History of botany (1530-1860) by Julius von Sachs; authorised translation by Henry E. F. Garnsey, rev. by Isaac Bayley Balfour.

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The Columbian Newspaper vol. IV no. 1105- June 12, 1813

The "Columbian" was established by Mr. Holt in 1808 as an "organ of the Clintonians" (Journalism in the United States, from 1690-1872 By Frederic Hudson) and a replacement to the "Citizen". It was a passionate Democratic paper that supported both Jefferson and Madison. Holt later sold the "Columbian" to Alden Spooner, who published the Long Island "Star". The Columbian ceased in 1821. This issue includes the following War of 1812 topics: Page 2: copies of letters from U.S. Gen. H. Dearborn describing the U.S. attack on Ft. George 27 May 1813; letter from Gen. H. Dearborn describing U.S. pursuit of British troops at Beaver Dams and the U.S. capture of Fort Erie; list of U.S. killed and wounded in Commodore Isaac Chauncey's squadron in attack on York 27 April, 1813; list of killed and wounded in Commodore Isaac Chauncey's squadron in attack on Ft. George 27 May 1813; abstract of the cartel for the exchange of prisoners of war between Great Britain and the United States; mention of troop movements through New York on their way to the battle front; list of persons killed or lost on the privateer Saratoga; Page 3: account of the loss of the U.S. war ships the Growler and Eagle to the British; news from Quebec and Kingston of troop movements; U.S. ship Syren unsuccessfully pursues British ship Herald; account of a U.S. cargo ship being captured by a British military ship; account of U.S. ship Siro capturing British ship Loyal Sam; report from Halifax of recent British troop and ship movements; list of recent troop enrollments in various states; report of British troop build up in Kingston;

The Columbian, 12 June 1813 (vol. 4, no. 1105) - Newspaper

Volumes of interest were published between 1812 and 1815 with articles about the War of 1812. Issue for June 12, 1813 includes copies of letters from U.S. Gen. H. Dearborn describing the U.S. attack on Ft. George 27 May 1813; letter from Gen. H. Dearborn describing U.S. pursuit of British troops at Beaver Dams and the U.S. capture of Fort Erie; list of U.S. killed and wounded in Commodore Isaac Chauncey’s squadron in attack on York 27 April, 1813; list of killed and wounded in Commodore Isaac Chauncey’s squadron in attack on Ft. George 27 May 1813; abstract of the cartel for the exchange of prisoners of war between Great Britain and the United States; mention of troop movements through New York on their way to the battle front; list of persons killed or lost on the privateer Saratoga; account of the loss of the U.S. war ships the Growler and Eagle to the British; news from Quebec and Kingston of troop movements; report of launching of British ship Sir George Prevost; announcement of sending of 5 American infantry companies to Burlington from Bennington, Vermont; U.S. ship Syren unsuccessfully pursues British ship Herald; account of a U.S. cargo ship being captured by a British military ship; account of U.S. ship Siro capturing British ship Loyal Sam; report from Halifax of recent British troop and ship movements; list of recent troop enrollments in various states; report of British troop build up in Kingston.

A review of certain anti-Catholic publications : viz. A charge delivered to the clergy of the diocese of Gloucester, in 1810, by George Isaac Huntingford : A charge delivered to the clergy of the diocese of Lincoln, in 1812, by George Tomline : and Observations on the Catholic question, by Lord Kenyon.

Mode of access: Internet.

The works of the Rev. Isaac Watts D.D. in nine volumes.

"Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, ... by Edward Baines, Leeds."

The three Cruikshanks. A bibliographical catalogue, describing more than 500 works (including a few etchings and loose plates), with their correct collector's condition, number of etchings and woodcuts in the principal items, and their present market values, illustrated by Isaac, George, & Robert Cruikshank,

Mode of access: Internet.

Le conscrit de 1813 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Data compilation on the biological response to ocean acidification: environmental and experimental context of data sets and related literature

The exponential growth of studies on the biological response to ocean acidification over the last few decades has generated a large amount of data. To facilitate data comparison, a data compilation hosted at the data publisher PANGAEA was initiated in 2008 and is updated on a regular basis (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.149999). By January 2015, a total of 581 data sets (over 4 000 000 data points) from 539 papers had been archived. Here we present the developments of this data compilation five years since its first description by Nisumaa et al. (2010). Most of study sites from which data archived are still in the Northern Hemisphere and the number of archived data from studies from the Southern Hemisphere and polar oceans are still relatively low. Data from 60 studies that investigated the response of a mix of organisms or natural communities were all added after 2010, indicating a welcomed shift from the study of individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. The initial imbalance of considerably more data archived on calcification and primary production than on other processes has improved. There is also a clear tendency towards more data archived from multifactorial studies after 2010. For easier and more effective access to ocean acidification data, the ocean acidification community is strongly encouraged to contribute to the data archiving effort, and help develop standard vocabularies describing the variables and define best practices for archiving ocean acidification data.

The Anatomy of an International Cartel: Cyanide 1897-1927

The development of a new product or a new process, if adopted by the market, may generate a number of economic processes including secondary innovations to promote the exploitation of the new discovery. Such technological advances may also promote new industrial ventures which may exist over many decades, enhancing economic development. The history of the adoption of the cyanide process for the extraction of gold from its ores exemplifies such developments. One outcome was the formation of an international cyanide cartel.

Variações nos níveis das células sangüíneas periféricas encontradas em Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas, 1897, infectados com Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, próprio da Pré-Amazônia

Foram constituídos quatro grupos de roedores silvestres para a contagem de células sangüíneas periféricas, da seguinte forma: Grupo I - formado de animais normais, nascidos em biotério, com 30 dias de vida; Grupo II - formado de animais que foram capturados no campo e considerados não infectados com S. mansoni, após ovohelmintoscopia das fezes, realizada durante 30 dias de observação; Grupo III - animáis capturados no campo, nautralmente infectados com o esquistossomo, e o Grupo IV - de animais nascidos em biotério, com 30 dias de vida, e infectados com 150 cercárias de S. mansoni, oriundas da Região da Baixada Maranhense. Semanalmente, a partir da data da infecção, estes animais foram sangrados e tiveram suas células sangüíneas periféricas contadas global e especificamente. Os resultados mostraram que o número de hemácias e leucócitos por mm³ não variou nos animais normais, tanto de campo como de biotério. No grupo de animais experimentalmente infectados, foi observado decréscimo do número de hemácias à proporção que a infecção evoluia. Comportamento oposto foi verificado com os leucócitos. Elevados níveis de eosinófilos só foram observados nos animais com infecção natural. Estes resultados foram discutidos com dados da literatura e considerados importantes para complementar as informações sobre este hospedeiro natural do trematódeo, oferecido como modelo experimental do verme, e para sua própria história natural.

Observações sobre os níveis glicêmicos de Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas, 1897, hospedeiro natural do Schistosoma mansoni na Pré-Amazônia

Roedores silvestres, nascidos em biotério, descendentes de Holochilus b. nanus, capturados na região da Baixada Maranhense, localizada na Pré-Amazônia, foram infectados experimentalmente com Schistosoma mansoni, procedente da mesma Região, com o objetivo de verificar a influência da infecção sobre os níveis glicêmicos. Um grupo de roedores não infectados tiveram, também, seus níveis glicêmicos determinados, para o conhecimento da concentração normal de glicose. O estudo procedeu distinguindo os animais, tanto os normais quanto os infectados, por sexo, regime alimentar e idade de infecção. A quantificação da glicose sérica foi feita pelo método da Orto-Toluidina, após sangrias semanais pelo plexo oftálmico, sempre no mesmo horário. Os resultados mostraram que ocorreu elevação de pesos corporais de todos os animais normais, durante suas maturações, ao passo que, os animais infectados, tiveram seus pesos em decréscimo, durante a evolução da infecção. Os níveis glicêmicos estudados nos animais normais mostraram que as fêmeas possuem nível mais baixo e estável do que os machos, independente de terem sido alimentados ou não. Os animais infectados aos 30 dias de vida tiveram seus níveis glicêmicos em declínio à proporção que a infecção evoluía, provavelmente, devido ao acometimento dos órgãos, como baço, fígado e pâncreas; enquanto que, os animais infectados aos 40 dias de vida, tiveram seus níveis de glicose, durante as 8 semanas de infecção, sem diferença significativa entre eles. O número de vermes adultos recuperados nos animais infectados com 30 dias de vida foi maior do que o número encontrado nos roedores do outro grupo. Os dados informaram, também, que, a idade ideal para a infecção deste novo modelo experimental, deva ser a de 30 dias de vida, semelhante a outros, como camundongos.