Avaliação do potencial anticorrosivo de tiossemicarbazonas solubilizadas em sistemas microemulsionados

In this work thiosemicarbazones [4-N-cinnamoyl-thiosemicarbazone (CTSC), 4-N-(2'-methoxycinnamoyl)-thiosemicarbazone (MCTSC), and 4-N-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzoyl)-thiosemicarbazone (HMBTSC)] were solubilized in an microemulsion system (ME_OCS) which is rich in aqueous phase (O/W system). The system ME_OCS was obtained with saponified coconut oil (OCS) as (surfactant), butanol (cosurfactant), and kerosene as oil phase (Fo), using 40% of C/T (cosurfactant/surfactant), 5% of Fo and 55% of aqueous phase. The microemulsions systems CTSC_ME_OCS, MCTSC_ME_OCS and HMBTSC_ME_OCS effectiveness on a AISI 1020 carbon steel corrosion inhibition process were evaluated in a saline solution (NaCl 0.5%), using a galavostatic method. The tested thiosemicarbazones (TSC) showed highest inhibitors effects (85.7% for CTSC_ME_OCS, 84.0% for MCTSC_ME_OCS, and 83.3% HMBTSC_ME_OCS) at lower concentrations [0.19% of CTSC, 0.07% (MCTSC), and 0.26% (HMBTSC)]. Comparatively, the surfactant OCS (solubilized in H2O) as well as the system ME_OCS showed lower efficacy [71% for OCS (at 0.20 - 0.25% of concentration) and 74% for ME_OCS (at 0.5% of concentration)]. Since the microemulsion systems ME_OCS showed satisfactory interfacial adsorption, the greatest inhibitory effect of those TSC_ME_OCS systems could be correlated to both chemical composition of each tested TSC (which is rich in heteroatoms and aromatic ring) and also the presence of the surfactant OCS

Inibição à corrosão do aço AISI 1020, em meios ácido e salino, por tensoativos e substâncias nitrogenadas microemulsionados

Corrosion inhibition efficiency of saponified coconut oil (SCO) and sodium dodecilbenzene sulfonate (DBS) surfactants in AISI 1020 carbon steel was evaluated by electrochemical methods. These surfactants were also evaluated as microemulsion systems (SCO-ME and DBS-ME), of O/W type (water-rich microemulsion), in a Winsor IV region. They were obtained according to the following composition: 15% SCO, 15% butanol (30% Co-surfactant/Surfactant C/T), 10% organic phase (FO, kerosene) and 60% aqueous phase (FA). These systems were also used to solubilize the following nitrogenated substances: Diphenylcarbazide (DC), 2,4-dinitro-phenyl-thiosemicarbazide (TSC) and the mesoionic type compound 1,3,4-triazolium-2-thiolate (MI), that were investigated with the purpose of evaluating their anticorrosive effects. Comparative studies of carbon steel corrosion inhibition efficiencies of free DBS and DBS-ME, in brine and acidic media (0.5%), showed that DBS presents better inhibition results in acidic media (free DBS, 89% and DBS-ME, 93%). However, the values obtained for DBS in salted solution (72% free DBS and 77% DBS-ME) were similar to the ones observed for the SCO surfactant in brine (63% free SCO and 74% SCO-ME). Analysis of corrosion inhibition of the nitrogenated substances that were solubilized in the SCO-ME microemulsion system by the linear polarization method in brine (0.5% NaCl) showed that such compounds are very efficient an corrosion inhibitors [DC-ME-SCO (92%), TSC-ME-SCO (93%) and MI-ME-SCO (94%)]

Poole-Frenkel effect in amorphous poly(p-phenylene sulfide)

The conductivity of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) amorphous samples sandwiched between metallic electrodes has been studied as a function of applied voltage, temperature, and electrode material. The voltage (U) dependence of the currents for electric fields within the range 10(3)-10(6) V/cm exhibits exp beta U-1/2 behavior with beta = beta(Schottky) below the glass transition temperature (T-g congruent to 90 degrees C), and beta = beta(Poole-Frenkel) above T-g. Coordinated temperature measurements of de currents with different metallic contacts and thermally stimulated currents (TSC) indicate, however, that the conductivity at T < T-g is consistent with the so-called ''anomalous'' Poole-Frenkel effect rather than the Schottky effect. Consequently, the p-type conductivity in amorphous PPS is proposed to be a bulk-limited process due to ionization of two different types of acceptor centers in the presence of neutral hole traps. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Tannery sludge compost amendment rates on soil microbial biomass of two different soils

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of cowpea in soils amended with composted tannery sludge

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Temperatura superficial e interna de cimentos de ionômeros de vidro e transmissão à câmara pulpar: aplicação de ondas de ultrassom

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização microestrutural e resistência à corrosão de ligas Ni-Cr-Mo refundidas utilizadas em próteses dentárias

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Implante de tubo de silicone com e sem colágeno na regeneração de nervos de eqüinos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Eficiência reprodutiva de vacas mestiças leiteiras criadas em sistemas de criação com e sem sombreamento, em Bujarú, Pará

Este trabalho avaliou a eficiência reprodutiva de vacas mestiças leiteiras submetidas a sistemas de criação com e sem sombreamento, em Bujarú, Pará. Foram utilizadas 54 vacas mestiças leiteiras, em lactação, pluríparas, com bezerro ao pé, distribuídas de modo inteiramente casualizado, em dois grupos experimentais (com sombra – CS e sem sombra – SS), cada grupo com 27 animais. Entre 30 a 35 dias pós-parto, os animais foram submetidos à inseminação artificial, em tempo fixo, as fêmeas que repetiram estro foram inseminadas convencionalmente e após uma semana, repassadas a um touro de fertilidade conhecida. O diagnóstico de prenhez foi realizado aos 60 dias, por palpação retal, após os três serviços. Os animais foram manejados em pastejo rotacionado de Brachiaria brizantha, com água e sal mineral ad libitum. Durante o período experimental, os dados de temperatura ambiente foram registrados, com auxílio de termômetro digital, instalado no microclima de cada piquete, nos grupos experimentais (CS e SS). As variáveis fisiológicas avaliadas, tais como temperatura retal (TR), temperatura da superfície corporal (TSC) e frequência respiratória (FR), foram coletadas uma vez por semana, no período da manhã, com duração de duas horas de coleta. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas, uma vez por semana, através de punção na veia coccígea, e armazenadas em tubos de ensaio de vidro de 10 ml, com anticoagulante Heparina Sódica (5.000UI/5.0ml). Essas amostras de sangue foram centrifugadas, durante sete minutos a 5.000 r.p.m. O plasma obtido foi imediatamente acondicionado em microtubos de polietileno de 2.0 ml, devidamente identificados com a numeração de cada animal e conservados a -20°C, até o momento da análise para aferir os níveis de cortisol. Através da análise de variância foram observadas diferenças significativas (p<0,01) entre os grupos CS e SS para as variáveis fisiológicas TR, FR e TSC, sendo encontrados resultados menores para esses parâmetros estudados nos animais submetidos ao sombreamento. Da mesma forma, houve influência dos tratamentos (p<0,01) nos valores de cortisol, sendo menor no grupo com sombra. Em relação à taxa de prenhez das fêmeas do grupo com sombra em relação ao grupo sem sombra, não houve diferença significativa (p²= 0,1628). Porém, houve diferença estatística (p²= 0,0034) em relação à taxa de prenhez de vacas leiteiras que tiveram o nível de cortisol medido, sendo maior nos animais que apresentaram menor concentração plasmática de cortisol. Na maioria dos resultados não houve correlação entre os parâmetros estudados (variáveis fisiológicas, concentração hormonal de cortisol e temperatura ambiente) de vacas criadas em sistema com e sem sombreamento, em clima Amazônico, à exceção da FR com a concentração de cortisol, sendo encontrada uma correlação positiva média entre esses dois parâmetros no grupo com sombra e a TR apresentou correlação positiva média com a FR e alta com a TSC, e a TSC positiva alta com a FR no grupo sem sombra. Dessa forma, o uso ou não do sombreamento influenciou na eficiência reprodutiva. O não sombreamento interferiu na taxa de prenhez. O sombreamento proporcionou aos animais, manutenção das variáveis fisiológicas mais próximas da normalidade. Assim como, manteve o nível de cortisol das fêmeas do grupo com sombra mais baixo.

Heavy metals in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) after tannery sludge compost amendment

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da citotoxicidade de complexos de Pd(II) contendo ligantes fosfínicos de N,S - quelantes

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Outpatient versus inpatient treatment for acute pulmonary embolism

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common life-threatening cardiovascular condition, with an incidence of 23 to 69 new cases per 100,000 people per year. Outpatient treatment instead of traditional inpatient treatment in selected non-high-risk patients with acute PE might provide several advantages, such as reduction of hospitalizations, substantial cost saving and an improvement in health-related quality of life. Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of outpatient versus inpatient treatment for acute PE for the outcomes of all-cause and PE-related mortality; bleeding; and adverse events such as hemodynamic instability, recurrence of PE and patients'satisfaction.Search methodsThe Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases Group Trials Search Co-ordinator (TSC) searched the Specialised Register (last searched October 2014) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2014, Issue 9). The TSC also searched clinical trials databases. The review authors searched LILACS (last searched November 2014). Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials of outpatient versus inpatient treatment in people diagnosed with acute PE. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors selected relevant trials, assessed methodological quality, and extracted and analyzed data. Main results: We included one study, involving 339 participants. We ranked the quality of the evidence as very low due to not blinding the outcome assessors, the small number of events with imprecision in the confidential interval (CI), the small sample size and it was not possible to verify publication bias. For all outcomes, the CIs were wide and included clinically significant treatment effects in both directions: short-term mortality (30 days) (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 7.98, P = 0.49), long-term mortality (90 days) (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.06 to 15.58, P = 0.99), major bleeding at 14 days (RR 4.91, 95% CI 0.24 to 101.57, P = 0.30) and 90 days (RR 6.88, 95% CI 0.36 to 134.14, P = 0.20), recurrent PE within 90 days (RR 2.95, 95% CI 0.12 to 71.85, P = 0.51) and participant satisfaction (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.03, P = 0.30). PE-related mortality, minor bleeding, and adverse course such as hemodynamic instability and compliance were not assessed by the single included study. Authors' conclusions: Current very low quality evidence from one published randomized controlled trial did not provide sufficient evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of outpatient versus inpatient treatment for acute PE in overall mortality, bleeding and recurrence of PE adequately. Further well-conducted research is required before informed practice decisions can be made.

Ingestive behavior of dairy goats fed increasing levels of sugarcane in replacement of corn silage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento e aceitabilidade de compota de figo convencional e diet

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

SOAP processing performance and enhancement

The web services (WS) technology provides a comprehensive solution for representing, discovering, and invoking services in a wide variety of environments, including Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) and grid computing systems. At the core of WS technology lie a number of XML-based standards, such as the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), that have successfully ensured WS extensibility, transparency, and interoperability. Nonetheless, there is an increasing demand to enhance WS performance, which is severely impaired by XML's verbosity. SOAP communications produce considerable network traffic, making them unfit for distributed, loosely coupled, and heterogeneous computing environments such as the open Internet. Also, they introduce higher latency and processing delays than other technologies, like Java RMI and CORBA. WS research has recently focused on SOAP performance enhancement. Many approaches build on the observation that SOAP message exchange usually involves highly similar messages (those created by the same implementation usually have the same structure, and those sent from a server to multiple clients tend to show similarities in structure and content). Similarity evaluation and differential encoding have thus emerged as SOAP performance enhancement techniques. The main idea is to identify the common parts of SOAP messages, to be processed only once, avoiding a large amount of overhead. Other approaches investigate nontraditional processor architectures, including micro-and macrolevel parallel processing solutions, so as to further increase the processing rates of SOAP/XML software toolkits. This survey paper provides a concise, yet comprehensive review of the research efforts aimed at SOAP performance enhancement. A unified view of the problem is provided, covering almost every phase of SOAP processing, ranging over message parsing, serialization, deserialization, compression, multicasting, security evaluation, and data/instruction-level processing.