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Mode of access: Internet.

Randomized trial of 8 Gy in 1 versus 20 Gy in 5 fractions of radiotherapy for neuropathic pain due to bone metastases (Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group, TROG 96.05)

Background and purpose: Despite numerous randomized trials investigating radiotherapy (RT) fractionation schedules for painful bone metastases, there are very few data on RT for bone metastases causing pain with a neuropathic component. The Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group undertook a randomized trial comparing the efficacy of a single 8 Gy (8/1) with 20 Gy in 5 fractions (20/5) for this type of pain. Materials and methods: Eligible patients had radiological evidence of bone metastases from a known malignancy with no change in systemic therapy within 6 weeks before or anticipated within 4 weeks after RT, no other metastases along the distribution of the neuropathic pain and no clinical or radiological evidence of cord/cauda equina compression. All patients gave written informed consent. Primary endpoints were pain response within 2 months of commencement of RT and time to treatment failure (TTF). The hypothesis was that 8/1 is at least as effective as 20/5 and the planned sample size was 270 patients. Results: Between February 1996 and December 2002, 272 patients were randomized (8/1:20/5 = 137:135) from 15 centres (Australia 11, New Zealand 3, UK 1). The commonest primary cancers were lung (31%), prostate (29%) and breast (8%); index sites were spine (89%), rib (9%), other (2%); 72% of patients were males and the median age was 67 (range 2989). The median overall survival (95% CI) for all randomized patients was 4.8 mo (4.2-5.7 mo). The intention-to-treat overall response rates (95% Cl) for 8/1 vs 20/5 were 53% (45-62%) vs 61% (53-70%), P = 0.18. Corresponding figures for complete response were 26% (18-34%) vs 27% (19-35%), P = 0.89. The estimated median TTFs (95% CI) were 2.4 mo (2.0-3.3 mo) vs 3.7 mo (3.1-5.9 mo) respectively. The hazard ratio (95% Cl) for the comparison of TTF curves was 1.35 (0.99-1.85), log-rank P = 0.056. There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of re-treatment, cord compression or pathological fracture by arm. Conclusions: 8/1 was not shown to be as effective as 20/5, nor was it statistically significantly worse. Outcomes were generally poorer for 8/1, although the quantitative differences were relatively small. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cicatrização de anastomose colônica reforçada por esponja de colágeno revestida com fatores de coagulação (TachoSil) em ratos submetidos à quimioterapia intraperitoneal perioperatória precoce com 5-fluorouracil

A administração intraperitoneal de 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) no pós-operatório imediato reduz a recorrência local e prolonga a sobrevida dos pacientes com câncer colônico. Contudo, esse tratamento também pode prejudicar a cicatrização das anastomoses intestinais. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos da quimioterapia (QT) intraperitoneal (IP) pós-operatória (PO) precoce com o 5-FU e da selagem anastomótica com o TachoSil sobre o processo de cicatrização de anastomoses colônicas. Quarenta ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos (I - IV, com dez ratos em cada) e submetidos à secção do cólon esquerdo seguida por anastomose. As anastomoses dos ratos dos grupos II e IV foram cobertas com o TachoSil. Solução salina (2 ml/dia grupos I e II) ou 5-FU (20 mg/kg/dia grupos III e IV) foi administrado por via IP uma vez ao dia, desde do procedimento cirúrgico até a morte programada dos animais no quarto dia pós-operatório. Foram realizadas medidas da pressão de ruptura e análise histopatológica das anastomoses. A perda relativa de peso foi significativamente maior nos animais do grupo III comparado a todos os demais grupos (p=0,0004). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos no que se refere à presença de fístulas, coleções perianastomóticas, sinais de dilatação intestinal pré-anastomótica ou aderências pós-operatórias. A pressão de ruptura foi significativamente menor no grupo III comparada a todos os demais grupos (p=0,001). A neoangiogênese foi significativamente menor no grupo III comparada aos grupos I e II (p=0,05). A infiltração fibroblástica foi significativamente maior no grupo I e em comparação ao grupo III (p=0,035). Não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os grupos no que concerne à presença de infiltração de células inflamatórias e deposição de colágeno. Os dados obtidos permitem concluir que a QT IP precoce com 5-FU afetou negativamente a fase inicial da cicatrização de anastomoses colônicas. Contudo, a selagem com o TachoSil foi capaz de reverter alguns dos efeitos adversos decorrentes da QT.

20世纪中国历史地理研究若干进展

以探讨未来中国历史地理学在国际全球变化与可持续发展研究中的作用为目的,根据近半个多世纪中国历史地理学的相关研究成果,对20世纪中国历史地理学研究的若干进展进行了简要回顾。内容涉及:①历代疆域政区研究与历史地图的编制;②历史气候与自然灾害研究;③历史时期地表过程研究;④中华文明起源与发展研究;⑤区域综合与重大历史事件研究;⑥历史时期人地关系与适应模式研究;⑦基础资料的积累与新技术应用等7个方面。除上述进展外,中国历史地理学还建立了一套独具特色的研究方法,构筑了较为完善的学科体系,并培养了一代又一代的学术继承

取代基效应与乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的序列结构——5.乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物

本文应用取代基效应(SCS)方法研究了乙烯-乙烯醇(EVA)共聚物,得到了羟基(-OH)在两种不同溶剂中的SCS参数:在苯酚+重水(80/20W/W)中参数为S_1=42.77±0.08ppm,S_2=7.155±0.06ppm,S_3(s)=-4.08±0.02ppm,S_3(t)=-3.09±0.02ppm,S_4=0.48±0.03ppm,S_5=0.26±0.05ppm,在以邻二氯苯为溶剂时参数为S_1=44.97±0.61ppm,S_2=7.40±0.00ppm,S_3(s)=-4.51±0.17ppm,S_3(t)=-3.13±0.00ppm,S_4=0.63±0.04ppm,S_5=0.36±0.00ppm,同时利用所得到的SCS参数对该共聚物的~(13)C NMR谱进行了归属。

赖草属5个种的核型与进化

报道了国产赖草属5 个种的核型, 即大赖草, 2n = 4x = 28= 24m (2SA T ) + 4sm(2SA T) ; 粗穗赖草, 2n= 4x= 28= 22m (2SA T ) + 4sm + 2st (2SA T ) ; 若羌赖草, 2n= 4x= 28=20m (4SA T) + 6sm + 2st (2SA T ) ; 羊草, 2n= 4x= 28= 22m (4SA T ) + 2sm + 4st (4SA T ) ; 窄颖赖草, 2n= 4x= 28= 22m (2SA T) + 4sm (2SA T ) + 2st (2SA T )。同时, 根据Stebbins的核型进化理论和分支系统学的编序赋值方法, 对核型4个重要性状进行了分析, 总结出了5个种的进化指数, 并同外部形态演化分析相印证, 揭示了宏观分类中3个组的系统发育水平。

Activation of serotonergic 5-HT1A receptors in the lateral parabrachial nucleus increases NaCl intake

Previous studies using non-specific serotonergic agonists and antagonists have shown the importance of serotonergic inhibitory mechanisms in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) for controlling sodium and water intake. In the present study, we investigated whether the serotonergic 5-HTIA receptor subtype in the LPBN participates in this control. Male Holtzman rats had cannulas implanted bilaterally into the LPBN. Bilateral injections of the 5-HTIA receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, 0.1, 1.25, and 2.5 mu g/ 0.2 mu l), into the LPBN enhanced 0.3 M NaCl and water intake of rats injected subcutaneously with the diuretic furosemide (10 mg/kg bw) and a low dose of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril (5 mg/kg bw). The increase in NaCl intake produced by 8-OH-DPAT injections was reduced in dose-related manner by pre-treating the LPBN with the selective 5-HTIA serotonergic antagonist, WAY-100635 (WAY, I and 2 mu g/0.2 mu l). In contrast, WAY did not affect water intake produced by 8-OH-DPAT. WAY-100635 injected alone into the LPBN had no effect on NaCl ingestion. Injections of 8-OH-DAPT (0.1 mu g/0.2 mu l) into the LPBN also increased 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by 24-h sodium depletion (furosemide, 20 mg/kg bw plus 24 h of sodium-free diet). Serotonin (5-HT, 20 mu g/0.2 mu l) injected alone or combined with 8-OH-DPAT into the LPBN reduced 24-h sodium depletion-induced 0.3 M NaCl intake. Therefore, the activation of serotonergic 5-HTIA receptors in the LPBN increases stimulated hypertonic NaCl and water intake, while 5-HT injections into the LPBN reduce NaCl intake and prevent the effects of serotonergic 5-HTIA receptor activation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Efeitos da membrana amniótica homógena associada ao laser arseneto de gálio-alumínio (λ=660) na reparação de mucosite oral em ratos tratados com 5-fluoruracila: análise histológica e imunohistoquímica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

LHC discovery potential for supersymmetry with root s=7 TeV and 5-30 fb(-1)

We extend our earlier results delineating the supersymmetry reach of the CERN Large Hadron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV to integrated luminosities in the range 5-30 fb(-1). Our results are presented within the paradigm minimal supergravity model or constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model. Using a six-dimensional grid of cuts for the optimization of signal to background ratio-including missing E-T-we find for m((g) over tilde) similar to m((q) over tilde) an LHC 5 sigma supersymmetry discovery reach of m((g) over tilde) similar to 1:3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 TeV for 5, 10, 20, and 30 fb(-1), respectively. For m((q) over tilde) >> m((g) over tilde), the corresponding reach is instead m((g) over tilde) similar to 0: 8, 0.9, 1.0, and 1.05 TeV, for the same integrated luminosities.

The 17, 20-lyase activity of cytochrome p450c17 from human fetal testis favors the delta5 steroidogenic pathway.

Cytochrome P450c17 catalyzes both 17alpha-hydroxylation and 17,20-lyase conversion of 21-carbon steroids to 19-carbon precursors of sex steroids. P450c17 can mediate testosterone biosynthesis via the conversion of pregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (the delta(5) pathway) or via conversion of progesterone to androstenedione (the delta(4) pathway). In many species, the 17, 20-lyase activity of P450c17 for one pathway dominates, reflecting the preferred steroidogenic pathway of that species. All studies of recombinant human P450c17 and of human adrenal microsomes have found high 17, 20-lyase activity only in the delta(5) pathway. Because the 17, 20-lyase activities in both the delta(4) and delta(5) pathways for testicular P450c17 have not been directly compared, however, it is not known if the delta(5) pathway dominates in the human testis. To resolve this issue, we assayed the conversion of 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (delta(5) 17, 20-lyase activity) and of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione (delta(4) 17, 20-lyase activity) by human fetal testicular microsomes. We obtained apparent Michaelis constant (K(m)) and maximum velocity (V(max)) values of 1.0 microM and 0.73 pmol.min(-1). microg(-1) for delta(5) 17, 20-lyase activity and of 3.5 microM and 0.23 pmol.min(-1). microg(-1) for delta(4) 17, 20-lyase activity. Catalytic efficiencies, expressed as the ratio V(max)/K(m), were 0.73 and 0.066 for the delta(5) and delta(4) reactions, respectively, indicating 11-fold higher preference for the delta(5) pathway. We conclude that the majority of testosterone biosynthesis in the human testis proceeds through the conversion of pregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone via the delta(5) pathway.

Ms. germ. qu. 5 - Wilhelm von Österreich

Vorbesitzer: Kloster Bronnbach; Kloster Neustadt a. M.; Fürstlich Löwenstein-Rosenbergische Hofbibliothek Klein-Heubach

Positiones Der Kayserlich-Königlichen und Königlich-Preußischen Armeen : sowohl den 20. Novembr. 1759 bey der Action an dem Dorfe Maxen und Falkenhayn, als auch den 21. Novembr. bey Gefangennehmung der Königl. Preuß. Armee auf den Anhöhen vor Dohna

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