A and B mode ultrasonography in preoperative evaluation of lens and posterior segment of dogs eyes with cataract

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Osteotomia femoral em cúpula para correção do ângulo de inclinação do colo do fémur

Utilizou-se a osteotomia femoral em cúpula em um cão que apresentava aumento do ângulo de inclinação do colo do fêmur e subluxação da articulação coxofemoral. A linha de osteotomia situou-se cerca de 1 cm distal ao trocanter menor, no sentido látero-medial. Para a imobilização utilizou-se um fio de Steinmann passando pelo trocanter maior e por toda a extensão do fêmur. Um fio de aço foi colocado em orifícios ósseos produzidos nos segmentos proximal e distal do fêmur para a realização de sutura óssea. A técnica empregada culminou em: diminuição de 35° no ângulo de inclinação, rebaixamento da cabeça do fêmur, elevação do trocanter maior, congruência da articulação e encurtamento de 3cm do membro. A consolidação ocorreu cerca de 90 dias após a cirurgia.

Acupuntura e implante de fragmentos de ouro em pontos de acupuntura e pontos Acupuntura e implante de fragmentos de ouro em pontos de acupuntura e pontos gatilho para o tratamento de displasia coxo-femoral em Pastor Alemão

Background: Canine hip dysplasia (HD) is characterized by hip joint laxity and subluxation. It is the most common cause of osteoarthritis in dogs, especially in larger breeds. Its management includes nutritional supplements, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, acupuncture or surgical procedures. Implantation of gold beads in acupuncture points and trigger points around a joint has been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs for at least 30 years. Gold bead implants(GBI) acts as continuous acupuncture stimulation and trigger point treatment in canine HD with long lasting results. Electrophysiological investigations of trigger points reveal dysfunctional muscle spindles which indicate that the electrical activity of active loci arises from extrafusal motor endplates.Case: This is a report on the use of acupuncture and GBI for bilateral HD in a nine year old female German Shepherd. The patient has a HD non-responsive to anti-inflammatory drugs and was unable to stand up or walk by its own. Radiographs showed marked dysplasia, significant subluxation with the femoral head partly out of a shallow acetabulum and massive secondary arthritic bone changes, mainly on the right side. The animal was submitted to eight acupuncture sessions with seven days interval. After the first acupuncture session the use of NSAID was interrupted. After eight weeks the dog was considered rehabilitated and underwent GBI in acupoints and trigger points as maintenance treatment. During the one-year follow-up period the improvement remained unchanged with no need of analgesics.Discussion: It has been suggested that acupuncture or GBI can treat the chronic pain resulting from osteoarthritis induced by HD. According to AP theory, GBI is permanent and long-lasting acupoint stimulation. Moreover, the method is inexpensive, quick and easy to perform, with no postoperative pain or need of exercise restriction. Although gold is extremely corrosion-resistant, the surface of the gold implants stimulates a reaction from the immune system causing an oxidative liberation of gold ions with anti-inflammatory actions. It is well known that gold ions are effective inhibitors of the respiratory burst of neutrophils and monocytes and the proliferation of lymphocytes. These findings suggest that gold implantation, on a local scale, mimics the anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effect of drugs with chemically bound gold ions. The relatively slow speed of the process results in a limited liberation of gold ions securing that they are taken up almost exclusively by cells close to the implant. The nine year old female German shepherd had a positive response to acupuncture with pain relieve and locomotor rehabilitation. For the nine year old female German shepherd previous acupuncture sessions to GBI resulted in no post-implant worsening period. Indeed, the association acupuncture/GBI does not have the anti-inflammatory drugs undesirable effects and brings long lasting results. In conclusion, GBI therefore should be considered for canine HD when conservative or medical treatments fail to give the desired effect.

Dental trauma involving root fracture and periodontal ligament injury: A 10-year retrospective study

The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze the cases of traumatic dental injuries involving root fracture and/or periodontal ligament injury (except avulsion) treated at the Discipline of Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, from January 1992 to December 2002. Clinical and radiographic records from 161 patients with 287 traumatized teeth that had sustained root fracture and/or injuries to the periodontal ligament were examined. The results of this survey revealed that subluxation (25.09%) was the most common type of periodontal ligament injury, followed by extrusive luxation (19.86%). There was a predominance of young male patients and most of them did not present systemic alterations. Among the etiologic factors, the most frequent causes were falls and bicycle accidents. Injuries on extraoral soft tissues were mostly laceration and abrasion, while gingival and lip mucosa lacerations prevailed on intraoral soft tissues injuries. Radiographically, the most common finding was an increase of the periodontal ligament space. The most commonly performed treatment was root canal therapy. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that traumatic dental injuries occur more frequently in young male individuals, due to falls and bicycle accidents. Subluxation was the most common type of periodontal ligament injury. Root canal therapy was the type of treatment most commonly planned and performed.

Hallazgos clínico-radiológicos de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes con artritis reumatoide

Aim of present paper is to describe and to assess the Clinicoradiological findings of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a group of patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sample included 61 patients with a mean age of 54 years and 5 months. All of them were interrogated and clinically examined and then underwent to a radiographic examination of both TMJs, using the transcranial projection technique, with the closed mouth and in maximal opening. Study includes the TMJ syndrome founded such as pain, tumefaction, luxation, clicking, and a limited oral opening. The study of radiographic features showed the presence of changes in condyle surface and temporal fossa, in condylar motility, and articulation space. We conclude that in patients presenting with rheumatoid arthritis is frequent the presence of clinicoradiological findings in the TMJ, and that patient's age and gender and the activity level and the RA course time, are factors influencing in TMJs general status.

Estudo histomorfométrico de incisivos de ratos submetidos a diferentes níveis de luxação extrusiva e subluxação

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Variações goniométricas metatarsofalângica e interfalângicas e medidas do casco do membro pélvico de equinos submetidos à tenectomia do flexor digital medial (flexor longo do halux)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do traumatismo em dente decíduo e da seqüela no dente permanente sucessor

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo radiológico comparativo da displasia coxofemoral entre gatos da raça persa e sem raça definida

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Luxation injuries in primary teeth: a retrospective study in children assisted at an emergency service

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to analyze luxation injuries in children between the ages of 0 and 5 years treated at an emergency service department. A total of 1,703 records, corresponding to a period of 10 years at the Emergency Center of the Baby Clinic at Londrina State University, Brazil, were analyzed. The age, gender, etiologic factors, type of injury, injured teeth, treatment and time interval between injury and treatment were determined for each patient. Of the examined records, 409 patients met the study criteria and included a total of 679 injured teeth. Statistical analyses were carried out using the chi-square test with the level of significance set at 5%. Trauma incidence was higher in boys (57.0%) and in children less than two years of age (40.3%). Falling while walking or running was the most predominant etiologic factor (37.7%), and the most prevalent type of injury was subluxation (32.6%). Luxation injuries decreased with increasing age (p = 0.045). Treatment usually occurred within the first 1-15 days and was significantly associated with the type of trauma (p = 0.041). "Monitor only" was the treatment most frequently observed (74.0%). In conclusion, more luxation injuries were found in younger children, predominantly in boys. Falls resulting from walking or running were the etiologic factor most observed, with subluxation as the most common type of trauma. Treatment usually occurred within the first 15 days after the injury. Despite the severity of these injuries, "monitor only" was the eligible treatment.

Avaliação da movimentação dentária induzida iniciada um e três dias pós-trauma: estudo experimental em ratos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Análise do conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas sobre plano de tratamento das injúrias do ligamento periodontal após traumatismo dentoalveolar

O diagnóstico preciso e a elaboração de um plano de tratamento adequado podem constituir uma tarefa bastante complexa, especialmente nos traumatismos dentoalveolares, pois necessitam de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e conhecimento sobre o processo de reparo após o traumatismo. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas sobre plano de tratamento das injúrias do ligamento periodontal após traumatismo dentoalveolar. Para tanto, a partir de um questionário, foram abordadas perguntas referentes ao perfil dos profissionais entrevistados e conduta frente às injúrias do ligamento periodontal (concussão, subluxação, luxação extrusiva, luxação lateral e luxação intrusiva) ocasionadas por traumatismo dentoalveolar. Seiscentos e noventa e três cirurgiões dentistas que participaram da 23ª Reunião Anual da SBPqO (2006) responderam o questionário e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise descritiva, enquanto o teste estatístico foi aplicado para demonstrar as freqüências e o nível de significância entre as variáveis (Teste qui-quadrado ou Teste Exato de Fisher). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, grandes dificuldades foram encontradas com relação ao plano de tratamento das luxações extrusiva, lateral e intrusiva. De maneira geral, a especialidade não influenciou na elaboração de planos adequados para as injúrias mais complexas. Foi possível concluir que os cirurgiões dentistas não apresentam conhecimento suficiente para tratar de maneira adequada as injúrias mais severas do ligamento periodontal após traumatismo dentoalveolar

Subluxação atlantoaxial canina

The atlantoaxial subluxation or luxation is an instability of this articulation that produces excessive flexion of this joint causing the cranial aspect of the axis to rotate dorsally into the vertebral channel with subsequent spinal cord compression. This disorder is most commonly found in young small breed dogs. The diagnosis of this disease is done by survey radiographs, where there is a larger distance between the atlas dorsal arch and the axis spinal process characterize the atlantoaxial subluxation. Surgical stabilization is the treatment of choice and multiple implants show the best results to stabilize the atlantoaxial joint. The main complications are sudden death or implant failure. The sudden death happens because of cardiorespiratory arrest and it is most likely caused by brainstem iatrogenic trauma. However, a larger study comparing different surgical stabilization techniques should be performed to evaluate relative success rates in dogs that have the same initial neurologic status

Tied Out Open Sky technique: new method for iris fixation of intraocular lens in the absence of capsular support during penetrating keratoplasty

To describe a new method for iris fixation of intraocular lens in the absence of capsular support during penetrating keratoplasty. Its a new technique of iris fixation of intraocular lens without capsular support during penetrating keratoplasty. This technique is used in cases with a healthy iris and partial or total absence of capsular support during penetrating keratoplasty. Tied Out Open Sky is a technique easy to perform for iris fixation of intraocular lens during penetrating keratoplasty. The big advantage is being able to tie off the intraocular lens off the eye and fasten it securely.

TOMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS FOR C2 SCREW PLACEMENT IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS

Objective: A morphological analysis of the bone structure of 02 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to enhance the security of the stabilization procedures for this vertebra. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 20 CT scans of the cervical spine performed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; the following parameters were measured: spinolaminar angle, thickness and length of C2 lamina. Results: The mean values are: 5.92mm and 5.87mm for thickness of right and left laminae retrospectively, 27.75mm for right lamina length and 27.94mm for left lamina length, and 44.7 degrees for spinolaminar angle. Conclusion: The values obtained are consistent with studies in normal subjects published by other groups, with no apparent need for change in the screw placement technique. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.