dissipative and the beach in Nashtarood station is in intermediate (ridge and runnel) state to the extend that in the dissipation beaches from east to west, the degree of dissipation of the beaches is decreased continuously.

High Speed Rail Passenger Profile in Sun and Beach Tourism Destinations: The Case of Alicante (Spain)

This paper aims to study and highlight the profile of the high speed rail (HSR) passenger in the case of the well-known sun and beach destination of Alicante, located in the Southeast of Spain. This region, which is directly connected with Madrid, differs from others because of its warm and sunny weather. The province is a tourist destination for both Spanish citizens and foreigners. However, the studies on the dynamics of the corridor towards Madrid and Alicante regarding HSR are quite recent and it is not possible to draw final conclusions about its impact on tourist mobility.

31 ground-penetrating radar lines of Area 3 - Beach ridge plain (high wave energy) from Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula

During a field campaign in the Austral spring 2012 the sedimentary architecture of a polar gravel-beach system at the southern coast of Potter Peninsula (Area 3) was revealed using ground-penetrating radar (GPR, Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. SIR-3000). 31 profiles were collected using a mono-static 200 MHz antenna operated in common offset mode. Trace increment was set to 0.05 m. A differential global-positioning system (dGPS, Leica GS09) was used to obtain topographical information along the GPR lines. GPR data are provided in RADAN-Format, dGPS coordinates are provided in ascii format; projection is UTM (WGS 84, zone 21S).

21 ground-penetrating radar lines of Area 1 - Beach ridge plain (low wave energy) from Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula

During two field campaigns (Austral springs 2011 and 2012) the sedimentary architecture of a polar gravel-beach system at the western coast of Potter Peninsula (Area 1) was revealed using ground-penetrating radar (GPR, Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. SIR-3000). 21 profiles were collected using a mono-static 200 MHz antenna operated in common offset mode. Trace increment was set to 0.05 m. A differential global-positioning system (dGPS, Leica GS09) was used to obtain topographical information along the GPR lines. GPR data are provided in RADAN-Format, dGPS coordinates are provided in ascii format; projection is UTM (WGS 84, zone 21S).

49 ground-penetrating radar lines of Area 2 - Gravel cuspate spit with gravel beach ridges from Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula

During two field campaigns (Austral springs 2011 and 2012) the sedimentary architecture of a polar gravel-beach system at the southwestern coast of Potter Peninsula (Area 2) was revealed using ground-penetrating radar (GPR, Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. SIR-3000). 49 profiles were collected using a mono-static 200 MHz antenna operated in common offset mode. Trace increment was set to 0.05 m. A differential global-positioning system (dGPS, Leica GS09) was used to obtain topographical information along the GPR lines. GPR data are provided in RADAN-Format, dGPS coordinates are provided in ascii format; projection is UTM (WGS 84, zone 21S).