Paleoenvironmental analysis of a late-holocene subfossil Coleopteran fauna from Starks, Maine

The Sandy River in central Maine Is flanked along much of its length by low terraces. Approximately 100 kg of sediment from one terrace in Starks, Somerset County, Maine was wet-sieved in the field. Over 1100 subfossil Coleoptera were recovered representing 53 individual species of a total of 99 taxa. Wood associated with the fauna is 2000 +/-80 14C Yr in age (1-16,038). The fauna is dominated by species characteristic of habitats apparent in modern central Maine. The subfossil assemblage is indicative of a wide vartety of environments including open ground (e.g., Harpalus pensylvanicus), dense forest (e.g., pterostichus honestus), aquatic environments (e.g., Gyrinus, Helophorus), riparian environments with sand and gravel substrates (e.g., Bembidion inaequale, Schizogenius lineolatus), and moist, organic-rich terrestrial environments (e.g., Micropeplus sculptus). The ecological requirements for each taxon permit an environmental reconstruction suggesting an area vegetationally, climatically, and ecologically similar to that of the Sandy River today. The lowest terraces apparently represent the modern-day floodplain of the Sandy River. An average sedimentation rate of l.00 to 1.04 mm per year has been inferred based on radiocarbon dates here and elsewhere on the Sandy River. The Coleopteran fauna suggests that sand and gravel were distinctly abundant, and that the aggradation of point bars, as seen today, contributed to the flood history. Lateral bank erosion of the modern Sandy River accelerated after the State of Maine mandated cessation of bar removal in 1975: flood severity has dramatically increased since that time. Implications suggest that mining of the bars may be necessary to minimize future flooding problems.

Map of Salem Township. Town 1 south. Range 7 east [plat]

Publication information: Chicago, Ill. : Everts & Stewart, 1874.

Map of Sylvan Township. Two south. Range three east [plat]

Drawn by B. A. Skeels. Publication information: Chicago, Ill. : Everts & Stewart, 1874.

Map of Superior Township. Town 2 south. Range 7 east [plat]

Drawn & compiled by Cyrus Wheelock. Publication information: Chicago, Ill. : Everts & Stewart, 1874.

Maryland's colonial Eastern Shore ; historical sketches of counties and of some notable structures.

Introduction, by J. A. Pearce.--Kent County, by P. G. Skirven.--Talbot County, by J. H. K. Shannahan.--Somerset County, by H. F. Lankford.--Dorcester County, by W. L. Henry.--Cecil County, by H. L. Constable.-- Queen Anne's County, by D. W. Thom.--Worcester County, by S. K. Dennis.--Caroline County, by E. T. Tubbs.--Wicomico County, by L. I. Pollitt.--Washington college, by J. W. Cain.--Simple life on the Eastern Shore.

Gillette's map of Oneida Co., New York : from actual surveys /

County cadastral wall map showing towns (townships), numbered town survey divisions, irregular rural property tracts, rural buildings, and rural householders' names.

Mercer Co., N.J. : N4007.5-W7428.5/18.5 x 29 : 1981 /

"May 1985."

Topographical map of Jersey City, Hoboken, and the adjacent country : describing minutely the courses of rivers and brooks, the township and original patent lines, railways, turnpike, carriage and bridle roads, the present farm boundaries with the names of their proprietors : a correct plan of public grounds and gentlemen's country seats, the position of farm houses, forests, swamps, and marshes, showing a complete view of the face of the country /

Shows cadastral and topographic data (land tracts with proprietors' names) in unurbanized areas.

[A survey of a plot in Lancaster and Northumberland counties bounded by the Chesapeake Bay, Rappahnnock River, and the Potomac River ] /

Relief shown by hachures.

Plan of 59 different tracts of land (of 1000 acres each) containing in the whole 59,000 acres : situate on different waters of south Edisto River, except seven tracts (or 7000 acres) are lying on the waters of north Edisto River in the District of Orangeburgh, State of South Carolina /

Pen-and-ink and watercolor.

Bristol County, Massachusetts, 1858 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the county of Bristol, Massachusetts, the details from actual surveys under the direction of Henry F. Walling, sup't of the state map. It was published by John L. Smith & Co in 1858. Scale 1:47,520. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town and county boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. It includes many cadastral insets of individual county towns and villages, and an inset geological map of county. It includes also illustrations, business directories, and tables of statistics and distances. This map represents county boundaries as of 1858, thus it includes portions of East Providence and Pawtucket, now in Rhode Island and does not include portions of Fall River and Westport, Massachusetts, formerly in Rhode Island. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

The history of the parish and manor of Wookey; being a contribution towards a future history of the county of Somerset.

Mode of access: Internet.

History of the hundred of Carhampton, in the county of Somerset, from the best authorities,

Title vignette.

The Victoria history of the county of Somerset /

"Text of the Somerset Domesday": v. 1, p. 434-526.