Banished to the Barn - John Doherty and 'Bonnie Kate'

John Doherty (1900-1980) was one of the most influential Irish musicians of the twentieth century. His music has had a lasting impact on Irish traditional music making around the globe. This paper traces the development of his setting of the canonical reel 'Bonnie Kate'. Using transcription historical investigation Doherty's style is examined in comparison to his contemporaries.

A box in the field: modernity and the barn in twentieth-century Ireland

This paper argues that the modern barn in Ireland is a complex social and architectural phenomena that is without, or has yet to find, a satisfactory discourse. Emerging in the middle third of the twentieth century, the modern barn – replete with corrugated iron and I-sections – continues to represent a presence in the Irish landscape whose ubiquity is as emphatic as its flexibility. It is, however, its universal properties that begin to suggest connections with wider narratives. The modernising aspects of the barn that appear in the 1920s and 30s begin to conflate with a rhetoric of architectural modernism which was simultaneously appearing across Europe. But while the relationship between high modernism’s critique of what it divined as the inspirational qualities of utilitarian buildings – Walter Gropius on grain silos, Le Corbusier on aircraft hangers etc. – has been well-documented, in Ireland this relationship perhaps contains another layer of complexity.
The barn’s consolidation as a modern type coincided with the search for a nation’s cultural identity after centuries of colonial rule. This tended to be an introspective vision that prioritised rural space over urban space, agriculture over industry, and imagined the small farm as a central tenet in the construction of a new State. This paper suggests that the twentieth-century barn – as a product of the mechanisation of agriculture promoted by the new administrations – is an iconic structure, emblematic of attempts to reconcile the contradictory forces and imagery of modernity with the mores of a traditional society. Moreover, given a cultural purview that was often ambivalent or even hostile to the ideologies and forms of modernity, the barn in Ireland is, perhaps, not so much the inspiration but the realisation of an architectural modernism in that country at its most pervasive, enduring and unself-conscious.

Occupational exposure to particulate matter and respiratory symptoms in Portuguese swine barn workers

Certain environmental conditions in animal and plant production have been associated with increased frequency in respiratory illnesses, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, in farmers occupationally exposed in swine production. The aim of this study was to characterize particulate matter (PM) contamination in seven Portuguese swine farms and determine the existence of clinical symptoms associated with asthma and other allergy diseases, utilizing the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire. Environmental assessments were performed with portable direct-reading equipment, and PM contamination including five different sizes (PM0.5, PM1.0, PM2.5, PM5.0, PM10) was determined. The distribution of particle size showed the same trend in all swine farms, with high concentrations of particles with PM5 and PM10. Results from the questionnaire indicated a trend such that subjects with diagnosis of asthma were exposed to higher concentrations of PM with larger size (PM2.5, PM5, and PM10) while subjects with sneezing, runny nose, or stuffy nose without a cold or flu were exposed to higher concentrations of PM with smaller size (PM0.5 and PM1). Data indicate that inhalation of PM in swine farm workers is associated with increased frequency of respiratory illnesses.

Female plumage spottiness and parasite resistance in the barn owl (Tyto alba)

The hypothesis that extravagant ornaments signal parasite resistance has received support in several species for ornamented males but more rarely for ornamented females. However, recent theories have proposed that females should often be under sexual selection, and therefore females may signal the heritable capacity to resist parasites. We investigated this hypothesis in the socially monogamous barn owl, Tyto alba, in which females exhibit on average more and larger black spots on the plumage than males, and in which males were suggested to choose a mate with respect to female plumage spottiness. We hypothesized that the proportion of the plumage surface covered by black spots signals parasite resistance. In line with this hypothesis, we found that the ectoparasitic fly, Carnus hemapterus, was less abundant on young raised by more heavily spotted females and those flies were less fecund. In an experiment, where entire clutches were cross-fostered between nests, we found that the fecundity of the flies collected on nestlings was negatively correlated with the genetic mother's plumage spottiness. These results suggest that the ability to resist parasites covaries with the extent of female plumage spottiness. Among females collected dead along roads, those with a lot of black spots had a small bursa of Fabricius. Given that parasites bigger the development of this immune organ, this observation further suggests that more spotted females are usually less parasitized. The same analyses performed on male plumage spottiness all provided non-significant results. To our knowledge, this study is the first one showing that a heritable secondary sexual characteristics displayed by females reflects parasite resistance.

Sex- and melanism-specific variations in the oxidative status of adult tawny owls in response to manipulated reproductive effort.

Oxidative stress, determined by the balance between the production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defences, is hypothesized to play an important role in shaping the cost of reproduction and life history trade-offs. To test this hypothesis, we manipulated reproductive effort in 94 breeding pairs of tawny owls (Strix aluco) to investigate the sex- and melanism-specific effects on markers of oxidative stress in red blood cells (RBCs). This colour polymorphic bird species shows sex-specific division of labour and melanism-specific history strategies. Brood sizes at hatching were experimentally enlarged or reduced to increase or decrease reproductive effort, respectively. We obtained an integrative measure of the oxidative balance by measuring ROS production by RBCs, intracellular antioxidant glutathione levels and membrane resistance to ROS. We found that light melanic males (the sex undertaking offspring food provisioning) produced more ROS than darker conspecifics, but only when rearing an enlarged brood. In both sexes, light melanic individuals had also a larger pool of intracellular antioxidant glutathione than darker owls under relaxed reproductive conditions (i.e. reduced brood), but not when investing substantial effort in current reproduction (enlarged brood). Finally, resistance to oxidative stress was differently affected by the brood size manipulation experiment in males and females independently of their plumage coloration. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that reproductive effort can alter the oxidative balance in a sex- and colour-specific way. This further emphasizes the close link between melanin-based coloration and life history strategies.

Recueil de pièces, manuscrites et imprimées, mémoires, actes royaux, comptes, suppliques, etc., concernant le Béarn, la Navarre, le pays de Soule, le Dauphiné, la Bresse, la Bourgogne, la Lorraine, le Ponthieu, la Normandie et le Berry.

Contient : Pièces relatives au Béarn, et principalement à la réunion du Béarn à la Couronne de France (f. 1), — et au pays de Soule (f. 45). — Navarre, etc. : Supplique orig. des députés des Trois États de la Basse-Navarre (f. 77) ; Pièces diverses, comptes, etc., concernant le domaine de Navarre, notamment : « Estat des sommes que le Roy veult et entend estre doresnavant paiées aux gens de son Conseil d'Estat et privé de ses maison et finances de Navarre et ancien domaine...», 1607 ; « Advis de ce qui se peult faire pour la réduction des officiers de la maison de Navarre et Béarn... » ; Baux du domaine de Navarre ; Pièces relatives aux revenus ecclésiastiques du Béarn ; « Estat de la recepte et despence du domaine de la maison de Navarre, pour l'année 1619 » ; « Mémoire du nomé Du BOURG, touchant les forests de l'antien domaine de Navarre, au resort de Thoulouze » ; Copies d'actes de Henri IV ; Mémoire orig., signé Hurault « de Maisse », concernant une adjudication de l'ancien domaine de Navarre ; Pièces relatives à Bayonne (f. 218), — à Tartas (f. 222), — à Saint-Béat (f. 224), — à Blaye (f. 226). — Dauphiné : « Extrait d'un Registre aux archifs de la Chambre des Comptes et Cour des Finances du Dauphiné, institué [intitulé] Homagia Chalançonis , 1489 et 1490 » (f. 250) ; Pièces relatives à la Bresse (f. 260). — Bourgogne : « Du duché de Bourgogne, et de ceux qui l'ont tenue et possédée... » (f. 282). — Lorraine : « Mémoire au Roy..., des choses qui ce sont passées au gouvernement et ville de Toul » [contre le sieur de Vannes], orig. signé « Vuiry » (f. 294) ; « Remonstrances qu'il fault faire au Roy, pour conserver la ville de Toul en son obéissance... » ; Copie d'un acte de Charles-Quint, 1521 ; Pièces relatives à l'évêché de Metz (f. 316), — notamment, actes orig. de Georges de Bade, évêque de Metz, 1473 (f. 318 et 351) ; « Articles proposez au nom du Roy par Mr [Louis] d'Auzance à Mr le cardinal de Lorraine, pour le suject de la ville et ecclésiastiques de Metz, avec les responses dudict cardinal..., 1565 » ; « Mémoire pour la ville de Verdun, et comme elle est venue souz l'obéissance du Roy... » ; Pièce concernant Épinal, 1463 (f. 349). — Ponthieu : Extraits relatifs à l'abbaye de Sain t-Josse-aux-Bois (f. 352) ; Prisée du comté de Boulogne, 1477 (f. 356). — Normandie : Copie d'un arrêt du Parlement de Rouen, 1643 (f. 374). — Berry : Copie d'un acte de Charles VII pour Issoudun, 1423 (f. 440)

Les fors de Béarn, recueil de textes relatifs à la législation béarnaise, comprenant.

Contient : 1 « Los fors anciaas de Bearn » ; 2 « Lo for de Morlaas » ; 3 « Lo poblacion d'Oloron » ; 4 « Rubrica. Lo for d'Ossau » ; 5 « Rubrica. Lo fo d'Aspe » ; 6 « Los dretz qui lo vescomte ha en Aspe » ; 7 « Lo fors de Baretors » ; 8 « Las taxations de las cartas feytes sober los segramentz » ; 9 « Statutz de cort mayor feytz deu temps de mos. Mathiu, comte de Foixs ensa » ; 10 « De talhe de caperaas spitales et christiaas » ; 11 « Ordenance feyte en cort major en lo temps de moss. Archambaud et madone Ysabe, comtesse de Foixs » ; 12 « Forme de manar la cort mayor » ; 13 « Lo for que dejuus fo en judyament produsit sus l'apeu qui ere per dabant la cort deu senescal entre Jehanet de Maseres de La Enveye et per sa partie et contre Audine et Condoi de Lalane de Germeneus » ; 14 Charte de paix de clerc à laïc, 13 juillet 1368 [Note : Le texte imprimé porte : 12 juillet (page 268.)] ; 15 Rubrique des amendes, ayant pour titre : « Breves de leys degudes au Senhor sego[n] lo for » ; 16 « La carte deu pont de Nabarencxs » ; 17 « Las observances de Bearn sus thiensers, trubes et patz » ; 18 « Aquest article juus struit tracte suus hostes auterya et jura moss. Gaston, vescomte de Bearn, en son nabet advenement, lo XII jorn de julh M. IIIIC. XXXVI » ; a « Secse lo conde de las monedas et avaluades temps per temps et mees per mees et an per an, en los paguementz valhatz et recebutz, qui un cascun an dejuus struitz se fasen », 1401-1422 n. st ; b « Secse la valor de l'aur en lo autres temps dejuus struitz », 1402-1420 n. st ; c « Secse l'avaluement de l'aur a Tolose », 1416-1420 n. st ; d Mention que le livre a appartenu « magistro Johanni de Furteria, jurium vaccalareo », et commencement d'un acte de l'évêque de Dax, Bertrand de Borie, « de Boyria », adressé à Arnaud « de Dabanto », fils de Jean ; e Diverses notes et mentions

Mélanges sur le Béarn.

Contient : Testaments et contrats de mariage des comtes de Béarn ; Institutions de la Bigorre ; Traité entre Jean II, roi de Navarre, et Gaston IV, comte de Foix ; Mémoire concernant le succession du comté de Foix ; Extrait du Trésor des chartes de Pau ; Testament de François-Phoebus, comte de Foix ; Domaine de Béarn ; Traités et pièces concernant l'histoire de Béarn et de Bigorre, principalement aux XIVe et XVe siècles ; Absolution accordée par Charles VIII à Alain d'Albret ; Histoire de Navarre. — 519. Histoire de Bigorre ; Accord entre Louis de Sancerre, connétable de France, et Archembaud, captal de Buch

« Copie des lettres écrittes par HENRY IV, roy de France et de Navarre, et de sa propre main, à Corizandre d'Andoins, sa maîtresse, à laquelle Il rend compte de tous les combats ... depuis son départ de Béarn jusques à la conquête entière de la couronne de France. » (1587-1598).

Contient : « Discours de Henri IV, composé et prononcé par lui-même à Amiens, le 22 aoùt 1594, aux députés de Beauvais qui vinrent lui aporter... la soumission de leur ville »