Forgiven, not Forgotten: Communicative Translation Activities in Second Language Teaching

Although frequently discarded and despised in the 20th century, translation now seems to find wider acceptance within the Second Language Teaching (SLT) field. However, it still has a long way to go before recovering its due place in the L2 classroom. The aim of this paper is to suggest a number of translation (and interpreting)-based activities covering the different competence levels, thus showing that communicative content and translation can perfectly go hand in hand so that old, unjustified prejudices can be superseded once and for all.

Total quality management in English language teaching:a case study in Turkish higher education

The need to improve the management of language learning organizations in the light of the trend toward mass higher education and of the use of English as a world language was the starting point of this thesis. The thesis aims to assess the relevance, adequacy and the relative success of Total Quality Management (TQM) as a management philosophy. Taking this empirical evidence a TQM-oriented management project in a Turkish Higher Education context, the thesis observes the consequences of a change of organizational culture, with specific reference to teachers' attitudes towards management. Both qualitative and quantitative devices are employed to plot change and the value of these devices for identifying such is considered. The main focus of the thesis is the Soft S's (Shared Values, Style, Staff and Skills) of an organization rather than the Hard S's (System, Structure, Strategy). The thesis is not concerned with the teaching and learning processes, though the PDCA cycle (the Action Research Cycle) did play a part in the project for both teachers and the researcher involved in this study of organizational development. Both before the management project was launched, and at the end of the research period, the external measurement devices (Harrison's Culture Specification Device and Hofstede's VSM) were used to describe the culture of the Centre. During the management project, internal measurement devices were used to record the change including middle-management style change (the researcher in this case). The time period chosen for this study was between September 1991 and June 1994. During this period, each device was administered twice within a specific time period, ranging from a year to 32 months.

Doing action research in English language teaching:a guide for practitioners

This hands-on, practical guide for ESL/EFL teachers and teacher educators outlines, for those who are new to doing action research, what it is and how it works. Straightforward and reader friendly, it introduces the concepts and offers a step-by-step guide to going through an action research process, including illustrations drawn widely from international contexts. Specifically, the text addresses: •action research and how it differs from other forms of research •the steps involved in developing an action research project •ways of developing a research focus •methods of data collection •approaches to data analysis •making sense of action research for further classroom action. Each chapter includes a variety of pedagogical activities: •Pre-Reading questions ask readers to consider what they already know about the topic •Reflection Points invite readers to think about/discuss what they have read •action points ask readers to carry out action-research tasks based on what they have read •Classroom Voices illustrate aspects of action research from teachers internationally •Summary Points provide a synopsis of the main points in the chapter

Review of doctoral research in second-language teaching and learning in Australia (2003–2006)

This article reviews recent doctoral research in Australian universities in the area of language teaching and learning. Doctoral work in three main areas of research concentration is described: language teaching, language learning, and writing. The authors whose studies are reviewed are graduates of the Australian National University, Griffith University, Macquarie University, the University of Technology, Sydney, the University of Sydney, the University of New South Wales, the University of Melbourne, Monash University, La Trobe University, Deakin University and Murdoch University.

The application of communicative language teaching : a particular case in a polish primary school

L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és examinar si l’Ensenyament Comunicatiu de la Llengua és usat per les mestres quan duen a terme classes d’anglès com a llengua estrangera en una escola de primària polonesa, amb un context educatiu especial. Aquesta recerca qualitativa analitza cinc conjunts principals d’informació relacionats amb l’ensenyament de la llengua estrangera que caracteritzen l’enfocament de l’Ensenyament Comunicatiu de la Llengua i que estan centrats en: el coneixement i les creences dels mestres sobre l’enfocament de l’Ensenyament Comunicatiu de la Llengua; l’ús de la llengua; els aspectes de la llengua anglesa que s’ensenyen; les característiques de les activitats: i el procés d’ensenyament. Per aquest objectiu, s’ha proporcionat un qüestionari a cada mestra d’anglès i s’han portat a terme algunes observacions d’aula per tal de recollir dades, analitzar-les i extreure’n unes conclusions. Els resultats de la investigació mostren que les mestres d’anglès donen bastant suport a l’enfocament de l’Ensenyament Comunicatiu de la Llengua, així com apliquen força sovint els seus trets característics quan porten a terme les classes.

Teacher beliefs about listening in a foreign language

This study investigated, through a questionnaire, the stated beliefs and stated practices of 115 foreign language teachers in England regarding listening pedagogy: whether such beliefs and practices reflect the literature on listening, whether beliefs and stated practices converged, and what factors might underpin them. Responses indicated a mismatch between teachers’ stated belief in the importance of teaching learners how to listen more effectively, and the lack of evidence in their stated practice of such teaching, with a focus instead on task completion. Findings are discussed against the accountability agenda of the study’s context, and its implications for teacher development highlighted.

English collocations extracted from a corpus of university learners and its contribution to a language teaching pedagogy

Taking into consideration the relevance of foreign language teaching and the learning of collocations (ALTENBERG; EEG-OLOFSSON, 1990; FONTENELLE, 1994; MEUNIER; GRANGER, 2008), this paper aims at showing results of an investigation on whether the teaching of collocations should be implicit or explicit to the Brazilian university students. Furthermore, the research has the purpose of presenting some collocational aspects from a corpus of the written language learners made up of intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced university students' argumentative essays at a public university in Brazil. With the help of WordSmith Tools (SCOTT, 2007), it was possible to raise students' most frequent collocational choices and patterns, the most/least used type of collocations, the influence of the mother tongue on their choices, among other aspects. With the purpose of motivating and involving students in classroom research, it was also introduced The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), created by Mark Davies. By doing so, students could compare their collocational choices with the patterns found in the online corpus, extract more collocational patterns and, consequently, be aware of the potential of corpora for the foreign learning process, specifically for raising language awareness, with focus on prefabricated chunks.

Motivação e representação cultural no ensino e aprendizagem de inglês como língua estrangeira dos alunos da Licenciatura em Letras da UFPA

Nos últimos anos a questão cultural tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço nas pesquisas da área de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas. Uma vez que os materiais didáticos estão entre os principais suportes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras, as representações de cultura que estes materiais apresentam podem influenciar nas crenças e atitudes dos aprendentes em relação à língua alvo e, consequentemente, em sua motivação para aprendê-la. Compreende-se que cultura envolve uma gama de aspectos diferentes, entretanto, ao analisar o livro didático de inglês como língua estrangeira Touchstone, observamos que as amostras de cultura apresentadas nesse material referem-se basicamente a aspectos histórico-geográficos e informações turísticas. Observamos também que, em relação ao contato com a cultura da língua alvo, os aprendentes da disciplina Culturas Anglófonas podem ter atitudes variadas. Assim, esta pesquisa apresenta reflexões acerca da considerável limitação da representação cultural no livro analisado, tendo como foco principal a maneira como esta afeta a motivação do aprendente. Além disso, esta dissertação apresenta reflexões sobre como a cultura do outro pode ser abordada de maneira a enriquecer a percepção de sua própria cultura.

Towards criterion validity in classroom language analysis: methodological constraints of metadiscourse and inter-rater agreement

This paper reports on a process to validate a revised version of a system for coding classroom discourse in foreign language lessons, a context in which the dual role of language (as content and means of communication) and the speakers' specific pedagogical aims lead to a certain degree of ambiguity in language analysis. The language used by teachers and students has been extensively studied, and a framework of concepts concerning classroom discourse well-established. Models for coding classroom language need, however, to be revised when they are applied to specific research contexts. The application and revision of an initial framework can lead to the development of earlier models, and to the re-definition of previously established categories of analysis that have to be validated. The procedures followed to validate a coding system are related here as guidelines for conducting research under similar circumstances. The advantages of using instruments that incorporate two types of data, that is, quantitative measures and qualitative information from raters' metadiscourse, are discussed, and it is suggested that such procedure can contribute to the process of validation itself, towards attaining reliability of research results, as well as indicate some constraints of the adopted research methodology.

Tradução & aprendizado de língua estrangeira: o ponto de vista do aluno

This paper reports some exemplary data related to a research project on the role of translation in foreign language teaching-learning. The data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 47 Brazilian ESL learners. Specifically, the points of the analysis are: how the translation process is conceived by the students; why and when the translation is used by the learners in classroom situations; mother tongue/foreign language relationships in this specific context, among other aspects. The findings reveal that translation, when used a mediating resource for foreign language teaching-learning, can promote target language management.

Vizinhança global ou proximidade imposta? Impactos da comunicação intercultural mediada por computador sobre o papel da cultura no ensino de língua inglesa

Muitas práticas educacionais no ensino e aprendizagem de línguas parecem ainda dominadas por uma visão de cultura essencialista, na qual os alunos, suas habilidades e atitudes de aprendizagem são caracterizadas por estereótipos problemáticos e/ou imaginários de suas culturas religiosas, étnicas e nacionais. As novas ferramentas e aplicativos para comunicação trazidos pela internet têm contribuído para o aumento de práticas comunicativas entre indivíduos de diferentes culturas e o uso da língua inglesa entre falantes não nativos, o que também tende a trazer impactos sobre a maneira como entendemos e ensinamos cultura na aprendizagem de tal língua. Este artigo pretende explicitar a visão de cultura presente nos conceitos de competência comunicativa e competência intercultural, e discutir a necessidade de reformulação do componente cultural no ensino e aprendizagem de línguas, para que ele objetive a exploração da complexidade advinda do pragmatismo dos encontros interculturais na contemporaneidade.

Lengua, cultura e interculturalidad en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras

En los últimos años se ha revalorizado la combinación del estudio de una lengua y la enseñanza de temas vinculados con la cultura, la sociedad, la historia. Desde diferentes ángulos, se ha sostenido que una lengua no puede ser concebida en abstracto, en sus formalidades ajenas a cualquier referencia externa, contextual, situacional o cultural. En ese marco, la incorporación de aspectos que involucran una mirada desde las Ciencias Sociales en la enseñanza de una lengua, parece ser cada vez más relevante. Analizaremos en esta ponencia las experiencias producidas por alumnos de la Universidad de Leiden (Holanda) en su estadía de estudios en Argentina en 2012, 2013 y 2015, las cuales permiten indagar en las particularidades de los conocimientos y representaciones acerca del país y reflejan la importancia del acercamiento a la dinámica cultural, social e histórica de la comunidad hablante de la lengua-objetivo. En la práctica de la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera se juega también el posible encuentro e interacción entre dos culturas, la interculturalidad. Esta se basa en la necesidad de comprender lo diferente de cada cultura y asumir la posibilidad de la convivencia democrática en tanto el "otro" representa una alteridad no asimilable, ni unificable, sino inmersa en su propia condición histórica como sujeto de enunciación

Lengua, cultura e interculturalidad en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras

En los últimos años se ha revalorizado la combinación del estudio de una lengua y la enseñanza de temas vinculados con la cultura, la sociedad, la historia. Desde diferentes ángulos, se ha sostenido que una lengua no puede ser concebida en abstracto, en sus formalidades ajenas a cualquier referencia externa, contextual, situacional o cultural. En ese marco, la incorporación de aspectos que involucran una mirada desde las Ciencias Sociales en la enseñanza de una lengua, parece ser cada vez más relevante. Analizaremos en esta ponencia las experiencias producidas por alumnos de la Universidad de Leiden (Holanda) en su estadía de estudios en Argentina en 2012, 2013 y 2015, las cuales permiten indagar en las particularidades de los conocimientos y representaciones acerca del país y reflejan la importancia del acercamiento a la dinámica cultural, social e histórica de la comunidad hablante de la lengua-objetivo. En la práctica de la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera se juega también el posible encuentro e interacción entre dos culturas, la interculturalidad. Esta se basa en la necesidad de comprender lo diferente de cada cultura y asumir la posibilidad de la convivencia democrática en tanto el "otro" representa una alteridad no asimilable, ni unificable, sino inmersa en su propia condición histórica como sujeto de enunciación

Lengua, cultura e interculturalidad en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras

En los últimos años se ha revalorizado la combinación del estudio de una lengua y la enseñanza de temas vinculados con la cultura, la sociedad, la historia. Desde diferentes ángulos, se ha sostenido que una lengua no puede ser concebida en abstracto, en sus formalidades ajenas a cualquier referencia externa, contextual, situacional o cultural. En ese marco, la incorporación de aspectos que involucran una mirada desde las Ciencias Sociales en la enseñanza de una lengua, parece ser cada vez más relevante. Analizaremos en esta ponencia las experiencias producidas por alumnos de la Universidad de Leiden (Holanda) en su estadía de estudios en Argentina en 2012, 2013 y 2015, las cuales permiten indagar en las particularidades de los conocimientos y representaciones acerca del país y reflejan la importancia del acercamiento a la dinámica cultural, social e histórica de la comunidad hablante de la lengua-objetivo. En la práctica de la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera se juega también el posible encuentro e interacción entre dos culturas, la interculturalidad. Esta se basa en la necesidad de comprender lo diferente de cada cultura y asumir la posibilidad de la convivencia democrática en tanto el "otro" representa una alteridad no asimilable, ni unificable, sino inmersa en su propia condición histórica como sujeto de enunciación